英美文学概况.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,英美文学概况,Mr.Potato,1.,主要考什么,2.,应该怎么记,3.,明年最可能考什么,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,1.,主要考什么,以作家为中心（国别,类型，年代，流派，代表作品，代表体裁）,重要文学术语和流派的定义,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,2009,年真题,35.Ode to the West Wind was written byA.William Blake B.William WordsworthC.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD.Percy B.Shelley,试题类型：作品和作家匹配,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,2005,年真题,37.William Sidney Porter,known as O.Henry,is most famous for,A.his poems.,B.his plays.,C.his short stories.D.his novels,2009,年真题,36.Who among the following is a poet of free verse?A.Ralph Waldo Emerson.B.Walt Whitman.C.Herman MelvilleD.Theodore Dreiser.,试题类型：作家和代表体裁匹配,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,2005,年真题,36.Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?,A.William Wordsworth.,B.George Elliot.,C.George G.Byron.,D.Percy B.Shelley.,试题类型：作家和流派匹配,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,2008,年真题,37.All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th-century Britain EXCEPT,A.George Eliot.,B.Iris Jean Murdoch.,C.Doris Lessing.,D.Muriel Spark.,试题类型：作家和年代的匹配,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,2006,年真题,37._ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen linesA.Free verseB.SonnetC.OdeD.Epigram,试题类型：文学术语定义,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流,可以互相讨论下，但要小声点,文学试题统计,-,按国家和体裁分,10,文学试题统计,-,按年代分,11,从国别看，英国,8,题（,53%,），美国,5,题（,33%,），爱尔兰,1,题（,6%,）（不涉国别的文学体裁,1,题，,6%,）,从年代看,:,中世纪,7%,19,世纪,(47%),20,世纪,(40%),其他,7%,从试题类型看，作品作家匹配,12,题（,80%,），作家年代识别,1,题（约,7%,），作家流派识别,1,题（约,7%,），文学体裁识别,1,题（约,7%,）,总结,1.,主要考什么,2.,应该怎么记,3.,明年最可能考什么,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,1.,主要考什么,2.,应该怎么记,:,记姓不记名,(,个别作家除外,),LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,William Blake,威廉,布莱克,William Wordsworth,威廉,华兹华斯,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,萨缪尔,泰勒,柯勒律治,Percy Bysshe Shelley,珀西,比西,雪莱,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,Blake,布莱克,Wordsworth,华兹华斯,Coleridge,柯勒律治,Shelley,雪莱,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,1.,主要考什么,2.,应该怎么记,3.,明年最可能考什么,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,3.,明年最可能考什么,英国文艺复兴戏剧和史诗,:,Shakespeare,莎士比亚,弥尔顿,Milton,英国,18,世纪小说家和戏剧家,:,Defoe,笛福，,Fielding,菲尔丁,谢立丹,Sheridan,美国,19,世纪诗人和小说家,:,Dickinson,迪金森,Hawthorne,霍桑,美国,20,世纪诗人和小说家：,Pound,庞德,Fitzgerald,菲茨杰拉德,Faulkner,福克纳,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,Shakespeare,莎士比亚,Drama,Pope,蒲柏,Poetry,novel,Wordsworth,poetry,Dickens,狄更斯,Novel,Joyce,乔伊斯,Chaucer,乔叟,narrative poem,Beowulf,epic,Franklin,富兰克林,prose,Whitman,惠特曼,poetry,Mark Twain,马克,-,吐温,novel,T.S Eliot,T.S,艾略特,Beowulf,（贝奥武甫）,-The first English national epic,Old English Literature,古英语文学,（,450-1066,年）,23,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.Ut enim ad minim veniam,quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.,中古英语文学（,1066-1500,）,中世纪英语文学（,1066-1500,）,Geoffrey Chaucer(,乔叟，,c.13431400),Geoffrey Chaucer(,乔叟，,c.13431400)was an English poet.He is remembered for his,The Canterbury Tales,坎特伯雷故事集,called the,father of English,literature,“英国文学之父”,25,中古英语文学（,1066-1500,）,William Langland(,朗格兰，,1330?-1400?),the,author,of the 14th-century English long narrative poem,Piers Plowman,农夫皮尔斯,.,26,古英语和中世纪文学（,5,世纪,-1500,）,Beowulf+William Langland+Chaucer,武夫,在,土地,上杀了,姓乔的老头,文艺复兴（,16-17,世纪）,William Shakespeare(,莎士比亚，,1564-1616),English,poet,and,playwright,h,is surviving works consist of 38,plays,154,sonnets,two long,narrative poems,Venus and Adonis,维拉斯和阿多尼斯,The Rape of Lucrece,.,鲁克丽丝受辱记,文艺复兴（,16-17,世纪）,29,Shakespeares greatest works:,greatest tragedies are King Lear,李尔王,Macbeth,麦克白,Hamlet,哈姆雷特,Othello,奥赛罗,Romeo and Juliet,罗密欧与朱丽叶,great comedies:A Midsummer Nights Dream,仲夏夜之梦,As You Like It,皆大欢喜,The Merchant of Venice,威尼斯商人,Twelfth Night,第十二夜,great historical plays:Richard III ,理查三世,Henry IV,亨利四世,Henry V,亨利五世,Henry VII,亨利八世,文艺复兴（,16-17,世纪）,When in disgrace with fortune and mens eyes,I all alone beweep my outcast state,And trouble deaf Heaven with my bootless cries,And look upon myself,and curse my fate,Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,Featurd like him,like him with friends possessd,Desiring this mans art,and that mans scope,With what I most enjoy contented least:Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,Haply I think on thee,-and then my state(Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth)sings hymns at heavens gate;,For thy sweet love rememberd such wealth brings That then I scorn to change my state with kings.,Sonnet 29,John Milton(,弥尔顿,1608-1674)was an English,poet,and civil servant for the,Commonwealth of England,.He is best known for his,epic poem,Paradise Lost,失乐园,Paradise Regained,复乐园,Samson,力士参孙,.,文艺复兴（,16-17,世纪）,32,Paradise Lost,失乐园,Alexander Pope(,浦柏,1688-1744),is generally regarded as the greatest,English,poet,of the eighteenth century,best known for his,satirical,epigram,讽刺隽语,and,heroic couplet,英雄双韵体,.His major works include mock epic satirical poem,An Essay on Man,人论,and,An Essay on Criticism,论批评,18,世纪文学和新古典主义,34,Epigram(,隽语,),I am His Highness dog at Kew;,Pray tell me,sir,whose dog are you?,Alexander Pope,Heroic couplet(,英雄双韵体,),O could I flow like thee,and make thy stream,My great example,as it is my theme!,Though deep,yet clear,though gentle,yet not dull,Strong without rage,without oerflowing full.,18,世纪文学和新古典主义,epigram,隽语,Here lies my wife:here let her lie!Now shes at rest and so am I.,John Dryden,Im tired of Love:Im still more tired of Rhyme.But Money gives me pleasure all the time.,Hilaire Belloc,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,Daniel Defoe(,笛福，,16601731),was an,English,writer,who gained enduring fame for his novel,Robinson Crusoe,鲁滨逊漂流记,spokesman for,middle-class people,.,18,世纪文学和新古典主义,37,18,世纪文学和新古典主义,Henry Fielding,(,菲尔丁,1707,-,1754,),，,an,English,novelist,known for his,novel,:,T,h,e H,i,story of,Tom Jones,.,38,18,世纪文学和新古典主义,Jonathan Swift(,斯威夫特,1667-1745),was an,Anglo-Irish,novelist,satirist,.He is remembered for,novel,such as,Gulliver,s Travels,格列佛游记,.,39,Richard Sheridan(,谢立丹，,17511816),Irish,playwright,known for his satirical play,School of Scandal,(,造谣学校,),.He was a represntative writer of,Comedies of Manners,.,18,世纪文学和新古典主义,40,18,世纪文学和新古典主义,Laurence Sterne(,斯特恩,17131768),an,English,novelist,.He is best known for his novel,Tristram Shandy,（,商第传,）,.,41,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,Oliver Goldsmith,（哥尔德斯密斯，,1728-1774,）,English novelist,known for his novel,Vicar of Wakefield,(,威克菲尔德牧师传记,),42,Thomas Gray(,托马斯,格雷,17161771),，,an,English,poet,author of,Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard,（,墓畔哀歌,）,writer of sentimentalism,感伤派,.,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,43,Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard,Far from the madding crowds ignoble strife,Their sober wishes never learnd to stray;,Along the cool sequestered vale of life,They kept the noiseless tenor of their way.,Hardy,小说,远离尘嚣,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.Ut enim ad minim veniam,quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.,浪漫主义（,18,世纪末,19,世纪初）,William Blake(1757 1827)was an,English,poet,best known for his poetical collections of,Song of Innocence,天真之歌,and Song of Experience,经验之歌,.,334,页,2009,年真题,浪漫主义诗人,46,To see a World in a Grain of Sand,And a Heaven in a Wild Flower,Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand,And Eternity in an hour.,一沙见世界，,一花窥天堂，,手中握无限，,须臾纳永恒。,浪漫主义诗人,浪漫主义诗人,William Wordsworth(1770-1850),a major,English,Romantic,poet,who,with,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,helped launch the,Romantic Age,in,English literature,with their 1798 joint publication,Lyrical Balla,ds,抒情歌谣集,.Wordsworths,magnum opus,is generally considered to be,The Prelude,序曲,.,48,I WANDERD lonely as a cloud,That floats on high oer vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host,of golden daffodils;,Beside the lake,beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.,Continuous as the stars that shine-,In vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;,And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.,Daffodils,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,(,柯勒律治,1772 1834)was an,English,poet,who was,along with his friend,William Wordsworth,one of the founders of the,Romantic Movement,in,England,and one of the,Lake Poets,.He is probably best known for his poems,The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,古舟子颂,and,Kubla Khan,忽必烈汗,浪漫主义诗人,50,Lake Poets,Wordsworth,华兹华斯,Coleridge,柯勒律治,Southey,骚塞,浪漫主义诗人,George Gordon Byron(,拜伦，,17881824),was a,English,poet and a leading figure in,Romanticism,.Amongst Byrons best-known works are,his,narrative,poems,Childe Harolds Pilgrimage,哈罗尔德游记,and,Don Juan,唐璜,.,52,Percy Bysshe Shelley(17921822),was one of the major,English,Romantic poets,and is widely considered to be among the finest,lyric poets,in the,English language,.He is perhaps most famous for,Ode to the West Wind,西风颂,To a Skylark,致云雀,Prometheus Unbound,解放了的普罗米修斯,.,浪漫主义诗人,53,Man remains,Sceptreless,free,uncircumscribed,but man,Equal,unclassed,tribeless,and naitonless,Exempt from awe,worship,degree,the king,Over himself;just,gentle,wise,but man,Prometheus Unbound,解放了的普罗米修斯,浪漫主义诗人,Mary Shelley(,玛丽,雪莱,1797 1851)was a British novelist best known for her,Gothic novel,Frankenstein,弗兰肯斯坦,considered as first science fiction,55,Ode to the West Wind,The trumpet of a prophecy!O Wind,If Winter comes,can Spring be far behind?,向昏沉的大地吹奏,!,哦,风啊,如果冬天来了,春天还会远吗,?,56,John Keats(,济慈,17951821),was an,English,poet,who became one of the principal poets of the English,Romantic,movement.,H,is masterpieces such as,Ode on a Grecian Urn,希腊古瓮颂,and,Ode to a Nightingale,夜莺颂,.,浪漫主义诗人,57,浪漫主义诗人,英国浪漫主义五杰,WC+KBS,厕所里看韩剧,58,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.Ut enim ad minim veniam,quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.,浪漫主义时期小说家,浪漫主义时期小说家,Jane Austen(17751817),was an English novelist.,Her major novels include,Sense and Sensibility(,理智与情感,),Pride and Prejudice,(,傲慢与偏见,),Emma,(,爱玛,).,60,浪漫主义时期小说家,Austens House,61,浪漫主义时期小说家,Walter Scott(,司各特,1771-1832),a prolific,Scottish,historical novelist,.His major works,is,Ivanhoe,艾凡赫,.,62,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.Ut enim ad minim veniam,quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.,Realism,现实主义时期（,Victorian Age,维多利亚时期,1837-1901,）,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.Ut enim ad minim veniam,quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.,现实主义时期小说,Bronte sisters,勃朗宁姐妹,Charlotte,(,夏洛蒂,1816 1855),Emily,(,艾米丽,1818 1848)and,Anne,(,安妮,1820 1849),were English writers of the 1840s and 1850s.Charlottes,Jane Eyre,简爱,Emilys,Wuthering Heights,呼啸山庄,and Annes,Agnes Grey,艾格妮斯,格雷,are masterpieces of,English literature,.,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,65,George Elliot(,乔治,-,爱略特，,1819,1880),was an,English,novelist,.She was one of the leading writers of the,Victorian era,.Her novels,largely set in provincial England.Her major novels include:,The Mill on the Floss,佛洛斯河上的磨坊,Middlemarch,米德尔玛契,.,66,Major Writers and Works,Charles Dickens(,1812,1870),：,one of the most popular,English,novelists,of the,Victorian era,.,His major novels include:,A Tale of Two Cities,双城记,Oliver Twist,奥利弗退斯特,David Copperfield,大卫科波菲尔德,Great Expectation,远大前程,Hard Times,艰难时世,67,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,William Makepeace Thackeray(,萨克雷，,18111863),was an,English,novelist,of the 19th century.He was famous for his,satirical,works,particularly,Vanity Fair,名利场,68,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,Mrs.Gaskell(,盖斯凯尔夫人,1810-1865),was an,English,novelist,during the,Victorian era,.Her major novels include:,Mary Barton,玛丽,巴顿,69,Thomas Hardy,(,哈代,1840 1928),an,English,novelist,of the,naturalism,自然主义,.His major novels include:,Tess of the dUrbervilles,德伯家的苔丝,Far from the Madding Crowd,远离尘嚣,Jude the Obscure,.,无名的裘德,Most of his novels are set in Wessex,（威塞克斯）,.,70,Naturalism,（自然主义）,is a,literary,movement,that seeks to replicate a,believable,everyday reality,as opposed to such movements as,Romanticism,in which subjects may receive highly symbolic,idealistic,or even supernatural treatment.Naturalism is the outgrowth of,Realism,a prominent,literary movement,in mid-19th-century,France,and elsewhere.Naturalistic writers were influenced by the evolution theory of,Charles Darwin,.They believed that ones heredity and social environment determine ones character.Whereas realism seeks only to describe subjects as they really are,naturalism also attempts to determine scientifically the underlying forces(i.e.the environment or heredity)influencing the actions of its subjects.Representative naturalist writers are Emile Zola(French),Geroge Gissing and Thomas Hardy.,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,Robert Browning,(,布朗宁,18121889)was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of,dramatic verse,especially,dramatic monologues,戏剧独白,made him one of the foremost,Victorian,poets.,现实主义时期诗歌,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,Mr.Browning and Mrs.Browning,73,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.Ut enim ad minim veniam,quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,74,How do I love thee?,Let me count the ways.,I love thee to the depth and breadth and height,My soul can reach,when feeling out of sight,For the ends of being and ideal grace.,I love thee to the level of every days,Most quiet need,by sun and candle-light.,I love thee freely,as men strive for right.,I love thee purely,as they turn from praise.,I love thee with the passion put to use,In my old griefs,and with my childhoods faith.,I love thee with a love I seemed to lose,With my lost saints.I love thee with the breath,Smiles,tears,of all my life;and,if God choose,I shall but love thee better after death.,Elizabeth Barrett Browning,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,Alfred Tennyson,(,丁尼生，,1809 1892)was,Poet Laureate,of the,United Kingdom,and remains one of the most popular,English poets,.,Tennyson excelled at penning,short lyrics,including,Break,break,break,.,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,76,p,laywright,and one,novel,known for his aestheticism,唯美主义,(art for arts sake,为了艺术而艺术,),.His major plays include,The Importance of Being Earnest,不可儿戏,;His major novel is,The Picture of Dorian Gray,道林,-,格雷的画像,.,Oscar Wilde,(,王尔德,1854 1900),77,Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipisicing elit,sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.Ut enim ad minim veniam,quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.,20,世纪和现代主义,Bernard Shaw(,萧伯纳,1856-1950),an Irish playwright,the greatest dramatist in English literature in the 20th century.He adhered to the tradition of realism,writing plays as a way to discuss social problems.He won Nobel Prize for literature in 1925.His major plays include,Mrs Warrens Profession,华伦夫人的情人,Major Barbara,芭芭拉少校,Pygmalion,皮革马力翁,and,Saint Joan,圣女贞德,.,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,79,John Galsworthy(,高尔斯华绥,1867-1933)one of the most important novelists in the Early 20th century