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《世纪商务英语——综合教程I~IV》(第三版)是为高职高专院校商务英语专业和经贸专业的学生编写的,目的是培养学生使用英语进行涉外交际和商务交际的能力｡
《世纪商务英语——综合教程I~IV》(第三版)系列教材共有四册,每册10个单元,并配有期中和期末两套测试题｡本册各单元由导入训练(Leadin)､主课文(Text A)､辅助课文(Text B)､情境练习(Real Life Practice)､实用写作(Practical Writing)､知识链接(Knowledge Links)､轻松一刻(Time for Fun)七个部分组成｡每单元的七个部分都围绕一个商务主题来编排,综合培养学生听､说､读､写､译等英语应用能力｡
教师用书各单元按学生用书模块顺序编写,非常方便教师使用,具体包括以下部分:
1.Related Information介绍与单元主题相关的背景知识,作为核心知识的补充内容,有助于深入理解相关的商务知识｡
2.Leadin提供练习答案及听力原文｡听力材料都是真实商务场景中的语言,教师可以通过这些场景进一步介绍商务语言特点并进行相应的口语练习,充分调动学生进行听说交际的积极性,从一开始就把课堂教学变为师生互动和学生互动的模拟口语交际的场所,提高学生商务交际能力｡
3.Text A 和Text B提供语言点学习､课文译文､必要的专业术语讲解及练习答案｡讲解课文时最好以商务知识及商务词汇用法为主,语法讲解为辅,拓宽学生视野,着重培养学生商务意识,提高商务表达能力｡语言点学习对阅读篇章中重点词汇和搭配作了较为详细的讲解,并提供了例句和词汇辨析解释,教师可以根据学生需要选择使用｡Text A可作为精讲课文,对于Text A最后的一个练习,即口语练习,教师应尽可能鼓励学生按要求进行角色扮演或课堂小组讨论,也可作为课后讨论作业,让学生充分准备后,再在课堂上进行表演或演讲｡Text B 可作为补充阅读练习,教师在课堂上可花少量时间进行必要的讲解和指点｡
4.Real Life Practice提供练习答案及必要的完成任务的提示｡此部分练习按照商务场景设置,内容由浅入深,教师可以对学生进行恰当的引导,使学生熟悉商务环境,培养学生在商务环境下的表达能力及应对能力｡
5.Practical Writing提供练习答案､例文及必要的完成任务的提示｡此部分练习设置由浅入深,教师可先对学生用书中的写作说明进行详细讲解,再通过对例文的分析,引导学生掌握如何编排各种文体的写作内容,同时讲解商务知识,在培养学生的商务写作能力的同时增强学生的商务意识和商务交际能力｡
教师可以根据学生水平灵活处理各单元内容｡完成每单元大约需要6学时｡教师可以根据本校具体情况和实际需要自行调整和安排,创造出属于自己的灵活多样的教学途径和方法,鼓励学生在课堂教学的过程中积极思考､自觉参与､获取知识､提高能力｡
《世纪商务英语——综合教程III教师用书》(第三版)由王洗薇任主编,曹阳､曹淑萍､王莹任副主编｡
教材中如存在纰漏之处,敬请各相关院校和读者在使用本教材的过程中给予关注,并将改进意见及时反馈给我们,以便在下次修订时完善｡
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编者
2008年6月
Unit 1 Companies
Related Information (Text A)
1. Company
Generally, a company is a form of business organization. The precise definition varies.
In the United States, a company is “a corporation — or, less commonly, an association, partnership, or union — that carries on a commercial or industrial enterprise.” In English law, and therefore in the Commonwealth realms, a company is a form of body corporate or corporation, generally registered under the Companies Acts or similar legislation. It does not include a partnership or any other unincorporated group of persons.
The word company is traced from a 1150 A.D.(CE) O.Fr. term compaignie or “body of soldiers” and from L.L. companio (companion). The word’s meaning of “subdivision of an infantry regiment” is from 1590. The use of the word in a sense of “business association” was first recorded 1553, having earlier been used in reference to trade guilds (1303). The abbreviation Co. dates from 1759.
Company culture is the distinctive personality of the organization. It determines how members act, how energetically they contribute to teamwork, problem solving, innovation, customer service, productivity, and quality. It is a company’s culture that makes it safe (or not safe) for a person, division or the whole company to raise issues and solve problems, to act on new opportunities, or to move in new, creative directions. A company’s culture is often at the root of difficult peoplerelated problems such as motivation, morale, absenteeism, communications, teamwork, retention, injuries, and insurance claims.
Because a company’s culture affects everything in it — including profits — culture is the real bottom line. A company with a welldeveloped culture, open to all that its members want to bring, easily outperforms competitors.
Company cultures have five distinct parts or levels. A well developed work culture manages each level. Here they are.
1. Equipment and Other Physical Objects
2. The Systems That Coordinate Equipment
3. The Authority Structure That Connects Systems With People
4. Communication That Connects People
5. Experience — Creating Motivation and Trust
2. IBM
The company which became IBM was founded in 1896 as the Tabulating Machine Company by Herman Hollerith, in Broome County, New York (Endicott, New York, Where it still maintains very limited operations). It was incorporated as Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (CTR) on June 16, 1911, and was listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1916. IBM adopted its current name in 1924, when it became a Fortune 500 company.
International Business Machines Corporation, abbreviated IBM and nicknamed “Big Blue,” NYSE: IBM, is a multinational computer technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, USA. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and offers infrastructure services, hosting services, and consulting services in areas ranging from mainframe computers to nanotechnology.
IBM has been known through most of its recent history as the world’s largest computer company; with over 388,000 employees worldwide, IBM is the largest information technology employer in the world. Despite falling behind HewlettPackard in total revenue since 2006, it remains the most profitable. IBM holds more patents than any other US based technology company. It has engineers and consultants in over 170 countries and IBM Research has eight laboratories worldwide. IBM employees have earned three Nobel Prizes, four Turing Awards, five National Medals of Technology, and five National Medals of Science. As a chip maker, IBM has been among the Worldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Sales Leaders in past years, and in 2007 IBM ranked second in the list of the largest software companies in the world.
In the 1950s, IBM became the dominant vendor in the emerging computer industry with the release of the IBM 701 and other models in the IBM 700/7000 series of mainframes. The company’s dominance became even more pronounced in the 1960s and 1970s with the IBM System/360 and IBM System/370 mainframes, however antitrust actions by the United States Department of Justice, the rise of minicomputer companies like Digital Equipment Corporation and Data General, and the introduction of the microprocessor all contributed to dilution of IBM’s position in the industry, eventually leading the company to diversify into other areas including personal computers, software, and services.
In 1981 IBM introduced the IBM Personal Computer which is the original version and progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware platform. Descendants of the IBM PC compatibles make up the majority of microcomputers on the market today, though IBM sold its PC division to the Chinese company Lenovo on May 1, 2005 for $655 million in cash and $600 million in Lenovo stock.
On January 25, 2007, Ricoh announced purchase of IBM Printing Systems Division for $725 million and investment in 3year joint venture to form a new Ricoh subsidiary, InfoPrint Solutions Company; Ricoh will own a 51% share, and IBM will own a 49% share in InfoPrint.
3. Eastman Kodak Company
Eastman Kodak Company (NYSE:EK) is an American multinational public company which produces imaging and photographic materials and equipment. Long known for its wide range of photographic film products, Kodak is refocusing on two major markets: digital photography and digital printing.
Kodak’s origins rest with Eastman Dry Plate Company, and the General Aristo Company, founded by inventor George Eastman and businessman Henry Strong in Rochester, and Jamestown New York. The General Aristo Company was formed in 1899 in Jamestown New York, with George Eastman as treasurer, and this company purchased the stock of American Aristotype Company. In 1901 the Eastman Kodak Company acquired the stock of General Aristo Company. Eventually, the business in Jamestown was moved in its entirety to Rochester, and the plants in Jamestown were razed. The Eastman Dry Plate Company was responsible for the first cameras suitable for nonexpert use. The Kodak company attained its name from the first simple roll film cameras produced by Eastman Dry Plate Company, known as the “Kodak” in its product line. The cameras proved such an enormous success that the word Kodak was incorporated into the company name. George Eastman registered the trademark Kodak on September 4, 1888. The Eastman Kodak Company was founded in 1892. The company is incorporated in New Jersey but has its offices in Rochester, New York. George Eastman, Kodak’s founder, coined the advertising slogan, “You press the button, we do the rest.”
4. Rochester, N.Y.
Rochester is a city in Monroe County, New York State, south of Lake Ontario in the United States. The Rochester metropolitan area is the second largest economy in New York State, behind New York City. Known as The World’s Image Centre, it was also once known as The Flour City, and more recently as The Flower City. It is the county seat for Monroe County
Rochester was ranked 6th among 379 US Metro areas in the 25th edition of the Places Rated Almanac for Most Livable Cities. In 2007, Rochester was ranked as the top city in the country by Expansion Management Magazine for quality of life. Expansion Management rated the region’s public schools sixth best nationwide among metropolitan areas of a million people or more.
Rochester, New York
A portion of Rochester's skyline, looking north-northeast along the Genesee River from the Ford Street Bridge.
Flag
Seal
Nickname: "The Flour City," "The Flower City," "The World's Image Centre"
Motto: Rochester: Made for Living
Related Information (Text B)
1. Ford Motor Company
Ford was launched in a converted factory in 1903 with $28,000 in cash from twelve investors, most notably John and Horace Dodge (who would later found their own car company). During its early years, the company produced just a few cars a day at its factory on Mack Avenue in Detroit, Michigan. Groups of two or three men worked on each car from components made to order by other companies. Henry Ford was 40 years old when he founded the Ford Motor Company, which would go on to become one of the world’s largest and most profitable companies, as well as being one to survive the Great Depression. As one of the largest family controlled companies in the world, the Ford Motor Company has been in continuous family control for over 100 years.
Ford Motor Company is an American multinational corporation and the world’s third largest automaker based on worldwide vehicle sales. Based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, the automaker was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. Ford’s overseas business encompasses only one truly global brand (Volvo of Sweden) other than the Ford brand itself, but it also owns a onethird controlling interest in Mazda of Japan and a small holding in former subsidiary Aston Martin of England. Its former UK subsidiaries Jaguar and Land Rover were sold to Tata Motors of India in March 2008, both companies having been through many changes of ownership in the recent past. Lincoln and Mercury are also Ford’s aspirational brands in the USA, but not in the rest of the world. Ford also sold the brand names of Daimler (excluding certain rights sold to Germany’s Daimler AG), Lanchester, and Rover to Tata Motors of India.
In 2007, Ford became the third ranked automaker in US sales after General Motors and Toyota, falling from the second ranked automaker slot for the first time in the previous 56 years. Ford was also the overall seventh ranked American based company in the 2007 Fortune 500 list, based on global revenues in 2006 of $160.1 billion. In 2007, Ford revenues increased to $173.9 billion, while producing 6.553 million automobiles and employing about 245,000 employees at around 100 plants and facilities worldwide. Also in 2007, Ford received more initial quality survey awards from J. D. Power and Associates than any other automaker, with five vehicles ranking at the top of their categories, and fourteen vehicles ranked in the top three.
Ford introduced methods for large scale manufacturing of cars and large scale management of an industrial workforce, using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines. Henry Ford’s methods came to be known around the world as Fordism by 1914.
2. The Highland Park Ford Plant
The Highland Park Ford Plant was a production plant for Ford Motor Company in the city of Highland Park, Michigan, which is surrounded by Detroit. The Highland Park Ford Plant was designed by Albert Kahn in 1908 and was opened in 1910. Because of its spacious design, it set the precedent for many factories and production plants built thereafter. In 1913, the Highland Park Ford Plant became the first automobile production facility in the world to implement the assembly line. In the late 1920s Ford moved automobile assembly to the River Rouge Plant complex in nearby Dearborn. Automotive trim manufacturing and tractor assembly continued at the Highland Park plant. It became a National Historic Landmark in 1978. It is now used by Ford Motor Company to store documents and the Henry Ford Museum for artifact storage.
Lead in
1.Listening
A. 1. introduce my company2. established in 20063. printing high quality posters
4. visit our website 5. more information about our products
B. 1. international manufacturers and exporters2. For further details
3. potential buyers4. European Union
5. don’t hesitate to contact us6. early reply
C. 1. international consultancy2. specializing in3. medicine industries
4. develop their products 5. is based in6. 20 8951 79637. 7739 7846901
D. 1. leading 2. providing professional equipment3. active in these markets
4. in the fields of5. software engineering
3. Supplementary Reading
1. Company culture is the shared values and practices of the company’s staff.
2. Company culture can make or break your company. Good company culture will always benefit your business. A company with proper business culture often lives longer with better future.
3. Staff turnover; development of the company; environment in which the company operates.
4. Company culture should support a positive and productive environment.
Text A
Language Study
1. ...that broad term has encompassed dozens of offerings and meanings, including consulting, custom programming, designing, building and installing complex information systems, etc.
that不是连词,而是代词｡including是现在分词引导的状语,后面的几个动名词都是做它的宾语｡
encompass vt. include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one’s sphere or territory;
The festival is to encompass everything from music, theatre and ballet to literature, cinema and the visual arts.
The general arts course at the university encompasses a wide range of subjects.
2. derive (from) vt. to get or obtain something from something else
The institute derives all its money from foreign investments.
She derives great pleasure/satisfaction from playing the violin.
be derived from
Thousands of English words are derived from Latin.
3. maintenance n.1)activity involved in maintaining something in good working order
Maintenance of P
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