资源描述
初中英语语法知识考查要点_初中英语
文字〖大中薪自动滚屏
1.名词
(1)不规则名词的单、复数形式要特别记忆:
man—men, woman—women, child—children, foot—feet, tooth—teeth
(2)单数、复数同形的名词:
fish, sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese
(3)常用复数形的名词:
trousers, shoes, glasses
(4)只有复数形的名词:
thanks, clothes
(5)单数形式但其意为复数的可数名词:
people, police
(6)有生命的名词所有格形式:
单数名词加's,复数名词加s',不是以s结尾的复数名词加's,如-children's
room
(7)无生命的名词所有格用of结构表达:
如-the capital of China
(8)表示并列名词各自所有,在各名词词尾加's:
如-Tom's and Mary's bikes (两人各自的自行车)
(9)表示并列名词共同所有,则在后一个名词的词尾加's:
如-Tom and Mary's mother (即Tom与Mary是兄妹)
(10)关于时间、距离、长度、重量、价格的所有格:
如-ten minutes' walk, ten miles' journey, a boat's length, two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth
(11)双重所有格:
a friend of my father's
2.形容词与副词
(1)原级,比较级,最高级词形变化:
①[单元音+单辅音]的单音节词
fat—fatter—fattest
thin—thinner—thinnest
hot—hotter—hottest
big—bigger—biggest
②以y结尾的双音节词
easy—easier—easiest
heavy—heavier—heaviest
pretty—prettier—prettiest
③劣级比较
less+形容词/副词原级+than
例-She is less beautiful than Mary。
④两者之间用比较级,在比较级前加定冠词,三者以上用最高级
例-He is the taller of the two。
She is the best player of the three。
⑤越……越……的表达法
例-The days are getting hotter and hotter。
The more you study, the more you learn。
⑥修饰比较级的词有:much, by far, even, a little, a great deal…
例-She is much better now。
切记不要用比较级来修饰比较级。
3.连词
(1)动词与*近的主语一致:
这样的连词有-or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also。
(2)or的用法:
①作或者讲
例-You or your friend has to go to the teachers' office。
②作否则讲
例-Hurry up, or you will be late for school。
(3)and与but:
例-He has no money and he is poor。
He is poor but he is honest。
4.介词
(1)表示时间:
at:表示某一时间点
如-at noon
on:表示特定的日子
如-on Christmas
in:表示一段不具体的时间
如-in the morning, in the Second world war
如表示在某一特定的早上、下午则用on
如-on a cold morning, on a hot afternoon, on Sunday morning
during:表示期间内的某个时期
如: during the night, during the Second World War
for:其后接表示一段时间长度的词
如-for three days
through:表示在整个期间没有间歇
例-It snowed through the night。
till/until:表示动作持续的终点
例:I studied hard till twelve o'clock last night。
by:表示动作完成期限
例-I'll be back by five o'clock。
since:表示某动作的起始点
例:I have studied English since1990.
(2)表示地点:
at:表示较小的地点
如-arrived at the school gate
in:表示较大的地点
如-arrived in Shanghai
for:表示目的地
例-I'll leave for Shanghai。
above:表示上面,上方,其反意词是below
over:表示垂直上方,其反意词是under
例-The dog jumped over the table。
through:表示穿过
如-through the forest
across:表示平原上的跨越
例-I want to walk across the road。
5.动词
(1)动词的时态:
B2B99.COM
展开阅读全文