Empire State Building.doc

帝国大厦
Empire State Building
帝国大厦在1931年—1972年曾是全世界最高的大楼。*
In 1972, 1931, the Empire State Building was the world's tallest building.
所在地:美国纽约州曼哈顿第五大道350号
Location: 350 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, New York, USA
建造期间:1929 – 1931
Construction:period 1929 - 1931
高度: 1,472英尺（448.7米）
Height:1,472 feet (448.7 m)
屋顶:1,250英尺（381米）
Roof:1,250 feet (381 meters)
最高楼层:1,224 ft (373.2 m)
The highest floor:1,224 ft (373.2 m)
楼层数:102
Floors:102
楼板面积:2,768,591平方英尺（257,000平方米）
Floor area:2,768,591 square feet (257,000 square meters)
花费:$40,948,900美元（20世纪30年代币值）
Spend:$ 40,948,900 dollars (currency) in the 1930s
建筑师:Shreve, Lamb and Harmon
Architects:Shreve, Lamb and Harmon,
契包商:Starrett Brothers and Eken
Lease contractors  Starrett Brothers and Eken

帝国大厦，是位于美国纽约曼哈顿一栋著名的摩天大楼，位于第五大道350号，西33街与西34街之间，楼名源于纽约州的昵称“帝国州”，英文原意实际上是“纽约州大厦”或“帝国州大厦”，但由于帝国大厦的译法已广泛流传，故沿用至今。帝国大厦是美国及纽约市最著名的地标和旅游景点之一，帝国大厦目前是美国、美洲第3高，世界第15高的摩天大楼，地上102层，楼高381米，于1951年增添的天线高62米，总高443米，由Shreeve, Lamb, and Harmon建筑公司设计，为装饰艺术风格建筑，大楼于1930年动工，1931年落成，建造过程仅用了410天（一年又2个月内），是世界上罕见的建造速度纪录。
The Empire State Building is located in Manhattan, New York, USA, a well-known skyscrapers, located in 350 Fifth Avenue, between West 33 Street and West 34th Street,F, derives its name from the nickname of the New York State Empire State, English is actually intended New York State Building or the Empire State Building, but due to the translation of the Empire State Building has been widely circulated, it is still in use today.Empire State Building is one of the United States and New York City's most famous landmarks and tourist attractions, the Empire State Building, the United States, third highest of the Americas, the world's first 15 skyscrapers on the ground 102 layer height of 381 meters in 1951 to add antenna[1] height of 62 meters and a total height of 443 meters, designed by Shreeve, Lamb, and Harmon construction company for the art Deco style building, the building was started in 1930, completed in 1931, the construction process took only 410 days (one year and two month), is a rare building the world's speed record.
帝国大厦已被美国土木工程师学会评价为现代世界七大工程奇迹之一，纽约地标委员会选其为纽约市地标，1986年该建筑被认定为美国国家历史地标，目前大厦在进行巨额费用的改建，正在努力转变为一个更加节能的环保绿建筑。
Empire State Building has been evaluation[2] by the American Society of Civil Engineers as one of the seven engineering marvels of the modern world, the New York Landmarks Commission selected for the New York Local Taxation standard, in 1986 the building was identified as a U.S. National Historic standard, the current building during the remodeling of the substantial costs is trying to shift to a more energy-efficient environmentally friendly green building.
历史History
帝国大厦的地址在18世纪后期本是一个农场。在那时此处还有一条小溪流过，并流入一个翻车鱼池塘内。19世纪后期，这里曾建过社会名流经常光顾的华道夫-阿斯多里亚酒店。
The address of the Empire State Building in the late 18th century, this is a farm. However, when here there is a small stream and into a bluegill pond. The late 1800s, had built the celebrities frequented the Waldorf - Astoria.
建筑设计与建设Architectural design and construction
来自Shreeve, Lamb, and Harmon建筑公司的设计师威廉•F•兰博负责建筑的主要设计。在前人的设计基础上，他仅花了两周的时间便构成了建筑图纸。
Designer William F • Rambo from Shreeve, Lamb, and Harmon construction company responsible[3] for the main design of the building. The design on the basis of their predecessors, he only spent two weeks constitutes the architectural drawings.
帝国大厦是富豪拉斯各布决意修建的。最初的计划是建一幢看上去低矮结实的34层大厦，后来又作过16次修改，最后才采纳了富豪拉斯各布的“铅笔型” 方案。也有人说最后定下的102层建筑方案是世界空中轮廊线的杰作。最终采取的方案使得建筑十分牢固。根据估算，建造帝国大厦的材料约有330000吨。 大厦总共拥有6500个窗户、73部电梯，从底层步行至顶层须经过1860级台阶。它的总建筑面积为204,385平方米。
The Empire State Building is built rich Las cloth determined. The original plan was to build a look strong low 34-story building, and later made ​​16 changes, and finally adopted the "pencil type" programs of the rich Las cloth. It was also said that the final set of 102-story building program is a masterpiece of world air contour line. Ultimately[4] taken by the program has resulted in very strong construction. According to estimates, the materials to build the Empire State Building is about 330,000 tons. The building has a total of 6500 windows, 73 elevators, subject to 1860 steps from the bottom walk to the top. The total construction area of ​​204,385 square meters.
第一次对外宣布建楼计划声称这幢大厦的高度“接近300米”。这样做其实是故意迷惑他人。拉斯各布生怕克莱斯勒抢了他的风头，要在第86层的顶部加 一个61米的飞艇碇泊塔，把整个建筑物的高度增加到381米。在一次飞艇停泊时，海军飞艇上喷射出来的压仓水把几个街区以外的行人都弄得浑身透湿，最后不得不拆除了这个碇泊塔。
First announced the plan of construction of buildings claimed that the height of this building, "close to 300 m. To do so is deliberately confusing others. Las cloth for fear that Chrysler has robbed him of his thunder, plus a 61 m airship anchorage tower on top of the layer 86, the entire building height to 381 meters. The first airship moored naval airship jet out of the ballast water to a few blocks away, pedestrian noses, and covered water vapor permeability[5], and finally had to dismantle this anchorage tower.
1930年1月22日项目开始动工，大厦于同年3月17日开始建筑。项目涉及了3400名工人的劳动，工人主要是欧洲移民，也包括数百名蒙特利尔附近的北美原住民。根据官方统计，施工过程中共有五名工人身亡。帝国大厦的建设速度是每星期建4层半。这在当时的技术水平下，已算是惊人的了。整座大厦最后提前了5个月落成启用，比预计的 5000万美元减少了10%，所用材料包括5660立方米的印第安那州石灰岩和花岗岩，1000万块砖和730吨铝和不锈钢。
January 22, 1930 the project commenced, building on March 17 in the same year to begin construction. The project involves 3400 workers' labor, the workers were mainly European immigrants, including hundreds of Montreal near the North American aborigines. According to official statistics, a total of five workers killed in the construction process. The pace of construction of the Empire State Building built four and a half floors per week. The technical level at the time, has been regarded as alarming. The whole building ahead of the last 5 months of opening, 10 percent less than the projected $ 50 million, the materials used, including 5660 cubic meters of Indiana limestone and granite, 10 million bricks and 730 tons of aluminum and stainless steel.
1931年5月1日，帝国大厦正式落成，美国总统赫伯特•胡佛在首都华盛顿特区亲自按下电钮，点亮大厦灯光。
May 1, 1931, the Empire State Building was inaugurated U.S. President Herbert Hoover in Washington, DC to personally press the button, lit Building lighting.
开放Open
2005年春季观景台俯瞰纽约市全景图
Viewing platform overlooking the panorama of New York City in the spring of 2005
由于大厦落成之时，恰好处于经济大萧条时期，而且大厦地址远离公共交通，使得许多办公室在1940年代之前一直空置，它在早期也因此被戏称为“空国大厦”
Since the completion of the building, just in the economy during the Great Depression, and the building address away from public transportation, many office has been vacant[6] until the 1940s, at an early stage and thus dubbed the "Empty State Building"
事故Accident
帝国大厦除有多达30人次在此跳楼自杀外，也有不少火灾事故发生，其中最为严重的一次即是B-25撞机事件。
Empire State Building unless there up to 30 people committed suicide outside, there are many fire accidents, one of the most serious one is the B-25 aircraft collision[7] incident.
圣诞节从GE大楼望去，帝国大厦的红绿色灯光
Christmas from the GE Building, looked red and green lights of the Empire State Building
1945年7月28日上午9：45，由一位中校驾驶的B-25米切尔型轰炸机由于当天的浓雾在空中迷失，撞向了大厦北侧79层与80层，美国全国天主教福利会所在地。飞机的一个发动机飞到了另一座临近建筑的天台上，引发的大火烧毁了一间阁楼。其他的发动机和部分起落架掉入了电梯井。由此产生的大火将近40分钟后被扑灭，14人在事故中遇难[12][13]。尽管如此，在两天后的周一，大厦的其他楼层继续正常运作。
9:45 am on July 28, 1945, driven by a Lieutenant Colonel B-25 Mitchell bomber lost the day of thick fog in the air, crashed into a building north side of 79 layers and 80 layers, the U.S. National Catholic welfare Association is located. An engine of the aircraft flew to another near the rooftop of the building, caused by the fire destroyed an attic. The other engine[8] and part of the landing gear fell into the elevator shaft. The resulting nearly 40 minutes after the fire extinguished, 14 people were killed in an accident. Nevertheless, on Monday, two days after the other floors of the building continues to function normally.
一年之后，又有一架飞机与大厦擦身而过，险些发生事故
A year later, the aircraft and building and a passing, almost an accident
荣誉Honor
帝国大厦是目前纽约市最高的建筑
The Empire State Building in New York City, the tallest building in
在帝国大厦兴建之前，克莱斯勒大厦是全球最高的建筑。而帝国大厦在1971年莫斯科奥斯坦金诺电视塔建成之前一直是世界最高建筑，并在1972年世界贸易中心北楼建成之前，一直是世界最高大楼并拥有全球最高的观景台。
Before the construction of the Empire State Building, Chrysler Building, the tallest building in the world. Empire State Building in Moscow, Oslo Tan Jinnuo Tower built in 1971 has been the world's tallest building, and before the World Trade Center, North Building, built in 1972, has been the tallest building in the world and has the world's highest observation[9] deck.
在2001年911事件中世界贸易中心双厦相继倒塌之后，帝国大厦再度成为纽约最高建筑，也是首座两度（1931年、2001年）成为纽约市最高建筑的大楼。目前它是美国第二高的建筑，名列芝加哥的西尔斯大楼之后。帝国大厦原本总高381米，1950年代安装的天线使其尖顶高度加至443.2米。
Dual-Ha, the World Trade Center after the collapse[10] of the events of September 11, 2001, the Empire State Building once again become the tallest building in New York, is also the first twice (1931, 2001) to become the tallest building in New York City Building. It is currently the second highest building in the United States, ranking after the Sears Tower in Chicago. Empire State Building was originally 381 m total height of the antenna installed in the 1950s, so the cusp height to 443.2 meters.
相关影视作品 Related television programs and movies
帝国大厦的顶层一直是诸多影视作品取景的地方，其中最为著名的包括《金刚》和《西雅图不眠夜》等经典电影。
The top of the Empire State Building has been shooting many film and television works, one of the most famous classic movies, including "King Kong" and "Seattle Sleepless".
• 1933年的电影《金刚》及2005年的《金刚》重拍版中，金刚最后都是爬到帝国大厦顶端，然后被战斗机攻击身受重伤、摔落地面而死。
• the 1933 film "King Kong" and 2005's "King Kong" remake, King Kong last all climbed to the top of the Empire State Building, then to be the fighter attack was seriously injured, dropped the ground and died.
• 一部名为《帝国大厦》的试验性纪录片，长达8小时对准帝国大厦摄影。
• an experimental documentary called "Empire State Building", the photography of up to eight hours at the Empire State Building.
• 2010年的电影《波西杰克森：神火之贼》中，帝国大厦成为了连接奥林帕斯山的通道。
• the 2010 film "Percy Jackson: The Lightning Thief", the Empire State Building has become a channel connecting Mount Olympus.

[1]
antenna [æn'tenə]
n. [电讯] 天线；[动] 触角，[昆] 触须
[ 复数 antennae或antennas ]
[电讯] 天线
天线（Antenna）：在标签和读读器间传递射频信号。 电子标签中一般保存有约定格式的电子数据，在实际应用中，电子标签附着 在待识别物体的表面。
[动] 触角
标志杆
接收天线
antenna array 天线阵
array antenna 阵列天线
receiving antenna n. 接收天线
satellite antenna 卫星天线
dipole antenna 偶极天线
They erected a television antenna on the roof.
他们在屋顶上竖起了电视天线。
They erected a television antenna on the roof.
他们在屋顶上架起了电视天线。
He said he would head the antenna with a ball.
他说他还要给天线安个圆头。
[2]
evaluation [i,vælju'eiʃən]
n. 评价；[审计] 评估；估价；求值
comprehensive evaluation 综合评价，综合评价法
performance evaluation 性能评估；性能赋值
evaluation model 评价模型
quality evaluation 质量评定；品质评价；品质评估
safety evaluation 安全性评价
Evaluation: What do you have?
评估：您有什么？
How will this affect your next performance evaluation?
这将如何影响您下一步的性能评价？
If the operators all have the same precedence, then the order of evaluation depends on their associativity.
如果所有操作符优先级一样，那么求值顺序就取决于它们的 结合性。
[3]
responsible [ri'spɔnsəbl]
adj. 负责的，可靠的；有责任的
responsible for 是…的原由；为…负责
responsible person 负责人
be responsible to sb 对某人负责
responsible department 负责单位
responsible official n. 负责人
Our duty is to hold ourselves responsible to the people.
我们的责任， 是向人民负责。
The teachers are responsible to the school administration.
教师向学校行政负责。
He is responsible for canvassing the village for subscriptions to the evening paper.
他负责这个村征求晚报的订户。
[4]
ultimately ['ʌltimətli]
adv. 最后；根本；基本上
ultimately dense 终归稠密的
Ultimately Failed 最终还失败 ; 最终失败 ; 最终未能成功
ultimately bounded 终究有界
You’re working, ultimately, for you and your family.
你在工作基本上是为了你和你的家人。
With no support and ultimately no government, what can you expect?
没有援助，最根本的是没有政府，你还能期待什么？
There is no such thing as a person whose real self you like every particle of. This is why a world of liking is ultimately a lie.
你不可能像爱一个人那样爱上一个东西的全部，因此一个以爱好为出发点的世界从根本上来说就是个谎言。
[5]
permeability [,pə:miə'biliti]
n. 渗透性；透磁率，导磁系数；弥漫
low permeability 低透水性
air permeability 透气性；空气磁导率
relative permeability 相对渗透率；相对磁导率；空间磁导率
permeability coefficient 渗透系数；渗滤系数；透气系数；磁导系数
gas permeability 透气性
The most interesting dimension of this is what Google Search Appliance says about the increasing permeability of a company and the outside world.
其中，最有趣的一点是谷歌搜索设备所反映的“公司和外部世界日益增加的渗透性”。
If the coal is soft and of “low permeability”, the gas will not easily flow into the pipes drilled underground, even with recent advances in drilling technology.
如果煤炭质地较软，且“渗透性较低”，即便利用最新的先进钻探技术，甲烷也不会轻易流入地下管道。
The idea behind enhanced, or engineered, geothermal systems is to inject water underground to enhance the permeability of rock, allowing for the release and capture of more heat.
增强型的或是工程型的地热系统将水注入到地下，使岩石的渗透性提高，这样便可以吸收或释放更多热量。
[6]
vacant ['veikənt]
adj. 空虚的；空的；空缺的；空闲的；茫然的
vacant space 空舱位；未用空间
vacant room 空房
vacant position 职位空缺；空座
vacant land 空地；闲置地
vacant lot 空地
Please leave the front row of seats vacant.
请把前面一排座位空出来。
There are many vacant seats in the carriage.
车厢里空得很。
The Information Ministry has long been viewed as an integral part of the state propaganda apparatus, and many believed the position, which had not been filled for five months, would remain vacant.
信息部长期以来一直被视为是埃及国家宣传机器的组成部分，并且许多人认为，这个五个月都没有人选的位置将会一直保持空缺。
[7]
collision
n. （意见，看法）的抵触，冲突
collision detection [计]碰撞检测；[计]冲突检出
collision avoidance 碰撞避免，冲突避免
in collision 相撞；在冲突中
collision course 导致冲突的轨迹；碰撞航向
collision accident 碰撞事故；空中相撞事故
The collision foundered the ship.
相撞使这条船沉没。
So we have a collision.
那么我们有一个碰撞。
This collision had a very unusual cause.
这次冲突有着非同寻常的原因。
[8]
engine ['endʒin]
n. 引擎，发动机；机车，火车头；工具
diesel engine 柴油机（等于diesel）
search engine 搜索引擎
gasoline engine 汽油机，汽油发动机
engine oil 机器润滑油
combustion engine 内燃机；燃烧机；内燃机燃烧机
Press this button to start the engine.
要开动发动机就按这个按钮。
I waited in the car while idling the engine.
我在汽车里待着而让发动机空转着。
At last the engine of my car sputtered out on the way to the border.
在开往边境的路上，我的汽车发动机发出爆裂声后熄掉了。
[9]
observation [,ɔbzə:'veiʃən]
n. 观察；监视；观察报告
field observation 野外观测；实地观察
observation system 观测系统
observation method 观察法
experimental observation 实验观察
meteorological observation 气象观测
Every observation we make involves the exchange of energy.
我们所做的每个观测,包含了能量的交换。
When experiments are to be made, one cannot rely too much upon the human senses to make accurate observation.
在做实验时，不能过分依靠人类的感觉去做精确的观察。
Well, the first observation is that the velocity vector what can I say about the velocity vector of this motion?
首先，第一个观察到的就是速度向量,关于这个运动中的速度向量，我可以说点什么呢？
[10]
collapse [kə'læps]
vi. 倒塌；瓦解；暴跌
vt. 使倒塌，使崩溃；使萎陷
n. 倒塌；失败；衰竭
collapse mechanism 破坏机构
collapse strength 抗挤强度；破裂强度
collapse load 损毁荷载，极限载荷；破坏负荷；临界纵向荷载
They do like to collapse.
它们确实喜欢崩溃。
The earthquake was the occasion of the building's collapse.
地震是房屋倒塌的起因。
The economy of this nation was brought into a state of disaster, and for a time even on the brink of collapse.
这个国家的经济被弄得百孔千疮， 一时甚至面临崩溃。