形容词、副词比较级及最高级-讲义.doc

戴氏教育 龙泉校区新概念英语与中考同步班专用教材 英语教研组 （1） 形容词、副词的级别 形容词和副词有三种级别，即原级、比较级和最高级。比较级用于两个对象的比较，最高级用于三者或三者以上。（2）形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则（金牌考点，必须记住，记不住也要硬记）1一般情况加-er, -esttalltallertallest greatgreatergreatest2以不发音e结尾的单音节词加-r， -stlargelargerlargest nicenicernicest3在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中， 先双写末尾的辅音字母 再加-er, -estbigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest4以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词， 把y改为i再加-er, -esteasyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviest 5以ow,er结尾的双音节词加-er, -estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest 6其他双音节词（副词）和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加mostbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifferentmore differentmost different （3）几个特殊的形容词和副词（一个字记；两个字记牢；三个级必须记；四个字记，没理由）原级比较级最高级good ,wellBetterbestbad, ill, badlyWorseworstmany ,muchMoremostlittleLessleastfarFarther距离, further程度farthest, further(提高进一步)oldOlder时间, elder顺序oldest, eldest（看老师多好，怕你们记不住，特意编的口诀，不要太感动哈 (o)/）黄金口诀特殊形式比较级 坏病两多和两好 一分为二有三个 共有三对二合一 little是小不是少 距离老远常迟到（4）比较级最高级的修饰语much ， even ， still ， far ， a little ，a lot ， far ，如：much better ， far more interesting， （5）as + adj.的原级 / adv.的原级 + as 如 ： as soon as possible ； as polite as possible ； as carefully as you can （6）用法示例 1 比较级用于二者相比较，由than构成比较状语从句： . The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing. . My Schoolbag is larger than hers. The book is much more interesting than that one.【温馨提示】 两个相比较的主语必须相对应。 . It is getting colder and colder. . She is becoming more and more beautiful. 【温馨提示】 两个形容词比较级由 and连在一起，表示“越来越” . The older we grow, the poorer our memory will be. . The earlier we start, the sooner well get there. 【温馨提示】这种句型结构表示“越越”. I prefer the cheaper one of the two books. . Of the two brothers, he is the cleverer. 【温馨提示】二者之比较。而Of the three girls, she is the cleverest. （7）用法示例 2 最高级构成方式用于三者或三者以上进行比较，“the + 形容词 / 副词est” John is the tallest of the three. He runs fastest in our class.（副词的最高级the可省略） This is the most difficult book Ive read. He is cleverer than any other boy in the class.（有than时只用比较级） She is younger than all the other students.（8）远离比较级的用法误区误区一：比较对象非同类或相包含我的尺子比你的长。误：My ruler is longer than you.正：My ruler is longer than yours.在冬天北方比南方冷。误：The weather is colder in the north than in the south in winter.正：The weather is colder in the north than that in the south in winter.这块手表是所有手表中最好的。误：This watch is the best of all the other watches.正：This watch is the best of all the watches.误区二：认为比较级前不能用定冠词the她是两个女孩中比较胖的一个。误：She is fatter of the two girls.正：She is the thinner of the two girls.他越忙就越高兴。误：The busier he is, happier he feels.正：The busier he is, the happier he feels.长江是中国第一大河。误：The Chang jiang River is longest riverin China.正：The Chang jiang River is the longest river in China.误区三：混用介词in和of你们班最强的男孩是谁？误：Who is the strongest of your class?正：Who is the strongest in your class?比尔是这些男孩中年龄最大的。误：Bill is the oldest in all these boys.正：Bill is the oldest of all these boys.误区四：“最之一”结构误用东京是日本最大的城市之一。误：Tokyo is one of the biggest city in Japan.正：Tokyo is one of the biggest cities in Japan.误区五：修饰词混用他正在讲述的故事很有意思。误：The story he is telling is much interesting.正：The story he is telling is very interesting.姚明比我高多了。误：Yao Ming is very taller than me.正：Yao Ming is much / a lot taller than me.一、根据句意从各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确答案。( )1. -You are very_, arent you? -Yes, Our team has won the game. A. happierB. worriedC. sadD. happy( )2. Do you have _ size in green? This one is a bit small for me. A. a big B. a bigger C. the bigD. the bigger( )3. Can you speak a little louder? I can _ hear you. A. hard B. really C. hardlyD. clearly( )4. Yesterday I was _ ill but I feel _ today. A. badly, more better B. badly, very well C. terrible, even better D. terribly, much better( )5. Now the air in our town is_than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it. A. even worse B. much better C. rather bad D. very good( )6. Now_ are rich to buy cars. A. more Chinese people and more Chinese people B. more Chinese people and more C. more and more Chinese peopleD.many and many Chinese people、( )7. Since China has been a member of WTO, English is _useful than before. A. moreB. mostC. mucD. very( )8. - What delicious cakes! - They would taste _ with butter. A. goodB. betterC. badD. worse( )9. The water in the river is _ the water in that one. It cant be used for drinking. A. as clean asB. not so clean as C. as good as D. not so dirty as( )10. Oct. 15th was one of_days in 2003. Shenzhou-V was set up successfully. A. exciting B. more exciting C. the most exciting D. much exciting( )11. This is_story that everyone likes to read itA. such interested B. such an interesting C. so interesting D. so all interested( )12. He did everything to make everyone _. A. happily B.dearly C. terribly D. friendly( )13. _you dive into the water, _you breathe. A. Deeper, hader B. The deeper, the harder C. The deep, the, hard D. Deep, hard( )14. My grandpa lives _, but he never feels_with the little dog. A. alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, alone D. lonely, lonely( )15. Mr Green has lived in the_hotel since he came to China. A. five-star B. five-stars C. five stars D. five stars( )16. Shanghai is larger than _ in Jiangsu. A. the other city B. other city C. any other city D. any city( )17. You must keep your eyes _ when you do eye exercisesA. close Bopen Cclosed Dopened ( )18. Summer is comingThe days are getting _.A. 1ong and long B.long and longerC. more and more long D.1onger and longer ( )19. - Mum，I think Im _ to get back to schoo1- Not really，my dearYoud better stay at home for another day or twoA. so well B. so good C. well enough D.good enough( )20. - How can I speak Enslish you?- Youd better speak more，I thinkA. as well as B. more than C. as good as D. as much as( )21. _, he didnt heart himself. A. Unluckily B. Lucky C. Luck D. Luckily( )22.The_you get ready，the_youll be able to 1eaveA. more quicker; sooner B. more quickly; sooner C. more quickly; earlier D. more quick; earlier( )23.She worked_no one knew she was thereA. so quietly that B. so quietly C. so quiet that D. so quiet as( )24. - What was the weather like yesterday? - It was terrible. It rained so_that people could_go out. A. hardly; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hardly D. hard; hard( )25. The meat smells_. Youd better throw it away. A. wonderful B. wonderfully C. badly D. bad( )26. She is _ than _ . A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we ( )27. Jane is _ than Betty. A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall ( )28. Johns record was not so good as _ in his team. A. all the players B.any players C. other players D. any other players ( )29. China is _ country in the world. A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest ( )30. Shanghai has a larger population than _ in china. A. any city B. all the cities C. any other city D. all other cities 二、根据句意和所给首字母填单词。1、She had the m_ money of all the students.2、Grace brought us some flowers from his g_.3、Whats the w_ thing that could happen?4、There are a lot of competition between the big supermarkets.5、Does the hotel have a swimming p_?6、Whch kind would you like v_ or meat？7、Did you find out w_ there are any seats left？8、It had lasted thirty minutes longer t_ usual.9、Please let me know your decision as soon as p_.10、Sally and Lucy had o_ been close friends.三、汉译英1、他读的书比我多。_2、这个旅店要比那个旅店好得多。_3、学校所有科目中我最喜欢英语。_4、这是我听过的最滑稽的笑话。_ 5、这不像我想的那么简单。_6、因此，侦探非常容易监视她。_7、在一个星期一，当这位妇女走进这家商场时，里面的人比往常少。_8有钱人不总是快乐的。_9他越忙，就越高兴。_11这是我从未见过如此动人的电影。_12长江是世界上最长的河流之一。黄河是中国第二长的河。_三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题后的选项中选出适当的项补全短文。GardenPeople has been growing plants in special areas of land，called gardens，since ancient times（古时候）. _1_ The first garden has useful purpose. _2_ Herbs are plants that are used as medicins or for adding flavor（香味）to food. Vegetables and herb gardens remain popular today for the same reasons._3_ Cottage gardens are a well-known kind of flower fardens，especially in England._4_Groups of plants from similar climates （气候） grow in different sections ofbotanical garden. _5_ A butterfly garden contains plants that attract all kinds of butterflies.A. Botanical gardens are large gardens that are usuall open to the public.B. Early gardens led to many different kinds of gardens that people enjoy today.C. Gardeners grow flower gardens ，such as rose gardens ，for their beauty.D. There are many other types of gardens grown for peoples enjoyment.E.They provided food and herbs.1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._四完成对话，在下面对话空格上填入适当的单词，一空一词，并依次填入右边表格中。A : How was the exam , Mike ? B : Not very good . But I think I passed 1 English and Math . How about you , Tim ? A : The English and Math papers werent easy 2 for me . I hope I 3 failed . B : In the Math exam I could answersixteen of the twenty questions . 12345678910But I couldnt answer the 4 . They were too hard for me . A : I 5 the exam . Im sure Ive got a low I.Q . B : Oh , cheer up ! 6 we dont do too 7 . The student next to me only wrote his name at the top of the paper . A : Yes ? B : Then he 8 there and looked at the paper for nearly two hours ! He didnt write 9 10 .五、从方框中所给单词中选出10个单词并以其适当形式填入短文空格中，每词限用一次。 cross star both third name hard he work build Asia is manyHis songs are a bit sad, but boy-like smile can quickly warm you up! And people love A-do for 1 of the reasons. He has sung for only two years, but hes already one of the big 2 in Asias pop world. The Singaporean（新加坡的）singer has already made his 3 albums（专辑）. Together more than five million copies have been sold 4 Asia. Last Friday , Chinas Music Radio 5 him“the 6 King of Pop”. A-do said he didnt expect the award ,“Its great for me .It makes me want 7 even 8 .”His new album , “Hello”came out in December . He sings with the same rough（粗的）voice , and he puts in some rock music . A-do used to be a house 9 . Everyday after work, he would sing by 10 with a guitar. Other workers heard him and told him he should be in a contest（比赛）. A-do hasnt changed much. He still gets nervous in front of cameras（镜头）. Hes an everyday hero and shows anyone can do well if they work hard.123456789107