英语知识点.doc

Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister
知识梳理
句型转换
Section A
1. outgoing 比较级 more outgoing最高级 most outgoing
2. good/well --- better---- best
3. loudly--- more loudly--- most loudly
4. quiet---quieter---quietest (adv.) quietly---more quietly---most quietly
5. hard-working --- more hard-working ----- most hard-working
6. thin--- thinner--- thinnest
7. friendly--- friendlier---friendliest
8. clearly--- more clearly--- most clearly 9. win ( pt.) won
Section B
1.make (pt. ) made 2.though ( 同义词) although 3.true ( adv. )truly
4. serious--- more serious--- most serious 5. both…and… 6. care---(adj.) careful --- (adv.) carefully
7.reach 第三人称单数reaches 8. touch--- touches 9. break(pt.) broke
10.loud比较louder最高级loudest
短语归纳
Section A
1. play the drums 打鼓
2. run fast 跑得快
3. jump high 跳得高
4. work as hard as sb. 和某人一样努力工作
5. get up early 早起床
6. sing well 唱得好w W w .x K b 1 .c o M
7. have fun 玩得高兴
8. the one with shorter hair 头发较短的那个
Section B
1. care about 关心；在意
2. as long as 只要；既然
3. be different from 与······不同；与······有差异
4. bring out 使显现；使表现出
5. the same as 和······相同；与······一致
6. In fact 事实上；实际上
7. be similar to 与······相像（类似）的
8. primary school 小学
重点句子
1. Sam has longer hair than Tom. 萨姆的头发比汤姆的长。
2. She also sings more loudly than Tara. 她唱歌也比泰拉声音大。
3. Nelly sang so well. 内莉唱得如此好。
4. For me, a good friend likes to do the same things as me.
对于我来说，好朋友喜欢跟我做相同的事情。
5. Who is smarter, your mother or your father ? 谁更聪明，你妈妈还是你爸爸？
6. It’s not necessary to be the same. 没有必要相同。
7. I think a good friend makes me laugh. 我认为好朋友会让我笑。
8. Molly studies harder than her best friend. 莫莉比她更好的朋友学习更努力。
9. My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.
我妈妈告诉我好朋友就像一面镜子。
10. So we enjoy studying together. 因此我们喜欢在一起学习。新 课 标 第 一 网
11. So it’s not easy for me to make friends. 因此对我来说交朋友不容易。
12. We both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。
13. My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.
我最好的朋友帮我把最好的方面发掘出来。
14. Larry is much less hard-working, so I always get better grades.
拉里不如我用功，因此我总是取得更好的成绩。
15. Huang Lei isn’t as good at tennis as Larry. 黄磊不如拉里擅长网球。
讲一讲 1
Peter likes to do the same things as me. 彼得喜欢和我做一样的事情。
My best friend Larry is quite different from me. 我最好的朋友拉里和我很不一样。 （1）the same as...意为“与······相同”。例如：
My birthday is the same as Tom’s. 我的生日与汤姆的一样。
I have the same school bag as yours. 我有一个和你一样的书包。
（2） be different from...意为“和······不一样”，是the same as...的反义词组。
例如：Lucy is different from Lily. 露西与莉莉不一样。
[拓展] difference 意为“不同；不用之处”，可做可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。例如：
There is no difference between the twins.
那对双胞胎长得一模一样。
练一练 1
1. Life in the country is quite _______ that in the city.
A. the same B. different from C. full of D.the same as
2. Is your pen _______ Jim’s?
A.same as B.the same C.the same with D.the same as
3. There is not much _______ (different) in price between the two coats.
4. 我的妹妹和我不一样。
My sister _______ _______ _______ me.
讲一讲 2
We both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。
They are both tall. 他们两个都高。X k B 1 . c o m
both 表示两者都, neither 表示两者都不。
both of/neither of 表示“两者都/都不”。例如：
They both are students.= Both of them are students. 他们两个都是学生。
The girls both like English.=Both of the girls like English. 这两个女孩都喜欢英语。
Neither of them is a doctor. 他们两个都不是医生。
练一练 2
5. There are lots of colorful on _______ sides of the streets.
A.each B.both C.either D.all
6. What are your parents?
They doctors.
A.are all B.are both C.all are D.both are
7. Li Lei and Li Ming black hair.
A.have both B.both have C.has both D.both has
8.Both of them are doctors.(改为否定句）
_______ _______ them _______ a doctor.
讲一讲 3
Huang Lei isn’t as good at tennis as Larry. 黄磊不如拉里擅长网球。
as...as 与······一样 not as/so...as 不如······中间加形容词或副词的原级。 例如：He is as tall as Tom. 他跟汤姆一样高。
She isn’t as outgoing as her sister. 她不如她的姐姐外向。X|k |B | 1 . c|O |m
9. Jim is twelve years old. Tim is twelve years old, too.(合并为同义句）
Jim is _______ _______ _______ Tim.
10. English is as easy as math.(改为否定句）
English _______ _______ ______ ________ _______math.
11. Write _______ and try not to make any mistakes.
A.as careful as possible B.more careful
C.most careful D.as carefully as you can
12. Do you think football is as _______ as basketball in America?
A.most popular B.the most popular C.more popular D. popular
13. This math problem is _______that one.
A.not so easy as B.more easy than C.as easier as D.easy than
讲一讲4
However,Larry is much less hard-working, so I always get better grades.
然而，拉里不如我用功，因此我总是取得更好的成绩。
（1） little 和much 都可用来修饰比较级，表示“更······一点，······得多”。例如：
He is a little shorter than you. 他比你少矮一点儿。
[拓展] 修饰比较级除了用a little 外，还可用even（甚至），far(非常），a lot(非常），a bit(一点）等。
14. This is my friend. He is outgoing than I am.
A. much B.more much C.a little more D.a lot of more
15. She is _______ _______ _______(稍矮一点）than Tom.
讲一讲5
I think a good friend makes me laugh.
我认为好朋友会使我笑。
make v. 制造；使；让。常用结构：make sb./ sth.+adj. 使/让某人/某事怎么样；make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。例如：
Mother made a birthday cake for me.妈妈为我做了一个生日蛋糕。
The news makes everyone happy.这个消息使每个人都很快乐。
His mother made him finish the work alone.他妈妈让他一个人完成这项工作。
练一练5
16. The boss makes the worker _______10 hours every day.
A.work B.to work C.working D.works
17. Mr Bean enjoys _______ jokes and often makes us _______.
A.to tell; to laugh B.tells; laugh C.telling; laugh D.telling; laughing
18. His parents often make him _______ his homework till 10 pm.
A.do B.does C.to do D.doing新- 课-标- 第-一 -网
19.这个消息使每个人都很快乐。
The news _______everyone_______.
讲一讲6
Who do you think should get the job, Jenny or Jill?
你认为谁应该得到这份工作，詹妮还是吉尔？
（1） 本句是由“特殊疑问句+选项”构成的选择疑问句，“do you think”作插入语。
例如：
Who do you think cleaned the classroom yesterday?
你认为昨天是谁打扫的教室？
Which bike do you think is Tom’s, the new one or the old one?
你认为哪辆自行车是汤姆的，那辆新的还是旧的呢？
1. or 意为“或者；还是”，常用于选择疑问句中。例如：
Do you like math or English? 你喜欢数学还是英语？
20. Lucy ，do you think who _______ the shortest in your class?
A.do B.does C.is D.are
21. Which do you think _______ the longest river in China?
A.is B.are C.am D.be
22. Who do you think _______ him clean the classroom yesterday?
A.help B.helped C.helps D.helping
语法归纳
形容词的比较级和最高级（一）
1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成
（1） 一般情况下，直接加“er”,“est”。例如：
tall→taller→tallest
（2） 以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，直接加 “r”， “st”。例如：
safe→safer→safest
(3)以“辅音+y”结尾的形容词，变y为i之后加“er”,“est”。例如：
funny→funnier→funniest
（4） 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该字母加“er”,“est”。例如：
thin→thinner→thinnest
（5） 多音节词和部分双音节词，在前面加“more”，“most”。例如：
athletic→more athletic→most athletic
（6） 部分不规则的形容词的比较级和最高级。例如：
good\ well→better→best little→less→least
many\ much →more→most bad\badly\ ill→worse→worst
farther →farthest older →oldest
far old
further→furthest elder→eldest
2. 形容词比较级和最高级的用法
（1） 两者作比较用比较级，句中常用than。例如：
Tom is taller than Bill.汤姆比比尔高。
She is more outgoing than me. 她比我更外向。
（2） 三者或三者以上作比较用最高级，句中常有“of,in”，形容词最高级前要加“the”。例如：
He is the most serious of all the boys. 他是所有男孩中最严肃的。
Mary is the tallest in the class.玛丽是班里最高的。

Unit 4 What’s the best movie theatre?
Section A
1.cheaply 比较级 more cheaply 最高级 most cheaply
fortable 比较级 more comfortable 最高级 most comfortable
3.close 比较级 closer 最高级 closest 4.sit (n.) seat
5. choose (pt.) chose
6.carefully 比较级 more carefully 最高级 most carefully
7.bad/badly比较级 worse 最高级 worst
8. fresh fresher freshest fortable (adv.) comfortably
10.act (n.表人）actor（演员)
Section B
1.talent (adj.) talented 2.beautiful (adv.) beautifully
3. beautifully比较级 more beautifully 最高级 most beautifully
4.win (n.表人）winner（获胜者）
5.performer （v.) perform
6.serious (adv.)seriously (最高级）most seriously 7.give （pt.) gave
8.crowd (adj.) crowded
短语归纳
Section A
1.the biggest screens最大的荧幕
14. be the closest to home 离家最近
3.the shortest waiting time 最短的等候时间
4.have the most comfortable seats 有最舒服的座位
5.the best sound 最好的声音
6.buy clothes the most cheaply 买最便宜的衣服
7.play the most boring songs播放最乏味的歌曲
8.the worst music 最差的音乐
9.the freshest food最新鲜的食物
10.sit the most comfortably 坐得最舒服
11.so far 到目前为止
Section B
2.the best performer 最好的演员
3.the most talented person 最有天赋的人
4.more and more popular 越来越受欢迎
5.have...in common 有相同特征
6.the funniest actors 最风趣的演员
7.all kinds of 各种各样的
8.play the piano the best 钢琴弹得最好
9.sing the most beautifully 唱得最美妙
10.be up to 是……的职责；由……决定
11.play a role 发挥作用；有影响
12.make up 编造（故事流言等）
13.for example，例如
14.take ...seriously认真对待
重点句子
（1）It has the most comfortable seats. 它有最舒服的座位。
（2）The DJs choose songs the most carefully.
那些音乐节目主持人们选择歌曲最细致。
（1）How do you like it so far? 到目前为止你认为它怎么样？
（2）Thanks for telling me. 谢谢告诉我。
（3）Which is the worst clothes store in town?
城镇里最差的服装店是哪一家？
一、 Everyone is good at something. 每个人都各有所长。
一、 It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.
观看别人展示他们的天赋总是很有趣。
13. All these shows have one thing in common.
所有这些节目有一个共同之处。
1. That’s up to you to decide. 这由你来决定。
（6）However, and everybody enjoys watching these shows.
然而，并不是所有的人都喜欢看这些节目。
难点讲练
讲一讲 1
What’s the best clothes store in town?
城里最好的的服装店是哪家？
I think Miller’s is the best.
我觉得米勒的服装店是最好的。
（4）此句中best 是good 的最高级形式，其前应加定冠词the。
（5）in town 在城镇，town前加不加任何冠词或修饰成分。in the city 在城市， in the country在乡村；在农村。City/country 前加定冠词the。例如：
Do you like living in town or in the city?
你喜欢住在城镇还是住在城市里？
(3)此句中 Miller’s 是名词所有格的形式，表示场所、店铺等意义。例如：
the barber’s 理发店
the doctor’s 诊所
my uncle’s 我叔叔家
（4）clothes 本身是复数形式，后面动词应用复数。Clothing 是复合名词，衣服的总称，没有复数形式，后面动词应用单数。例如：
The clothes in that shop are expensive. 那家店的衣服贵。
All the clothing in the shop is very cheap. 这家店里的衣服很便宜。
练一练1
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. What’s _______ (good) clothing store in town?
2. Who is _______ (short),Ann, Sally _______ or Mary?
3. Among the three boys he works the _______ .
A. hard B.harder C.hardest D.most hard
（1）Michael is taller than any other student in his class.(同义句转换）
Michael is _______ _______ _______ in his class.
4.你认为谁是最佳表演者？
Who do you think is _______ _______ _______ ?
讲一讲2
It has the most comfortable seats. 它有最舒适的座位。
You can sit the most comfortably because they have the biggest seats.
因为它们有最大的座位所以你可以坐得最舒服。
14. comfortable 为形容词，意为“舒适的”，用来修饰seats。most comfortable 是它的最高级形式，在句中使用时，要在其最高级前加the.
15. Comfortably 为comfortable的副词，意为“舒服地；舒适地”，用来修饰它前面的sit,即副词修饰动词之后，most comfortable 是它的最高级形式。在句中使用时，其最高级前可以加the也可以不加。
[拓展]类似的词在本单元还有许多。例如：
beautiful－beautifully，cheap－cheaply，careful－carefully等
练一练 2
用所给词的正确形式填空。
6. －There are ___________seats in Town Cinema.
－Yes, you can sit there ____________ .(comfortable)
7. －Can you buy clothes the most ?
－Yes, I can buy the _______ clothes.(cheap)
8. He is a _______ man, he does everything __________ . (careful)
9. Tom sings _________in his class. He can sing many________ songs .(beautiful)
10. －Did your father have a __________ breakfast this morning?
－Yes, he had breakfast__________. (quick)
讲一讲 3
It’s the closest to home. 它离家最近。
（1）close 在此句中为形容词，意为“近的，接近的”，既可指时间，也可以指空间上的。closest 为形容词 close的最高级形式。其反义词为far, 近义词为near。在表达“离……近”时用（be）close to 结构。例如：
The post office is close to the park. 邮局离公园近。
He sat close to us. 他挨着我们坐。
[拓展] ① close与near都意为“近的”，但close比near表达的距离更近，相当于very near，可以近至几乎相接触，而near意为“附近的；邻近的。”
例如：
My home is near our school.我家离我们学校很近。
② close还是一个动词，意为“关；关闭”。其反义词为open。例如：
Please close the windows before leaving. 离开前请将窗户关上。
Don’t close your eyes, please. 请不要闭上眼睛。
（2）home 在这里为名词，意为“家”，包含“爱；温暖；舒适；安全”等意义，通常不用冠词修饰。例如：
Home is where the heart is.心在哪里，哪里就是家。
练一练3
11. The store is the __________my home. I often do shopping in it.
A. Near B.closest C.farthest D.closes
12. －David ,where do you live?
－It’s__________ Taishan.
A. Close from B.closing to C.close to D.far to
13. My home is __________our school, so I have to take the bus.
A. Far from B.closed to C. Far to D.near.
讲一讲 4
It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.
观看别人展示他们的天赋总是很有趣。
1.It’s interesting to do sth. 意思是 “做某事有趣”， 它是It’s +adj+to do sth.句型的一种形式，it 作形式主语，to do sth.是真正的主语。例如：
It’s very interesting to play computer games.
玩电脑游戏很有趣。
6. watch 在句中是感官动词。Watch sb.do sth. 意为“观看某人做了某事或经常观看某人做某事”，强调“观看动作的全过程”。例如：
I watched them play football the whole afternoon.
整个下午我在看他们踢足球。
[拓展] ①watch sb.doing sth. 则表示“观看某人正在做某事”强调“动作正在进行”。例如：
I’m watching them playing football.
我正在观看他们踢足球。
②hear，see, feel, notice 等感官动词的用法与watch一致。例如：
I saw him get on the bus. 我看见他上了公共汽车。（动作已完成）
I saw him getting on the bus. 我看见他正在上公共汽车。（动作正在进行)
练一练 4
15. I saw my father__________ . It made me __________better.
A.smiling; to feel B.smile; feeling C.smile ; feel D.smile; to feel
15. The young woman watched her daughter_________ a yo-yo yesterday afternoon.
A.to play B.to play with C.playing with D.played
16. I often hear her__________ in the room.
A.sing B.sang C.singing D.to sing
9. It’s nice of you __________me with my math.
A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
语法归纳
形容词的比较级和最高级（二）
1. 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法
（1）形容词比较级用于两者（人或物）之间的比较，表示一方比另一方“更……”或“较……”，后面通常用比较连词than连接另一方所比较的人或物。than引导的是比较状语从句，但为了避免重复，从句中有些与主句相同的部分常常省略，而把相比较的部分省略出来。另外，在上下文明确时，形容词比较级也可以单独使用。例如：
This room is smaller than that one (is).
这个房间比那个房间小。
He is younger than I(am).
他年纪比我小。
His English is better than his brother 's (is).
他的英语比他哥哥的好。
1. 形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示其中一方在三者以上的人或事物中“最……”。最高级前通常用定冠词the, 并用of或in短语来说明比较的范围。Of后面一般接表示同类的名词，in接表示范围的名词。例如：
He is the tallest of all.
他是所有人中最高的。
Li Hua is the best student in his class.
李华是他班上最好的学生。
2.比较级与最高级的区别与联系
（1）比较级是用来把彼此独立的适合人进行比较；最高级是把一个群体中的一员与整体进行比较，这个群体必须包括这个成员，请看下面例句：
（A）Mary is taller than her two sisters.
玛丽比她的两个姐姐高。
(B)Mary is the tallest of the girls.
玛丽是这些女孩中最高的。
【注意】句（A）中玛丽是在另外两个姐妹之外，是玛丽一个人同另外两姐妹（作为一方）来比较，所以用比较级。句(B)中玛丽是这些女孩之一，所以用最高级。
（2）比较级可以用来表示最高级的含义。例如：
Jack is taller than any other student/the other students in his class.(=Jack is the tallest in his class.)
杰克比他班里的任何一个/其余的学生都高。（杰克是他班上最高的学生。）
any other表示“任何一个”，所以其后用单数名词，the other表示“其余的”，所以其后用名词复数。
3.比较连词than的用法
比较状语从句中的than是连词，连接的是一个句子作比较状语从句。than虽然后面常常接的是一个词，而不是句子，它仍然是连词，那是因为从句省略了系动词。
She is younger than I (am) / me.
她年纪比我小。
【注意】than后接I是省略系动词am,尤其than后面用me，这时常会使我们误认为than是介词。than后用me（宾格形式）只用于非正式文体中，表示委婉、客气的语气，比I更有礼貌，而不要把than误认为是介词。正式文体中应用I（am).
中考地带
I单项选择。
( )1You are doing great! I’ve never had _____answer before.(河北)
A better B best C a better D the best
( )2 --Why are you standing, Alice?
--I can’t