中考英语专题复习专题二_代词.doc

2009年中考复习*专题复习 代词
专题二 代词
知识清单
常考点清单一
一、人称代词
1.人称代词的主格、宾格，表格如下：
数
人称
格
单数
复数
一
二
三
一
二
三
主格
I
you
She, he, it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
her , him , it
us
you
them
人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。
I love my country.
She is a good student.
人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。
I don’t know her.
His mother is waiting for him outside.
— Who is it?
— It’s me.
3. 人称代词的语序
几个人称代词并列充当主语时，他们的顺序是：
单数形式（二、三、一） you, he and I
复数形式（一、二、三） we, you and they
二、物主代词
1. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，表格如下：
数
人称
词义
类型
单数
复数
一
二
三
一
二
三
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs

2. 形容词性物主代词在句中做定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。
His parents are both office workers.
My name is Jack
3. 名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已提及的名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
— This is my dictionary. Where is yours?
— It’s over there, on the bed.
My idea is quite different from hers.
4. 名词性物主代词可用在of后面作定语，相当于“of+名词所有格”，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。
He is a friend of mine. (我的一个朋友)
三、反身代词
1. 反身代词的单复数形式表格如下：
数
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself我自己
ourselves我们自己
第二人称
Yourself你自己
yourselves你们自己
第三人称
himself他自己
herself她自己
itself它自己
他们自己
themselves 她们自己
它们自己

2. 反身代词的用法
The little boy is too young to look after himself. (作宾语)
I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party. (作宾语)
The children made model planes themselves. (作同位语)
Please help yourself to some fish. (作宾语)
3. 反身代词的常用词组
teach oneself 自学
learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得高兴
help oneself to 随便吃……
come to oneself 苏醒
hurt oneself 受伤
by oneself 亲自
四、指示代词
1. 指示代词表格如下：
单数
this
that
复数
that
those
2. 指示代词的用法
（1） this / these
① 近指。
This is my pen. These are my books.
② 指下文要提到的事。
Please remember this: No pains, no gains.
(2) that / those
① 远指。
That’s her bike.
②. 指前面刚刚提到过的事、
He was ill. That was why he didn’t go to school.
3. 打电话时用this介绍自己，that询问对方。
This is Mike speaking. 我是麦克。
Who’s that? 你是谁？
五、疑问代词的用法。
疑问代词
主要用法
例句
who
作主语、表语、宾语（作宾语时在口语中不能放在介词后）
Who wants to go with me?
Who are you talking?
whom
who的宾格形式，作宾语
Whom are you talking? / To whom are you talking?
whose
who的所有格形式，作主语、表语、宾语、定语
Whose book is this?
what / who
what询问某人的职业
— What’s your father?
— He is a worker.
who 询问某人的身份、姓名
— Who is the boy under the tree?
— He is Li Ming.
what / which
what指不定数目中的“哪一个，那一些；什么”，没有一定范围的限定
— Who is the boy under the tree?
— He is Li Ming.

which “哪一个”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物
What would you like?
[题组训练]
一、用适当的代词填空。
1. I make ______ (they, their, theirs, them) for workers.
2. The factory is very near ______ (I , my, me, mine) house.
3. What does ______ (Mr Green, Mr Green’s )do?
4. I want to buy ______ (some, any) food for supper this evening.
5. Sorry, you can’t have ______ (some, any) eggs.
6. It sells _____ (lot of, much, a lot of) things.
7. In the evening, I do ______ (your, my, his, her) homework.
8. How _____ (much, many) does it cost?
9. He has a new book, I have ______ (it, one, that), too.
10. Mother bought many oranges and gave the children two ______ (every, each, either).
11.－Can you come next Monday or Tuesday? －____ (Either, Neither, Each, Both) day is OK.
12.－ How many pandas did you see? －_____ (No one, None, Not many).
13. ______ (I, you and he, You, he and I) are good friends.
二．单项选择
1. He asked three men Bob, Joe, and ______ to be ready.
   A. I    B. herself    C. me    D. himself
2. ______ have known each other for ten years.
   A. He and I   B. I and He   C. He and you   D. I and you 
3. Listen to ______ sister!
   A. she and she’s  B. she and her  C. her and she  D. her and her
4. You’ve dropped your pencil. ______.
   A. Pick up it   B. Pick it up   C. Take up it   D. Bring it up
5. She is as tall as ____.
   A. him   B. her   C. himself   D. she 
6. What’s that girl? ________.
   A. It’s a student  B. She’s student  C. She’s a student   D. She’s a student girl
7. Jack gave _______.
   A. to her the flowers  B. the flowers to hers  C. her the flowers  D. hers the flowers
8. Their parents are ________ teachers.
   A. both       B. all       C. either     D. neither 
9. This room is ________ in the building.
   A. bigger than any other one  B. biggest than any other one 
   C. bigger than any one  D. the biggest than any other one 
10. I have four brothers. One is in Shanghai, but _______ are in Shenyang.
   A. another   B. other   C. the other   D. the others

常考点清单二
一、普通不定代词及复合不定代词
1. 初中阶段常用普通不定代词表格如下：
some, any
few, little
none,
one,
other
many, much
either, neither
each, every
both , all
2. 普通不定代词的用法
（1）some与any
Some 与any均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词：some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句。但在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议时应用some 。
There aren’t any students in the classroom.
— Would you like some coffee?
— Yes, please.
(2) many与 much
Many修饰可数名词复数，还可以与表示程度的副词 so, too, as, how 连用。much 修饰不可数名词，也可以与表示程度so, too, as, how连用。
There are too many mistakes in your exercises.
He never eats so much breakfast.
He has got too much work to do.
(3) either与 neither
Either指两个之中其中一个，neither指两个人或物中一个也不。常构成固定搭配 either / neither of +名（代）词的复数+谓语动词（第三人称单数）；当either…or… 和neither…nor…，连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
There are trees on either side of the street.
Neither of the books is good.
Either you or I am going to America.
(4) both 与all
both表示“两者都”，常与and连用；all指“三者或三者以上都”
Both she and I are students.
Both plans are good.
All of us should go there.
They all agree to stay here.
(5) each 与every
each和 every都表示“每一个”之意，each强调个体，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Every强调整体情况，修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外，each可用来指两个或两个以上的人或事物，而every只可指三个或三个以上的人或事物。
There are trees on each side of the road.
Each student passed the exam.
Each of us wears a yellow T-shirt.
(二) 复合不定代词
somebody
某人
anybody
任何人
nobody
没有人
everybody
每个人
someone
某人
anyone
任何人
no one
没有人
everyone
每人
something
某事
anything
任何事
nothing
没有东西
everything
每件事
Do you have anything special to tell me today?
你今天有什么特别的事告诉我吗？
Listen to me, boys and girls. I have something to tell you.
同学们，听我说，我有一些事情要告诉你们。
— Is there anything in the cup? 杯子里有东西吗？
— No, there is nothing. 没有，什么也没有。
注意：
1. 当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody, nobody, anyone等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词they；当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything, anything, nothing, something等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词it.
Everybody is here, aren’t they? 大家都在这，是吗？
Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了，是吗？
2. 当形容词或else(另外) 修饰复合不定代词something, everything, everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。
Xiao Ming, I have something important to tell you. 小明，我有重要的事情要告诉你。
We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一个助手。你能再给我们找一个吗？
3. everyone 的意思等同于everybody，只能指人；every one 既可指人也可指物，还可以和of 短语连用。
I would like everyone to be happy. 我希望人人都幸福
Everyone / every one likes Mary. 大家都喜欢玛丽。
I have kept every one of her letters. 我把她的每一封信都保存了下来。
She took my bottles of whisky and emptied every one down the sink.
我把我的威士忌酒一瓶一瓶全倒进水池子里去了。
二、代词it的用法
1. 指代前面提到过的事物。
This is not my book. It is Jim’s.
2. 用来代替指示代词this 或that
— What’s this?
— It’s a pencil.
3. 指婴儿或不明身份的人。
Someone is knocking at the door, please go and see who it is.
4. 指时间或季节。
— What’s the time now?
— It’s ten o’clock.
5. 表天气。
— What’s the weather like today?
— It’s sunny.
6. 表距离
How far is it from your school to your home?
7. 用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
(1) It is+ adj. + ( for sb.) to do sth.
It is important for us to work hard.
(2) It’s time to do / for / that…
It’s time to get up / for lunch / that we go home.
(3) It seems that … 看起来好像……
(4) It’s one’s turn to do … 轮到某人做……
It’s your turn to sing.
(5) It’s + adj. + that 从句
8. 作形式宾语
Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line?
9. 引导强调句型“It is / was +被强调部分+that / who / whom+ 其它成分”。
It is our hope that our city becomes more and more beautiful.
三、it, one, that作代词时的区别
1. it特指上下文提到的同一对象，是同一事物。
The book is mine. It’s very interesting. 这本书是我的，它很有趣。
2. one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同一。
— Who has a pen? 谁有钢笔？
— I have one. 我有一支。
3. that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter. 冬天北京的天气比广州的天气冷。
易混点清单
一、both; all; either; any; neither ; none

都
任何
都不
两者
both
either
neither
三者（以上）
all
any
none
二、little; a little; few; a few

可数
不可数
肯定
a few（有一些）
a little（有一点儿）
否定
few（几乎没有）
little （几乎没有）
Would you please buy some salt for me, Tony? There is little left. 托尼，可以给我买些盐吗？已经快没有了。
He has so little money that he can’t afford the work. 他的钱太少了，买不起这本书。
三、other; the other; others; the others; another
不定代词
意义
用法说明
other
另外的
只做定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果前面有the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, one, my, your, his等时，则可与单数名词连用
the other
两者中另一个
常与 连用，构成“one…,the other… ”；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的全部”
others
泛指别的人或物
是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定语，构成some…, others…
the others
特指其余的人或物
是the other 的复数形式，特指其余的人或物
another
任何一个，另一个
指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作形容词或代词
[题组训练]
一、用all 和both填空。
1. of us went to see the film because we had money to buy tickets yesterday.
2. Tom and his father are at work now.
二、选择填空。
1. Jim is new, but he has ______ friends here.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
2. Hurry up, there is ______ time left.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
3. There is ______ sheep on the hill. Can you see it?
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
三、用other，the other，others，the others和another填空。
1. He is taller than any student in his class.
He is taller than in his class.
He is taller than students in his class.
2. Some students like pop music while don’t in their school.
3. I want some books besides this dictionary.
五年中考
2005 ~ 2008 年江苏中考题组
1. (2008南京, 24) His name is James but he calls ______ Jim.
A. his B. himself C. him D. /
2. (2008南京, 34) —The story is so amazing! It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read.
—But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by ______.
A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody
3. (2008无锡, 22) ______ is too difficult if you put your effort into it.
A. Anything B. Something C. Nothing D. Everything
4. (2008盐城, 28) I had to buy ______ these books because I didn’t know which one was the best.
A. all B. none C. both D. neither
5. (2008宿迁, 11) Simon makes ______ friends in his class because he is very selfish.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
6. (2008连云港, 23) —I haven’t got a digital camera.
—I think you should buy ______. It’s useful for you.
A. one B. this C. that D. it
7. (2008淮安, 28) On Mother’s Day, our school advised ______ of us to write a letter to our mothers.
A. every B. each C. everyone
8. (2008徐州, 23) ______ police officers in the UK carry guns, but most of them don’t.
A. No B. Some C. Many D. All
9. (2008泰州, 34) —Which of the shirts do you like better?
—I’ll take ______. They are very fashionable and cheap.
A. nothing B. none C. all D. both
10. (2007南京, 25) — Did your parents go to climb the Zijin Mountain last Sunday?
— No, they ______ went to see a film.
A. both B. all C. either D. every
11. (2007苏州, 28) Some of the stickers belong to me, while the rest are ______.
A. him and her B. his and her C. his and hers D. him and hers
12. (2007扬州, 28) ______ is watching TV. Turn it off, will you?
A. Nobody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Everybody
13. (2006南京, 22) — Is this your bicycle, David?
— No, it’s not ______. It’s Helen’s.
A. his B. yours C. mine D. hers
14. (2006苏州, 27) There’s ______ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the supermarket and get ?
A. little; some B. little; any C. few; some D. few; any
15. (2006无锡, 32) — Which would you like, a cup of coffee or a glass of milk?
— ______, thanks. I think I’ll just have a glass of water.
A. Neither B. Either C. Nothing D. None
16. (2006常州, 34) — Mum, may I have some cakes?
— Sorry, there’s ______ left in the box. I’ll go and buy some for you tonight.
A. nothing B. no one C. no D. none
17. (2006扬州, 30) — When shall we start, today or tomorrow?
— ______ is OK. You decide!
A. Neither B. Every C. Either D. Each
18. (2006南通, 21) ______ of them knows French, so I have to ask a third person for help.
A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None
19. (2005苏州, 31) My mother finds ______ great fun to learn to drive a car.
A. it B. this C. that D. what
20. (2005无锡, 28) ______ of the three businessmen knew about the document because it was kept a secret.
A. None B. Neither C. Any D. Each
21. (2005盐城, 40) — Carl, why not go and help your sister water the flowers there?
— Why ______? I’m busy myself. Jack is lying on the grass doing nothing.
A. me B. I C. him D. he
2005 ~ 2008 年全国中考题组
1. (2008重庆, 31) —When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning?
—______ is OK. I’m free these days.
A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither
2. (2008四川成都, 20) Julie enjoys listening to music very much. She often says to me that ______ is more interesting than music.
A. nothing B. something C. everything
3. (2008安徽, 45) —Who is singing in the next room?
—______ must be Marie.
A. It B. She C. This D. There
4. (2008山东潍坊, 19) The machines made in China are cheaper than ______ made in Japan.
A. ones B. that C. those D. it
5. (2008青海西宁, 33) —Your watch is quite nice. Where did you buy ______?
—In Shanghai. Do you want to have ______ like this?
A. it; one B. it; it C. one; it D. one; one
6. (2007 哈尔滨, 28) — Harbin is really a beautiful city and there’re many places of interest.
— So it is. Why not stay here for ______ two days?
A. other B. others C. another D. more
7. (2007 福州, 32) — What a lovely card! Where did you buy it?
— I made it by ______.
A. me B. himself C. myself D. itself
8. (2007 杭州, 11) — ______ are you talking about?
— The Olympic Games in Beijing.
A. What B. Whom C. How D. Where
9. (2007 南昌, 29) — What a hot day! Have you had a drink?
— Yes. But I’d like to have ______ after work.
A. it B. one C. other D. another
10. (2007 陕西课改, 28) Money is important in my life. But it isn’t ______ to me.
A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
11. (2007 太原, 21) Yesterday was Dad’s birthday. I gave _____