形容词、副词比较级及最高级-讲义.doc

戴氏教育 龙泉校区 新概念英语与中考同步班专用教材 英语教研组

（1） 形容词、副词的级别
　 形容词和副词有三种级别，即原级、比较级和最高级。比较级用于两个对象的比较，最高级用于三者或三者以上。

（2）形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
——（金牌考点，必须记住，记不住也要硬记……）
1一般情况
加-er, -est
tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest
2以不发音e结尾的单音节词
加-r， -st
large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest
3在重读闭音节
（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，
先双写末尾的辅音字母 再加-er, -est
big→bigger→biggest
hot→hotter→hottest
4以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，
把y改为i
再加-er, -est
easy→easier→easiest
heavy→heavier→heaviest
5以ow,er结尾的双音节词
加-er, -est
clever→cleverer→cleverest
narrow→narrower→narrowest
6其他双音节词（副词）和多音节词，
比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
different→more different→most different

（3）几个特殊的形容词和副词
（一个字——记；两个字——记牢；三个级——必须记；四个字——记，没理由…）
原级
比较级
最高级
good ,well
Better
best
bad, ill, badly
Worse
worst
many ,much
More
most
little
Less
least
far
Farther距离, further程度
farthest,  further(提高进一步)
old
Older时间, elder顺序
oldest, eldest

（看老师多好，怕你们记不住，特意编的口诀，不要太感动哈…… \(^o^)/~）
黄金口诀

特殊形式比较级 坏病两多和两好 一分为二有三个
共有三对二合一 little是小不是少 距离老远常迟到

（4）比较级最高级的修饰语
much ， even ， still ， far ， a little ，a lot ， far ，
如：much better ， far more interesting，
（5）as + adj.的原级 / adv.的原级 + as…
如 ： as soon as possible ； as polite as possible ； as carefully as you can
（6）用法示例 1 ——比较级用于二者相比较，由than构成比较状语从句：

① ►. The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing.
►. My Schoolbag is larger than hers.
►. The book is much more interesting than that one.

【温馨提示】—— 两个相比较的主语必须相对应。

② ►. It is getting colder and colder.
►. She is becoming more and more beautiful
.
【温馨提示】—— 两个形容词比较级由 and连在一起，表示“越来越……”

③ ►. The older we grow, the poorer our memory will be.
►. The earlier we start, the sooner we'll get there.

【温馨提示】——这种句型结构表示“越……越……”

④►. I prefer the cheaper one of the two books.
►. Of the two brothers, he is the cleverer.

【温馨提示】——二者之比较。而Of the three girls, she is the cleverest.

（7）用法示例 2 ——最高级构成方式
——用于三者或三者以上进行比较，“the + 形容词 / 副词est”

① John is the tallest of the three.
He runs fastest in our class.（副词的最高级the可省略）
This is the most difficult book I've read.

② He is cleverer than any other boy in the class.（有than时只用比较级）
She is younger than all the other students.

（8）远离比较级的用法误区
误区一：比较对象非同类或相包含
①
我的尺子比你的长。
误：My ruler is longer than you.
正：My ruler is longer than yours.
②
在冬天北方比南方冷。
误：The weather is colder in the north than in the south in winter.
正：The weather is colder in the north than that in the south in winter.
③
这块手表是所有手表中最好的。　　
误：This watch is the best of all the other watches.
正：This watch is the best of all the watches.

误区二：认为比较级前不能用定冠词the
①
她是两个女孩中比较胖的一个。
误：She is fatter of the two girls.
正：She is the thinner of the two girls.
②
他越忙就越高兴。
误：The busier he is, happier he feels.
正：The busier he is, the happier he feels.
③
长江是中国第一大河。
误：The Chang jiang River is longest riverin China.
正：The Chang jiang River is the longest river in China.

误区三：混用介词in和of
①
你们班最强的男孩是谁？
误：Who is the strongest of your class?
正：Who is the strongest in your class?
②
比尔是这些男孩中年龄最大的。
误：Bill is the oldest in all these boys.
正：Bill is the oldest of all these boys.

误区四：“最……之一”结构误用
①
东京是日本最大的城市之一。
误：Tokyo is one of the biggest city in Japan.
正：Tokyo is one of the biggest cities in Japan.

误区五：修饰词混用
①
他正在讲述的故事很有意思。
误：The story he is telling is much interesting.
正：The story he is telling is very interesting.
②
姚明比我高多了。
误：Yao Ming is very taller than me.
正：Yao Ming is much / a lot taller than me.

一、根据句意从各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确答案。
( )1. ---You are very_________, aren’t you?
---Yes, Our team has won the game.
A. happier B. worried C. sad D. happy
( )2. Do you have _________ size in green? This one is a bit small for me.
A. a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger
( )3. Can you speak a little louder? I can _________ hear you.
A. hard B. really C. hardly D. clearly
( )4. Yesterday I was _________ ill but I feel __________ today.
A. badly, more better B. badly, very well
C. terrible, even better D. terribly, much better

( )5. Now the air in our town is_______than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.
A. even worse B. much better C. rather bad D. very good
( )6. Now_________ are rich to buy cars.
A. more Chinese people and more Chinese people
B. more Chinese people and more
C. more and more Chinese people
D.many and many Chinese people、
( )7. Since China has been a member of WTO, English is _________useful than before.
A. more B. most C. muc D. very
( )8. --- What delicious cakes!
--- They would taste _________ with butter.
A. good B. better C. bad D. worse
( )9. The water in the river is _________ the water in that one. It can’t be used for drinking.
A. as clean as B. not so clean as C. as good as D. not so dirty as
( )10. Oct. 15th was one of_________days in 2003. Shenzhou-V was set up successfully.
A. exciting B. more exciting C. the most exciting D. much exciting
( )11. This is_________story that everyone likes to read it
A. such interested B. such an interesting C. so interesting D. so all interested
( )12. He did everything to make everyone _________.
A. happily B.dearly C. terribly D. friendly
( )13. _________you dive into the water, _________you breathe.
A. Deeper, hader B. The deeper, the harder
C. The deep, the, hard D. Deep, hard
( )14. My grandpa lives _________, but he never feels_________with the little dog.
A. alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, alone D. lonely, lonely
( )15. Mr Green has lived in the_________hotel since he came to China.
A. five-star B. five-stars C. five star’s D. five stars
( )16. Shanghai is larger than ___________ in Jiangsu.
A. the other city B. other city C. any other city D. any city
( )17. You must keep your eyes __________ when you do eye exercises．
A. close B．open C．closed D．opened
( )18. Summer is coming．The days are getting __________.
A. 1ong and long B.long and longer
C. more and more long D.1onger and longer
( )19. --- Mum，I think I’m _________ to get back to schoo1．
--- Not really，my dear．You’d better stay at home for another day or two．
A. so well B. so good C. well enough D.good enough
( )20. --- How can I speak Enslish you?
--- You'd better speak more，I think．
A. as well as B. more than C. as good as D. as much as
( )21. _________, he didn’t heart himself.
A. Unluckily B. Lucky C. Luck D. Luckily
( )22.The_________you get ready，the_________you’ll be able to 1eave．
A. more quicker; sooner B. more quickly; sooner
C. more quickly; earlier D. more quick; earlier
( )23.She worked_________no one knew she was there．
A. so quietly that B. so quietly C. so quiet that D. so quiet as

( )24. --- What was the weather like yesterday?
--- It was terrible. It rained so_________that people could_________go out.
A. hardly; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hardly D. hard; hard
( )25. The meat smells_________. You’d better throw it away.
A. wonderful B. wonderfully C. badly D. bad
( )26. She is ________ than ________ .
A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we
( )27. Jane is ________ than Betty.
A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall
( )28. John's record was not so good as ________ in his team.
A. all the players B.any player's
C. other players D. any other player's
( )29. China is ________ country in the world.
A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest
( )30. Shanghai has a larger population than ________ in china.
A. any city B. all the cities C. any other city D. all other cities

二、根据句意和所给首字母填单词。
1、She had the m______ money of all the students.
2、Grace brought us some flowers from his g_____________.
3、What’s the w________ thing that could happen?
4、There are a lot of competition between the big supermarkets.
5、Does the hotel have a swimming p___________?
6、Whch kind would you like ——v__________ or meat？
7、Did you find out w_______ there are any seats left？
8、It had lasted thirty minutes longer t__________ usual.
9、Please let me know your decision as soon as p________.
10、Sally and Lucy had o________ been close friends.

三、汉译英
1、他读的书比我多。
________________________________________________________________________________

2、这个旅店要比那个旅店好得多。
________________________________________________________________________________

3、学校所有科目中我最喜欢英语。
________________________________________________________________________________

4、这是我听过的最滑稽的笑话。
________________________________________________________________________________

5、这不像我想的那么简单。
________________________________________________________________________________

6、因此，侦探非常容易监视她。
________________________________________________________________________________

7、在一个星期一，当这位妇女走进这家商场时，里面的人比往常少。
________________________________________________________________________________

8．有钱人不总是快乐的。
________________________________________________________________________________

9．他越忙，就越高兴。
________________________________________________________________________________

11．这是我从未见过如此动人的电影。
________________________________________________________________________________

12．长江是世界上最长的河流之一。黄河是中国第二长的河。
________________________________________________________________________________

三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题后的选项中选出适当的项补全短文。
Garden
People has been growing plants in special areas of land，called gardens，since ancient times（古时候）. _______1_______ The first garden has useful purpose. _____2____ Herbs are plants that are used as medicins or for adding flavor（香味）to food. Vegetables and herb gardens remain popular today for the same reasons.
_____3_____ Cottage gardens are a well-known kind of flower fardens，especially in England.
_____4____Groups of plants from similar climates （气候） grow in different sections of
botanical garden. ____5___ A butterfly garden contains plants that attract all kinds of butterflies.

A. Botanical gardens are large gardens that are usuall open to the public.
B. Early gardens led to many different kinds of gardens that people enjoy today.
C. Gardeners grow flower gardens ，such as rose gardens ，for their beauty.
D. There are many other types of gardens grown for people’s enjoyment.
E.They provided food and herbs.

1.____________ 2._____________ 3._____________ 4._______________ 5._______________

四．完成对话，在下面对话空格上填入适当的单词，一空一词，并依次填入右边表格中。
A : How was the exam , Mike ?
B : Not very good . But I think I passed 1
English and Math . How about you , Tim ?
A : The English and Math papers weren’t easy 2 for me .
I hope I 3 failed .
B : In the Math exam I could answer
sixteen of the twenty questions .
1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

But I couldn’t answer the 4 .
They were too hard for me .
A : I 5 the exam . I’m sure I’ve
got a low I.Q .
B : Oh , cheer up ! 6 we don’t do too
7 . The student next to me only wrote
his name at the top of the paper .
A : Yes ?
B : Then he 8 there and looked at the paper
for nearly two hours !
He didn’t write 9 10 .

五、从方框中所给单词中选出10个单词并以其适当形式填入短文空格中，每词限用一次。

cross star both third name hard
he work build Asia is many

His songs are a bit sad, but boy-like smile can quickly warm you up! And people love A-do for 1 of the reasons. He has sung for only two years, but he’s already one of the big 2 in Asia’s pop world. The Singaporean（新加坡的）singer has already made his 3 albums（专辑）. Together more than five million copies have been sold 4 Asia. Last Friday , China’s Music Radio 5 him“the 6 King of Pop”. A-do said he didn’t expect the award ,“It’s great for me .It makes me want 7 even 8 .”His new album , “Hello”came out in December . He sings with the same rough（粗的）voice , and he puts in some rock music . A-do used to be a house 9 . Everyday after work, he would sing by 10 with a guitar. Other workers heard him and told him he should be in a contest（比赛）. A-do hasn’t changed much. He still gets nervous in front of cameras
（镜头）. He’s an everyday hero and shows anyone can do well if they work hard.

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