新视野大学英语uniPPT课件.ppt

Unit 1Time-Conscious AmericansG G G Guess the meaning of the italicised uess the meaning of the italicised uess the meaning of the italicised uess the meaning of the italicised term in each sentence term in each sentence term in each sentence term in each sentence according toaccording toaccording toaccording to the context and your own experiences.the context and your own experiences.the context and your own experiences.the context and your own experiences.nThe The government government has has budgeted budgeted for for two bridges in the city.two bridges in the city.nIt It is is important important to to balance balance this this yearyears s budgetbudget.nThe The telephone telephone line line was was dead.dead.Wendy Wendy replacedreplaced the the telephone telephone handle.handle.nGeorge George has has replacedreplaced Edward Edward as as the the personnel manager.personnel manager.nWeWell ll have have to to replacereplace the the old old computers computers with new ones.with new ones.nI I tried tried to to stop stop him,him,but but he he elbowedelbowed me out of the way.me out of the way.nShe She elbowedelbowed her her way way through through the the crowdcrowdnIncreased Increased interactioninteraction between between the the police police and and citizens citizens will will improve improve the the rate of solving crimes.rate of solving crimes.nEveryday Everyday the the work work begins begins with with the the ritualritual phrases of greeting.phrases of greeting.nI I start start to to read read English English aloud aloud the the first first thing thing after after I I get get up up in in the the morning morning and and that that has has become become a a ritualritual.nThe The police police are are probingprobing (into)(into)trading,which breaks the law.trading,which breaks the law.nMy My watch watch doesndoesnt t ticktick because because it it is is electronic.electronic.nA A team team from from the the United United Nations Nations will will observe observe the the election election to to be be sure sure that that it is fairly it is fairly conductedconducted.nThe The company company should should be be able able to to fulfillfulfill our our requirements requirements for for product product quality.quality.nFour weeks have Four weeks have elapsedelapsed since we left home.since we left home.Give synonyms for the words as Give synonyms for the words as many as you canmany as you can n1.1.Acute:Acute:sensitive sensitive keen keen penetrating severe fine sharppenetrating severe fine sharpn2.2.Abrupt:Abrupt:blunt blunt brief brief brisk brisk curt curt hasty short sudden unexpectedhasty short sudden unexpectedn3.3.Convention:Convention:practice practice custom custom conference meeting routineconference meeting routinen4.4.Surroundings:Surroundings:environment environment setting setting conditions conditions situations situations circumstancescircumstancesn5.5.Assess:Assess:judge judge decide decide value value appraise appraise estimate evaluate rate estimate evaluate rate n6.6.Device:Device:plan plan equipment equipment machine machine tool tool instrument apparatus implement trickinstrument apparatus implement trickn7.7.Obtain:Obtain:get get catch catch buy buy borrow borrow earn earn gain attain receive acquire gain attain receive acquire nSuperb:Superb:beautiful beautiful good good great great brilliant brilliant majestic majestic magnificent magnificent gorgeous gorgeous grand grand glorious glorious imposing imposing excellent excellent wonderful wonderful perfect impressiveperfect impressiven8.8.Competent:Competent:capable capable be be equal equal to to be be up up to to able able adequate adequate experienced experienced qualified effectivequalified effectiveHomeworkHomework nLearn Learn the the new new words words and and expressions expressions of of the the text by heart.text by heart.nGo Go over over the the text text and and write write down down the the difficult points.difficult points.Language points:npast participle used past participle used as objective as objective complement complement nHe did not wish it He did not wish it mentionedmentioned.nHe was about to enter He was about to enter the hall when he heard the hall when he heard his name his name calledcalled.Nominative absolute Nominative absolute participle constructionparticiple construction n1 1Logic Logic subject subject+present present participle participle or or with with(without)+logic(without)+logic subject subject+present present participleparticiplenHe He groaned groaned and and fell fell to to the the floor,floor,blood streaming from his noseblood streaming from his nose.n He passed by He passed by without anyone noticing without anyone noticing himhim.2 2 2 2Logic subject+passive participle or with Logic subject+passive participle or with Logic subject+passive participle or with Logic subject+passive participle or with(without)+logic subject+passive participle(without)+logic subject+passive participle(without)+logic subject+passive participle(without)+logic subject+passive participlenThe The table table being being setset,we we began to dine.began to dine.nWith With all all things things being being consideredconsidered,he he has has done done his his best.best.3 3 3 3Logic subject+past participle or with Logic subject+past participle or with Logic subject+past participle or with Logic subject+past participle or with(without)+Logic subject+past participle(without)+Logic subject+past participle(without)+Logic subject+past participle(without)+Logic subject+past participlenThe The storm storm having having destroyed destroyed their their huthut,they they had had to to live live in a cave.in a cave.nWe We sat sat face face to to face,face,without a single word said.without a single word said.4 4 4 4Logic subject+infinitive or with(without)+Logic subject+infinitive or with(without)+Logic subject+infinitive or with(without)+Logic subject+infinitive or with(without)+logic subject+infinitivelogic subject+infinitivelogic subject+infinitivelogic subject+infinitivenHere Here are are the the first first two two volumes,volumes,the the third third one one to to come come out out next next monthmonth.nI I now now pay pay you you half half the the sum,sum,with with the the other other half half to to be be paid paid next next week.week.5 5 5 5Logic subject+noun or with Logic subject+noun or with Logic subject+noun or with Logic subject+noun or with(without)+logic subject+noun(without)+logic subject+noun(without)+logic subject+noun(without)+logic subject+nounnHe He appeared,appeared,his his hair hair a a wreck.wreck.nWith With his his first first shot shot a a failurefailure,Dyke fired again.,Dyke fired again.6 6 6 6Logic subject+adjective or with(without)+Logic subject+adjective or with(without)+Logic subject+adjective or with(without)+Logic subject+adjective or with(without)+logic subject+adjectivelogic subject+adjectivelogic subject+adjectivelogic subject+adjectivenHe He sat sat there,there,his his face face serious serious and his attention steady.and his attention steady.nWith With the the weather weather so so close close and and stuffystuffy,ten ten to to one one it it will will rain rain presently.presently.7 7 7 7Logic subject+adverb or with Logic subject+adverb or with Logic subject+adverb or with Logic subject+adverb or with(without)+logic subject+adverb(without)+logic subject+adverb(without)+logic subject+adverb(without)+logic subject+adverbnHe He lay lay on on the the floor floor face face downward.downward.nHe He went went out out with with no no hat hat onon.8 8 8 8Logic subject+prepositional phrase or with Logic subject+prepositional phrase or with Logic subject+prepositional phrase or with Logic subject+prepositional phrase or with(without)+logic subject+prepositional phrase(without)+logic subject+prepositional phrase(without)+logic subject+prepositional phrase(without)+logic subject+prepositional phrasenHe He leaned leaned on on the the wall,wall,a a pipe pipe in in mouthmouth.nWith With the the whole whole meeting meeting in in uproaruproar,the the chairman chairman abandoned abandoned the the attempt attempt to take a vote.to take a vote.9.9.9.9.Logic subject of the nominative Logic subject of the nominative Logic subject of the nominative Logic subject of the nominative absolute participle constructionabsolute participle constructionabsolute participle constructionabsolute participle constructionn1 1The The stormstorm having having damaged damaged everything,everything,many many became became homeless.homeless.（通格名词）（通格名词）n2 2He He being being absent,absent,nothing nothing could be done.could be done.（主格代词）（主格代词）n3 3ItIt being being very very stormy,stormy,she she had had to to stay stay at at home.home.（非非人人称代词）称代词）n4 4Himself Himself still still only only a a child,child,he he had had to to rule rule over over grown men.grown men.（反身代词）（反身代词）n5 5ItIt having been proved having been proved that Mulroy was guiltythat Mulroy was guilty,the,the judge passed sentence.judge passed sentence.（形（形式主语式主语it+it+实际主语）实际主语）THANK YOUSUCCESS2024/3/18 2024/3/18 周一周一2121可编辑可编辑10.10.Grammatical role of the nominative Grammatical role of the nominative absolute participle constructionabsolute participle constructionnThe nominative absolute The nominative absolute phrase expresses time,phrase expresses time,cause,condition,cause,condition,circumstances,etc.and is circumstances,etc.and is equal to an adverbial equal to an adverbial clause,e.g.clause,e.g.n1.1.The The dark dark clouds clouds having having disappeared disappeared(=When(=When the the dark dark clouds clouds have have disappeared),disappeared),the the sun sun shone shone again.again.（TimeTime）n2 2The The door door of of the the opposite opposite parlour parlour being being then then opened opened(=Because(=Because the the door door of of the the opposite opposite parlour parlour is is then then opened),opened),I I heared some voices.heared some voices.（CauseCause）n3 3He He felt felt more more uneasy uneasy with with the the whole whole class class staring staring at at him him(=because(=because the the whole class stared at him).whole class stared at him).（CauseCause）n4 4 Conciliation Conciliation failing failing(=If(=If conciliation conciliation fails),fails),forces forces remains;remains;but but force force failing failing(=if(=if force force fails),fails),no no further further hope hope of of conciliation conciliation is is left.left.（ConditionCondition）n5 5They They had had many many talks talks with with the the native,native,the the guide guide acting acting as as(=and(=and the the guide guide acted acted as)as)interpreter.interpreter.（CircumstancesCircumstances）n6 6She She went went to to the the market,market,with with her her son son following following her her(=and(=and her her son son followed followed her).her).（CircumstancesCircumstances）n7 7So So much much money money having having being being spent spent(=Though(=Though so so much much money money has has been been spent),spent),we we have have not not seen seen any any good good result.result.（ConcessionConcession）n8 8I I read read a a novel,novel,my my wife wife sewing sewing(=and(=and my my wife wife sewed)sewed)by by my side.my side.（CompoundCompound）n1.1.slave to/of sth:a person slave to/of sth:a person who is completely influenced who is completely influenced or dominated by sth,e.g.or dominated by sth,e.g.na slave to drink,a slave a slave to drink,a slave to money,a slave to to money,a slave to fashionfashionnWe are slaves of the We are slaves of the motorcar.motorcar.n2.nothing but:only,e.g.2.nothing but:only,e.g.nHe is nothing but a criminal.He is nothing but a criminal.nThe report contains nothing The report contains nothing but lies.but lies.as if,as though n1.as if,as though1.as if,as though所比较的所比较的如果是一种并非事实的设想，后如果是一种并非事实的设想，后面跟的从句须用虚拟语气，所比面跟的从句须用虚拟语气，所比较的如果是（或很可能是）事实，较的如果是（或很可能是）事实，则后面跟的从句须用直陈语气，则后面跟的从句须用直陈语气，动词动词be,look,seem,be,look,seem,同同as if,as if,as thoughas though连用，连用，这时主句中的这时主句中的be,look,seembe,look,seem，常不看作联系常不看作联系动词，而看作表意动词动词，而看作表意动词（notional verbnotional verb）。）。Compare:Compare:n na)a)He He looks looks as as though though he he had seen a ghost.had seen a ghost.n nb)b)It It does does look look as as if if the very crisis is here.the very crisis is here.n nc)c)He He looks looks as as if if he he were were going going through through a a great crisis.great crisis.n nd)d)He He acts acts as as if if he he is is in love with her.in love with her.2.as if,as though2.as if,as though2.as if,as though2.as if,as though引导无定形句（引导无定形句（引导无定形句（引导无定形句（amorphous amorphous amorphous amorphous sentencesentencesentencesentence），），），），从反面来表示惊讶、不信任、愤慨等强烈从反面来表示惊讶、不信任、愤慨等强烈从反面来表示惊讶、不信任、愤慨等强烈从反面来表示惊讶、不信任、愤慨等强烈感情。感情。感情。感情。nFor example:For example:na)a)As As though though you you didndidnt t know that?know that?nb)b)As As if if he he would would ever ever do do such a thing!such a thing!3.as if,as though+to 3.as if,as though+to infinitiveinfinitive nfor example:for example:na)a)He He shook shook his his head head as as if if(he(he wanted)wanted)to to say say“NoNo”.nb)b)He He opened opened his his lips lips as as if to say something.if to say something.MetaphorMetaphornMetaphor means figurative Metaphor means figurative language.It uses words to language.It uses words to indicate something different from indicate something different from their literal meaning,that is:their literal meaning,that is:one thing is described in terms one thing is described in terms of another so as to suggest a of another so as to suggest a likeness or analogy between them.likeness or analogy between them.The comparison in a metaphor is The comparison in a metaphor is usually implicit.usually implicit.nFor example:For example:n1.1.Military glory is a Military glory is a bubble blown from blood.bubble blown from blood.n2.2.The tree of liberty must The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to be refreshed from time to time with the blood of time with the blood of patriots and tyrants.It is patriots and tyrants.It is its natural manure.its natural manure.n3.3.The hall way was zebra-The hall way was zebra-striped with darkness and striped with darkness and moonlight.moonlight.Takepersonally:Takepersonally:n nlIf you take sb.s If you take sb.s remarks personally,you are remarks personally,you are upset because you think that upset because you think that they are being critical they are being critical about you in particular,e.g.about you in particular,e.g.nYou mustnt take her You mustnt take her negative comments of your negative comments of your plan personally.plan personally.present participle used as present participle used as objective complement:objective complement:nI shall have the machine I shall have the machine running by the time you get running by the time you get back.back.nThe news left me wondering The news left me wondering what would happen next.what would happen next.whereas:in contrast,but;whereas:in contrast,but;w