单句改错高考考点分类整理.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考英语书面表示中常见错误,1/120,写作是对学生利用英语综合能力考查，是最能表达学生英语水平一个检测方式。我们学生在写作过程当中经常暴露一些弱点、犯一些错误。现对学生作文中常见错误进行简明归纳，粗分类别，并举以实例。,2/120,（一）名词,写作中，学生们常把握不好名词数、全部格以及一些集合名词使用方法。,3/120,1.,He gave me a very good advice yesterday.,句中,a,要去掉，因为,advice,是不可数名词。一些汉语概念为可数词在英语中却是不可数，表示数量时在其前加,a piece of,，类似词有：,news,bread,work,paper,chalk,furniture,information,等等。,4/120,2.,That girl loves reading book.,可数名词单数不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变为复数。此处最好变为,books.,5/120,3.,He went into a books shop and bought a dictionary.,普通表示有生命东西名词全部格用,s,，如,my mothers car,而此处适宜用名词修饰名词，改为,a book shop,.,6/120,4.,My family is watching TV.,一些集合名词如看成一个整体，则用单数谓语动词，如,My family is a happy one,;,如强调集合中每个个体个人行为，则用复数谓语动词。此处看电视是个体行为，应把,is,改为,are,。类似词有：,team,class,audience,等。,7/120,5,I bought some potatos and tomatos at the supermarket.,初高中阶段以“,o”,结尾名词中有四个词变复数时要加,es,，它们是,tomato,potato,Negro,hero,;,其余都加,s,变为复数。,8/120,6,This has nothing to do with their believes.,（这和他们信仰没关系。）,以,f,fe,结尾词变为复数时普通去,f,fe,加,ves,，如,knifeknives,thiefthieves,;,而,roof,和,belief,直接加,s,变为复数。所以应把,believes,改为,beliefs.,9/120,（二）冠词,10/120,7,The boss wants to hire an useful person.,用,a,还是,an,，取决于后面单词第一个音标，如为元音用,an,，为辅音用,a,。,useful,第一个音是辅音所以应把,an,改为,a,。类似，我们说,a European country,.,11/120,8,Plane is a machine that can fly.,Plane,为可数名词单数，不能单独放在句中，应在其前加冠词或把它变为复数，而本句后有,a machine,所以只能在其前面加,a,，变为,A plane,。,12/120,9,He played a piano at the party yesterday.,把,a,改为,the,，因为乐器前用定冠词。,13/120,10,The machine was invented in 1920s.,在,in,后加,the,，因为表示年代用,in,加,the,再加几十复数，如在八十年代,in the 80s,。,14/120,11,Xiao Hong went to school by the bus every day.,去掉,the,，因为表示交通方式用,by,直接加交通工具。,15/120,（三）代词,使用代词时请注意其单、复数，主、宾格以及形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词使用方法。,16/120,12,He is one of those speakers who make his ideas perfectly clear.,定语从句先行词是,those speakers,，为复数，所以从句中指示代词应为复数，应把,his,改为,their,。,17/120,13,Whom do you think has left the lights on,？,放在疑问句特殊疑问词后,do you think/believe/guess/imagine/suppose,等都不参加句子成份，把它们去掉后，疑问词在句中做主语用主格，做宾语用宾格。本句中去掉,do you think,后缺是主语，应把,Whom,改为,Who,。,18/120,14,The boss pretended not to see John and I.,John,和,I,在句中都做宾语，应把,I,改为,me,。,19/120,15,These books are mine;those in the bag are her.,Her,是形容词性物主代词，后面应该加名词,books,，或把,her,改为,hers,。,20/120,（四）数词,21/120,16,There are fourteen hundreds students in our school.,Hundred/thousand/million/score/dozen,等词前有详细数字时后不加,s,，前面没有详细数字时在其后加,s,和,of,，表示大约几百几千概念。如,two hundred students,（两百个学生），,hundreds of students,（成百上千个学生）。例句中应把,hundreds,改为,hundred,。,22/120,17,Their school is twice as larger as our school.,表倍数关系,as-as,中间只能用形容词或副词原级。所以把,larger,改为,large.,23/120,18,Todays homework is a five-hundred-words composition.,几个单词由连字符连接而组成复合形容词中名词只能用单数，所以把,five-hundred-words,改为,five-hundred-word.,24/120,19,Two third of the students in our school are from America.,英语表示中分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于一时分母后要加,s,，所以就把,third,改为,thirds.,25/120,（五）形容词和副词,形容词和副词轻易被误用，形容词和副词比较级和最高级也是应注意重点。,26/120,20,The patient appeared nervously when he talked to the doctor.,appear,在此是个系动词，其后应接形容词作表语。所以把,nervously,改为,nervous.,27/120,21,The artist worked hardly to finish his drawings on time.,此句需要一个副词来修饰，,hardly,是副词，但意为“几乎不”，,hard,也能够是副词，表努力，所以把,hardly,改为,hard.,28/120,22,This shirt is more cheaper than that one.,More,只组成比较级，而不能修饰比较级。所以把,more,去掉。,29/120,23,He is the most successful of the two businessmen.,二者相比较时，比较级前用定冠词，三者或三者以上才用,most,，所以把,most,改为,more.,30/120,24,He works less harder than he used to.,表不如,时用,less,加上形容词和副词原级，所以把,harder,改为,hard.,31/120,25,The book is fairly more interesting than that one.,fairly,只能修饰形容词和副词原级，能够修饰比较级副词或短语有：,much,even,still,far,a lot,a little,a bit,any,no,by far,rather,等，所以把,fairly,改为,rather.,32/120,26,This is as an interesting a story as the one in the magazine.,as as,中间词序是,as,加上形容词加上,a(n),加上名词再加上,as,，所以应改为,as interesting a story as the one.,33/120,27,The weather here is nicer than Xizang.,一样事物才能相比较，,weather,和,Xizang,不含有可比性，所以应改为,The weather here is nicer than that of Xizang.,34/120,28,Tom studies English harder than any student in his class.,Tom,属于他班级里一员，与班里任何一个人相比时应把本身排除掉，在,any,后加上,other.,35/120,29,I would rather take a train than went by bus.,这个词组为,would rather do than do,，所以把,went,改为,go.,36/120,30,Is there interesting anything at the meeting?,修饰,anything,something,every-thing,nothing,形容词都要放在它们后面。,37/120,31,I never have seen such a person before.,像,never,之类副词在句中应放在,be,动词、助动词之后，实意动词之前。因为应改为,I have never seen such a person before.,38/120,32,The book is worth to be read.,be worth doing,意为值得被做。所以改为,The book is worth reading.,39/120,33,It is sure that he will succeed.,sure,主语只能为人，而,certain,主语可为人和物。所以把,sure,改为,certain.,40/120,34,He is regarded as one of the best alive writers at present.,alive,为表语形容词，偶然也做后置定语。所以把,alive,改为,living,，或把,alive,放在,writers,后面。,41/120,35,I dont know that he has finished the work yet.,yet,用于否定和疑问句，,already,用于必定句。把,yet,改为,already.,42/120,36,He said nearly nothing at the meeting.,nearly,不是否定词用在同一个句子中，而,almost,能够。所以把,nearly,改为,almost.,43/120,（六）介词,44/120,37,He usually goes to school by his fathers car.,by,加上名词表示一个交通方式，中间什么都不加，如,by car,by bus,by plane,等；假如名词前有其它词修饰，则应除,by,以外其它介词，此处把,by,改为,in.,45/120,38,Please wait me at the school gate.,wait,为不及物动词，需加介词,for,后才能再跟名词或代词做宾语。,46/120,39,He has been married with Betty for more than twenty years.,marry,不跟,with,连用，应把,with,改为,to,。,47/120,40,I finished the work on time under the help of him.,“,在,帮助下”用,with,而不用,under,。,48/120,（七）情态动词,49/120,41,He can be at home now because the light in his room is still on.,表尤其有把握必定判断时用,must,，表尤其有把握否定判断时用,can,can,表判断时只用在否定句中。所以把,can,改为,must,。,50/120,42,He need come here before the meeting begins.,作情态动词时,need,用在否定，疑问和条件句中，不能用于必定句中，而作实意动词时则能够。所以应改为：,He needs to come here before the meeting begins.,51/120,43,He used to get up very early in the morning,and now he is still doing so.,used to,用来表示过去经常做某事而现在不了，所以应把后半句改为：,but now he is not doing so.,52/120,44,I neednt come yesterday because all the work had been finished.,因为情态动词本身不表达时态，所以在谈论过去事情时在情态动词后加,have done,，所以在,neednt,后加,have,。,53/120,45,You hadnt better stay up too late because you have to get up early tomorrow.,had better,否定在,better,后面加,not.,54/120,（八）动词时态,英语惯用时态有十六种，普通依据上下文和时间状语来确定时态。,55/120,46,I will tell her about that when she will come tomorrow.,主句为未来时，其时间,、,条件,、,方式和让步状语从句中用普通现在时。所以将,will come,改为,comes,。,56/120,47,The meeting is about to begin in ten minutes.,be about to,普通不与详细时间状语连用。所以把,in ten minutes,去掉。,57/120,48,The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looking at the captain and then died.,此处,look,并非伴随状语，而是三个并列谓语动词，所以把,looking,改为,looked,。,58/120,49,I have bought this bike for ten years and I am still using it now.,当句中有,for,加一段时间作状语时，谓语动词必须为延续性动词，此处把,bought,改为,kept,。,59/120,50,I havent learnt any English before I came here.,我来这儿已经是过去动作，在此之前发生事应该用过去完成时。所以应把,havent,改为,hadnt,。,60/120,（九）动词语态,及物动词用在主动语态时要有宾语，所以能够变为被动语态；不及物动词用于主动语态时不能接宾语，所以无被动语态。,61/120,51,The two thieves have been disappeared.,disappear,为不及物动词，所以不能用于被动语态。所以把,been,去掉。,62/120,52,The building built now will be our teaching building.,表“现在正在建”应用被动语态正在进行时，所以在,built,前加,being,。,63/120,53,He is being operated by the famous doctor.,主动语态变为被动语态时，应注意短语动词完整性，别忘了介词或副词。“给,做手术”应为,operate on sb,，所以在,operated,后加上,on,。,64/120,54,I wonder if the doctor has been sent.,原因同上，应在,sent,后加上,for,。,65/120,55,The book written by him is sold well.,说一本书畅销是指书本身属性，所以不用被动语态。本句应改为：,The book written by him sells well.,66/120,56,This history book is worthy reading.,“,值得被做”能够有以下几个说法：,be worth doing;be worthy of being done;be worthy to be done,.,所以本句应该为：,This history book is worthy to be read.,67/120,（十）非谓语动词,68/120,57,We are going to talk about the problem discussing at the last meeting.,此处为分词作定语，问题应该被讨论，所以把,discussing,改为,discussed,。,69/120,58,The girl dressed herself in red is my sister.,dress,为及物动词，意为“给,穿衣服”，此处为分词作定语修饰,girl,girl,应是它逻辑宾语，所以把,herself,去掉。,70/120,59,Being seriously ill,his class-mates sent him to hospital.,分词作状语时，其逻辑主语为这句话主语，此句应为“因为他病了，他同学才把他送到医院去”，所以把前半句改为：,He being seriously ill.,71/120,60,Having not seen her for many years,we could hardly recognize her.,现在分词否定应把,not,放在现在分词前面，所以前半句应改为：,Not having seen her for many years.,72/120,61,Seeing from the space,the earth looks like a ball.,分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是这句话主语，此句中地球应该被看，所以把,Seeing,改为,Seen,。,73/120,62,English is easy to learn it.,此句中是不定式作状语修饰,easy,English,应该是,learn,逻辑宾语，所以把,it,去掉。,74/120,63,I will get somebody repair the recorder for you.,“,让某人做某事”能够有以下几个表示法：,make sb do sth,;,have sb do sth,;,get sb to sth,.,所以在,repair,前加,to,。,75/120,64,She decided to work harder in order to not fall behind the others.,不定式否定把,not,放在,to,前面。所以应改为：,She decided to work harder in order not to fall behind the others.,76/120,65,Its better to laugh than crying.,表比较时比较双方应为同种结构，或都是名词或都是不定式。所以有两种改法：,Its better to laugh than to cry,或,Its better laughing than crying.,77/120,66,Its no use to send for the doctor.,做某事是没用要说成,Its no use doing,所以把,to send,改为,sending,。,78/120,67,She practices to play the piano after school every day.,practise,后只跟动名词作宾语，所以把,to play,改为,playing,。,79/120,68,When the teacher came in,he stopped listening to the teacher.,stop doing,为停顿做这件事，而,stop to do,为停下来正在做事去做这件事。所以后半句应该为：,he stopped to listen to the teacher.,80/120,（十一）名词性从句,81/120,69,We are talking about if this plan should be carried out.,If,和,whether,都能够引导动词宾语从句，假如从句做是介词宾语，只能用,whether,引导。所以把,if,改为,whether,。,82/120,70,I can not decide if to stay or not.,只有,whether,才能和不定式搭配使用。所以把,if,改为,whether,。,83/120,71,My suggestion is we try for a second time.,表语从句引导词如为,that,，普通不省略。所以在,we,前加上,that,。,84/120,72,What will the professor say is not known yet.,名词性从句语序都是陈说句语序。所以应改为：,What the professor will say is not known yet.,85/120,（十二）状语从句,86/120,73,I will go unless he invites me.,此句意为“除非他邀请我，不然我不去。”而,unless,相当于,if not,所以本句应改成：,I wont go unless he invites me,。,87/120,74,Although he tried,but he still couldnt keep up with the others.,although,和,but,不能同时用在一句话中，去掉任何一个都能够。,88/120,75,I wont stay until he comes back.,含有,notuntil,句子谓语动词应是点动词，含有,until,必定句动词应是延续性动词，此句有两种改法：,I will stay until he comes back.,或,I wont leave until he comes back.,89/120,（十三）定语从句,90/120,76,An orphan is a child whos parents are dead.,定语从句中表“,”引导词只有,whose,，所以把,whos,改为,whose,。,91/120,77,This is the very thing which I lost yesterday.,假如先行词为物且前有,the only,the last,the very,修饰时，定语从句引导词只能用,that,。,92/120,78,This is the car for that I paid a high price.,定语从句先行词为物，而且引导词放在介词后时，只能用,which.,93/120,79,She is one of the students who has passed the exam.,定语从句修饰,one of,加上复数名词时，复数名词是定语从句先行词，所以把,has,改为,have,。,94/120,80,This is the place where we visited last year.,定语从句先行词用关系代词还是关系副词要看定语从句中缺不缺主语或宾语，如缺用关系代词，如不缺用关系副词。此句中,visit,为及物动词，后无宾语，所以把,where,改为,which,或,that,。,95/120,81,I,who is your friend,can understand you.,定语从句谓语动词应与其先行词保持一致，所以把,is,改为,am,。,96/120,82,China is a developing country,that is known to all.,非限定性定语从句引导词永远不会是,that,，所以把,that,改为,which,或,as,。,97/120,（十四）主谓一致,98/120,83,The poet and writer are invited to give a speech at the meeting.,poet,和,writer,共用一个冠词，指是一个人身兼二职，所以谓语动词应为单数。把,are,改为,is.,99/120,84,No one except my parents know it.,主语后加,except,再加上若干数量名词，谓语动词和主语保持一致。所以把,know,改为,knows,。类似使用方法词或短语有：,but,besides,with,together with,along with,as well as,等等。,100/120,85,Your clothes is on the table over there.,clothes,为复数句词，谓语动词应为复数。把,is,改为,are,。,101/120,86,The number of the students in that school are about one thousand.,此名主语为,number,而不是,students,。所以把,are,改为,is,。,102/120,87,The class was watching TV when I entered the room.,class,作主语时，把它看成一个整体时谓语动词用单数，看成每一个组员个体行为时谓语动词用复数。普通来说，一些详细行为如看电视、吃饭、洗澡等都属于每一个组员个体行为。此处把,was,改为,were,。,103/120,88,The population of our country are increasing slowly now.,population,单独作主语谓语动词经惯用单数；假如其前有分数或百分数，而且后面又有复数名词时谓语动词用复数。如：,One fifth of the Chinese population are workers.,此处把,are,改为,is,。,104/120,（十五）倒装,105/120,89,No sooner he had reached the station than the train left.,no sooner,为否定副词，放于句首时句子要部分倒装，所以此句应改为：,No sooner had he reached the station than the train left.,106/120,90,Here comes he.,here,放于句首时，句子主谓要完全倒装，但句子主语为代词时，则主谓不倒装。此句应改为：,Here he comes.,107/120,91,A child as he is,he can speak five languages.,用,as,引导让步状语从句，可把形容词,、,副词和不带冠词名词放于,as,前。所以前半句改为：,Child as he is.,108/120,（十六）虚拟语气,109/120,92,She would have come if we invited her.,这是与过去事实相反虚拟假设，从句应该用过去完成时。所以在,we,后加,had.,110/120,93,My suggestion is that we would send a few people to help them.,suggestion,表语从句也应用虚拟语气，必须用,should,加动词原形，,should,能够省略。此处去掉,would,或把,would,改为,should,。,111/120,94,The secretary wishes that she has time to type the letter now.,wish,后时态应该把真实时态往后推一个时态，所以把,has,改为,had,。,112/120,95,Its time that we go to bed.,句式为,Its time sb did sth,所以把,go,改为,went,。,113/120,96,I would rather you have another try tomorrow.,词组为,would rather sb did sth.,所以把,have,改为,had,。,114/120,（十七）,there be,句式,115/120,97,There are a bag and several books on the table.,There be,句式遵照谓语动词就近标准，,a bag,为单数，所以把,are,改为,is,。,116/120,98,There were several people stood at the back of the room.,There be,句式谓语动词为,be,动词，句中其它动词应为非谓语动词。所以把,stood,改为,standing.,117/120,（十八）修饰语在句中位置不妥,118/120,99,We almost have written twenty compositions this term.,像,almost,这么副词在句中放在助动词,be,动词之后，实意动词之前。所以把,almost,放在,have,后面。,119/120,100,The girl has beautiful,silky hair who lives high in the mountains.,定语从句应紧跟先行词，所以改为：,The girl,who lives high in the mountains,has beautiful,silky hair.,120/120,