分词的独立主格结构.doc

分词的独立主格结构分词的独立主格结构是分词的一种特殊形式，在句中作状语。在分词的独立主格结构中，名词或代词同其后的分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等在逻辑上有主谓关系。1.分词的独立主格结构构成类型1)逻辑主语分词或名词代词分词形式。例如：He sat in front of them ,his dusty face masking his age. 他坐在他们的前面，满是灰尘的脸掩盖了他的真实年龄。All things considered,the planned trip will have to be called off. 考虑到所有的事情，原计划的旅行将被迫取消。2)There being主语。例如：There being no danger,the police went back to their police office. 既然没有危险，警察们又回到警局。There having been no rain,the crops were dying. 没有下雨，庄稼就要旱死了。3)with名词词组分词。例如：With the problem settled,they were happy and relaxed. 问题解决了，他们又高兴又轻松。With the price of gold going up,our economy would be improved. 随着黄金价格的上涨，我们的经济形式会有所好转。2.逻辑主语与分词的关系现在分词表示主动，逻辑主语发出、作出动作；过去分词表示被动，逻辑主语承受动作；分词的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。例如：Writing to her,he expresses his wish to be a lawyer.他写信给她，表示自己要当一名律师。I found the letter written ten minutes ago by John.我发现信是十分钟前约翰写的。