人教版初一可数与不可数名词用法知识分享.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,可数不可数名词,half,an,apple,an,apple,three,appl,es,two orang,es,three tomato,es,a piece of,tomato,six pear,s,some,banana,s,a strawberry,many,strawberr,ies,a potato,potato,es,two,hamburger,s,ice cream,tell the words,ice cream,French fr,ies,orange,s,banana,s,strawberr,ies,salad,pear,s,tomato,es,hamburger,s,Review,可数与不可数名词的用法,Pairwork:Review the words and fill in the chart.,countable noun,（可数名词）,apple,banana,orange,pear,strawberry,tomato,hamburger,ice cream,French fries,countable noun,uncountable noun,ice cream,salad,uncountable noun,（不可数名词）,water,可数名词,(countable noun),：,apple,-apples,pear,-pears,hamburger,-hamburgers,banana,-bananas,orange,-oranges,strawberry,-strawberries,tomato,-tomatoes,French,fries,French fries,不可数名词,(,un,countable noun),：,ice cream,salad,ice cream,salad,可数名词,(1),定义,:,是,可以,计数的名词,(2),可数名词前,可以,用,a,an,限定,表示一个,(3),可数名词前,可以,用,one,two,three,限定。,(4),可数名词,有,复数形式。,.,可数名词和不可数名词,.,Grammar,a/an:,不定冠词+可数名词单数,例如:,a pear a bottle an apple,a bottle of water a cup of tea,some:,形容词+1。可数名词复数,2。不可数名词,例如:,some pears some apples,some water some tea,名词特点,词尾加法,词尾读音方法,例词,一般情况,加,-s,1.-s,在清辅音后读,s,2.-s,在浊辅音后读,z,3.-s,在元音后读,z,4.,以音素,s,z,结尾的,读,iz,desks,apples,trees,oranges,以,-s,-x,-sh,-ch,结尾的,加,-es,-es,读,iz,boxes,watches,以,f,或,fe,结尾的,改,f,或,fe,为,v,再加,-es,-ves,读,vz,knives,wives,可数名词复数形式的构成,(1),小结：,可数名词复数的构成方法：,一般在名词后加,-s,：,dog-dogs,2.,以,s,x,ch,sh,结尾的名词加,-es,watch-watches,3.,以辅音字母加,y,结尾的名词加,-es,country-countries,4.,以,o,结尾的名词，一般直接加,-s,少数词加,-es,potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes,5.,以,f,fe,结尾的名词，一般变,f,fe,为,v,再加,-es,6.,特殊变化的单词要熟记,child-children man-men tooth-teeth,knife-knives,4.,可数名词的复数变化：,（,1,）,.,一般情况下在词尾加“,s”,如：,bookbooks.,（,2,）,.,以,s,x,ch,sh,结尾的，加“,es”,，如：,busbuses,boxboxes,watchwatches,fishfishes,等。,（,3.,）以“辅音字母,+y”,把,y,改为“,i”,再加“,es”,，例如：,countrycountries,citycities,。,XK,（,4,）,.,以“,f”,或“,fe”,结尾，要去掉“,f,或,fe”,，再加“,es”,，例如：,knifeknives,等。,（,5,）,.,以“,o”,结尾，表示“有生命或能生长”加“,es”,，其余的则加“,s”,，,例如：,tomatotomatoes,zoozoos.,等。,（6）.不规则变化：,例如：sheepsheep,childchildren,footfeet,manmen,womanwomen,deerdear,pencil-boxpencil-boxes,a man teachertwo menteachers,glassesglasses,trouserstrousers。,名词特点,词尾加法,词尾读音方法,例词,以辅音字母加,y,结尾的,改,y,为,i,再加,-es,-ies,读,iz,families,dictionaries,以元音字母加,y,结尾的,加,-s,-s,读,z,boys,keys,以,o,结尾的,有生命的事物加,-es,-es,读,z,tomatoes,potatoes,无生命的事物加,-s,-s,读,z,photos,radios,可数名词复数形式的构成,(2),不可数名词,(1),定义,:,是指,不能,计数的名词。,Water milk,(2),不可数名词前,不可以,用,a,an,限定。,(3),不可数名词前,不可以,用,one,two,three,限定。,(4),不可数名词,没有,复数形式。,.不可数名词量的表达,1。用,some,修饰不可数名词。表示量的多少。,例如：,some tea,some bread,some meat,2。,用数量词+,of+,不可数名词，表示具体的量。常用的词有,cup,glass,bottle,piece,等。,例如：,a bottle of orange,two pieces of meat,a cup of tea,some tea,a glass of water,some water,既可数又不可数名词,可数名词与不可数名词在一定条件下可以转化。,很多表示蔬菜、动物等的名词,一般来说是,可数的,但是表示餐桌上的食品时,就转换为,不可数名词。,(1),a chicken,一只鸡,chicken,鸡肉,(2),an ice cream,一个冰淇淋,ice cream,冰淇淋,(,指成份,),(3),a salad,一碟沙拉,salad,沙拉,(,指成份,),chicken,小鸡,/,鸡肉,room,房间,/,空间；位置,work,作品,/,工作,paper,报纸,/,纸,glass,玻璃杯,/,玻璃,time,次；倍,/,时间,wood,树林,/,木头,fish,鱼,/,鱼肉,exercise,练习,/,运动；锻炼,light,灯,/,光,fruit,(,各种,),水果,/,水果,既可作,可数,又可作,不可数,的名词：,需要记忆的,特殊复数,形式：,manm,e,n woman-wom,e,n,（例外：,German-German,s,）,tooth-t,ee,th foot-f,ee,t,mouse-m,ice,child-child,ren,deer-deer sheep-sheep,ChineseChinese,JapaneseJapanese,请观察下面表格中的内容,找出可数名词和不可数名词的不同点,然后补全后面的结论部分。,可数名词,an egg,a cake,two eggs,two cakes,some eggs,some cakes,many eggs,many cakes,不可数名词,a glass of,juice,two glasses of,juice,some juice,much juice,【,结论,】,可数名词可直接和不定冠词,a/an,或,1_,词连用来表示具体的数量；而不可数名词不能用不定冠词,a,an,或数词来修饰。但却可以被量词,（,a glass of coffee/water/juice,），,some,，,any,，,much,等词修饰。,数,b.some,意为“一些”,可以修饰可数名词,4 _(,也可以,/,不可以,),修饰不可数名词。,c.,表示“许多”时,5 _,只能修饰可数名词复数,6 _,只能修饰不可数名词。,much,也可以,many,d.,（注意）不可数名词充当句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。,：,chicken _(be)very delicious.,fish_(be)tasty.,:These apples_ mine.,Those books _ good.,is,is,are,are,much,a little,many,a few,a number of,some/a lot of,不,可数名词,可数名词,可数,不,可数名词,不可数名词不能与数词连用，,若要表示相应的数量，则需要借助一定的,单位词,借助表示“张”、“块”的单位词,a piece of paper,一张纸,a piece of advice,一条建议,a piece of news,一条新闻,a piece of chalk,一支粉笔,2.,借助表示容量的词,a bottle of ink,一瓶墨水,a cup of tea,一杯茶,a bowl of rice,一碗米饭,a glass of beer,一杯啤酒,3.,借助表示重量的词,a kilo of salt,一公斤盐,ten tons of coal,十吨煤,4.,借助表示形状的词,a drop of water,一滴水,a grain of sand,一粒沙,.Look and say,a pear,some pears,an apple,some apples,a banana,some bananas,.Rewrite the words.,1.tomato(,复数,),2.fry(,复数,),3.strawberry(,复数,),4.too(,同音词,)5.have(,单三,),6.she(,复数,),7.boring(,反义词,),8.no(,同音词,),9.you(,形容词性物主代词,),10.this(,复数,),tomatoes,fries,strawberries,two/to,has,they,interesting/fun,know,your,these,11.orange(,复数,),12.banana(,复数,),13.photo(,复数,),14.family(,复数,),15.bus(,复数,),16.watch(,复数,),17.woman(,复数,),18.child(,复数,),oranges,bananas,photos,families,buses,watches,women,children,.Translate the phrases,.,1.,一个鸡蛋,2.,一些水果,3.,三个胡萝卜,4.an apple,5.some vegetables,6.ice cream,an egg,some fruits,three carrots,一个苹果,一些蔬菜,冰激凌,.Exercise,1.,Id,like,a,water.,A B C D,2.I,can,see three,glass,of,milk,on,the table.,A B C D,3.There,are some,orange,for,us.,A B C D,4.Would you like,some cake,and,a cup,orange.,A B C D,5.Please,give,him,some,meats.,A B C D,.Ask and answer,I can see,some,apples.,I can see,some,pears.,How many apples can you see？,How many pears can you see？,I can see some.,I can see four.,