好句型分享 (2).docx

句型1
would rather that somebody did…
“宁愿……；更愿意……”（表示现在或将来的愿望）
would rather that somebody had done…
“宁愿……；更愿意……”（表示过去的愿望）
[例句]
I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。
I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。

句型2
as if/though+主语+did/had done…
好像……（表示现在或将来的情况用过去时；表示过去的情况用过去完成时）
[例句]
Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class like her.
我们的班主任对待我们就像对待自己的孩子，所以班里所有的学生都很喜欢她。
Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.
Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。

句型3
“wish+宾语从句”，表示不大可能实现的愿望。
表示现在的愿望：主语+过去时；
表示过去的愿望：主语+had done；
表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do
[例句]
How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves!
我们学生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己！

句型4
It’s high/about time that somebody did(should do)
(should通常不省略) … 早就该……
[例句]
It’s time that you went to school.= It’s time that you should go to school.
你上学的时间到了。
It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment.
该是我们为环保做些事情了。
I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。

句型5
… before … “过了多久才……”或“动作进行到什么程度才……”。
[例句]
They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.
他们西行50英里才看到一个村庄。
The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.
工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常。

句型6
It was+时间段+before…“过了多久才（怎么样）……”
It was not long before…“不久，就……”
[例句]
It was five days before he came back.
五天后他才回来。
It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.
不久他就意识到他处境的危险。

句型7
in case of…(+n.) “以防；万一”；
in case that…“以防；万一……”（谓语动词用一般现在时态或should+动词原形）
[例句]
In case of fire, what should we do?
万一着火了，我们该怎么办？
Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget.
万一我忘了，请提醒我。

句型8
It强调句型
强调句的基本构成：It is/was+被强调的部分+that/ who（主要指人时）+其余部分
[注意1]
这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语（包括时间、地点、方式、原因等），但是不能强调谓语动词。
原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态，用It is…that/who…；
原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，用It was…that/who…；
强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用when, where或how，必须用that。
[例句]
I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
→It was I that/who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调主语）
→It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.（强调地点状语）
→It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street.（强调时间状语）
→It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调宾语）
[注意2]强调句的疑问结构
一般疑问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who…?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who…?
[例句1]
I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
→When was it that you saw him in the street?
→Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon?
→Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon?
[例句2]
I don’t know when he will come back.
→I don’t know when it is that he will come back.（宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序）
— How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith?
你是怎么和Smith先生联系上的？
— Through a friend of mine. 通过我的一个朋友。

句型9
1. 祈使句（表条件）+or/or else/otherwise+主句（表结果）… “否则……；要不然……”
2. 祈使句（表条件）+and+主句（表结果）
[例句]
Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class. 快点，不然不要迟到了。
Think it over and you will find the answer. 想一想，你就会找到答案

句型10
…until…“直到……时候”；
not…until…“直到……才……”
[例句]
You are to stay until/till your mother comes back.
你得等到你妈妈回来。
The meeting was put off until ten o’clock.
会议推迟到十点钟。
He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.
直到他妈妈回来他才上床睡觉。
句型11
unless…“除非，如果不……”
[例句]
I shall go tomorrow unless it rains.
如果不下雨，我明天去。
I won’t go unless he comes to invite me himself.
除非他本人来邀请我，不然我是不会去的。

句型12
while引导的从句
while除了有“当/在……时候”的意思外（注意：句子的谓语动词只能是延续性动词），另外的两层意思也是考查的重点：
(1)while=although“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句；
(2)while的意思是“然而，可是”，常用来表达对比关系。
[例句]
While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that it can’t be solved.
尽管我承认这个问题很难，但是我并不认为无法解决。
There’re plenty of rain in the southeast, while there’s little in the northeast.
东南部雨量充足，而东北部则很少下雨。

句型13
(1)疑问词+ever：whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however用来引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how连用。
[例句]
Whatever (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope.
无论发生什么事，我们都不能失去希望。
Whenever (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday.
此事无论发生在何时，但绝不是昨天。
(2)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等引导名词性从句，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。
[例句]
Take whichever you want.
你要哪个就拿哪个。
We will do whatever we can to help him out.
我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境。

倒装结构
句型14
全倒装句型(一)
here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副词放在句首，句子需要全部倒装。
[例句]
There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 铃响了!
Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽车来了。
Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 该轮到你发言了。
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我们期盼的时刻到了。
[注意]
(1)在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。
(2)主语是人称代词时不要倒装。如：Away he went. 他走远了。

句型15
全倒装句型(二)
表示方位的状语放在句首，句子全倒装；谓语动词多为be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop 等不及物动词。
[例句]
In front of the house stopped a police car.
房子的前面停着一辆警车。
Around the corner walks a young policeman.
拐角处有个年轻的警察在行走。
Under the tree sat a boy of about ten.
树下坐着一个大约10岁的男孩。

句型16
全倒装句型(三)
（表语）adj./v-ing/v-ed+（地点状语）+be（或其他动词形式）…
[例句]
Present at the meeting were the manager, all the designers and the writer.
出席会议的有经理，设计师和词作者。
Sitting at the back of the classroom were several old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher.
坐在教室后面的是几位老教师，他们在认真地听新教师的课。
Hidden behind the door were some naughty children.
有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面。

句型17
半倒装句(一)
否定意义的副词或短语放在句首，句子半倒装。
这样的副词主要有：little, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, never, not at all, by no means(决不), at no time(在任何时候都不), nowhere, in no case (无论如何都不), on no condition(决不)等。
[例句]
At no time was the man aware of what was happening.
那个人根本没有注意到发生的情况。
Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.
我那时几乎没有明白他对我说的话。
On no condition should you visit that place.
你决不能去那个地方。

句型18
半倒装句(二)
not only…, but also…（前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装）
[例句]
They suggested not only should we attend the party but also give a performance.
他们建议我们不仅要参加晚会，还要进行表演。
Not only should we students study hard, we also should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time.
我们学生不仅要学习好，还要应该知道在课余时间怎样享受生活。

句型19
半倒装句(三)
neither, nor放在句首
[例句]
If you don’t go to see the movie, neither will I.
如果你不去看电影，我也不去。
— Why didn’t you buy the jacket?
— Neither was the price satisfactory, nor did the color agree with me.
— 你为什么不买那件夹克呢？
— 价格不能令人满意，颜色也不太适合我。

句型20
半倒装句(四)
“only+状语”放在句首，句子半倒装
[例句]
Only when the war was over did he return to work.
直到战争结束他才回去工作。
Only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army.
你只有到了18岁才能参军。
[注意]
这种结构的倒装只在only引导状语的时候使用，only引导主语的时候不用倒装。
Only in this way can you work out the problem. 你只有用这种方法才能做出题目。
Only this way can help you work out the problem. 只有这种方法才能帮你做出题目。