北京科技大学翻译硕士英语2012年考研真题.doc

翻译硕士考研网北 京 科 技 大 学2012年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=试题编号： 211 试题名称： 翻译硕士英语 （共 11 页）适用专业： 翻译（专业英语） 说明： 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。=I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points, 1 point each. 60 minutes)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on your answer sheet. 1. He was frustrated because, although he was adept at making lies sound _, when telling the truth, he lacked the power to make himself believed. A. convincing B. plausible C. true D. logical2. The corporation expects only _ increases in sales next year despite a year long effort to revive its retailing business. A. modest B. sequential C. unquestionable D. exaggerated3. The mother said she would _ her son washing the dishes if he could finish his assignment before supper.A. let down B. let alone C. let off D. let out4. My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a 1923 Edison disc I _ at a garage sale. A. trifled with B. scraped through C. stumbled uponD. thirsted for5. While not _ with the colorfully obvious forms of life that are found in a tropical rain forest, the desert is host to a surprisingly large number of species. A. endowed B. teeming C. confronted D. imbued6. Although I had been invited to the opening ceremony, I was unable to attend _ such short notice. A. to B. in C. with D. on7. The journalist deprecated the efforts of environmental protection to stop deforestation, claiming that they had actually _ the problem. A. initiated B. indicted C. accelerated D. alleviated8. I think your sister is old enough to know _ to spend all her money on fancy clothes. A. other thanB. more thanC. rather thanD. better than9. The emotional outburst was quite unusual for him; he is typically one of the most _ individuals you could ever meet. A. stoic B. demonstrative C. extroverted D. inimical10. Despite her gregariousness, she seems to have been a woman who cherished her _ highly. A. integrity B. privacy C. friendships D. humility11. To those consumers who are more influenced by style than by performance, the _ value of the sports car outweighs its functional flaws. A. pragmatic B. utilitarian C. inexplicable D. aesthetic12. The defendants contrite behavior was not an act; he truly felt great _ for the crime of which he was accused. A. apprehension B. indigence C. remorse D. bliss13. The fact that even the most traditional European language has _ such words as “e-mail” seems to indicate that no language is impervious to foreign influences. A. originatedB. prohibitedC. incorporatedD. recounted14. Despite the attempts to depict the stock market as driven by predictable financial principles, many investors believe that the price of any security is _. A. valuable B. responsive C. obscure D. capricious15. A student becomes a thinker only when he or she realizes that most so-called facts are merely _ claims, each serving its purpose only temporarily. A. provisionalB. authoritativeC. dramaticD. pedantic16. She approached her homework assignments in such a (an) _ way that it is difficult to believe that she is at the top of her class. A. diligentB. laggardC. adeptD. fanatical17. Because the team had been eliminated from the playoffs, they played with _ in their final games, losing by an average of forty points per game. A. fortitudeB. resolutionC. vigorD. apathy18. Those who fear the influence of television deliberately _ its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.A. underplayB. promoteC. excuseD. laud 19. As the employees motives were found to be _, no disciplinary action will be taken against him for the mistake. A. absurdB. benignC. gratuitousD. improvised20. To _ peoples hunger for adventures, they came up with many high-tech video games. A. harmonizeB. enhanceC. nullifyD. appease21. Theories _ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds. A. actingB. centeringC. relyingD. commenting22. Once accepted as an incontrovertible truth, the theory that nine planets revolve around our sun is now regarded by astronomers as _. A. dubiousB. irrefutableC. universalD. conclusive23. Although based on an actual event, the film lacks verisimilitude: the director shuffles events and _ documentary truth for dramatic power. A. embracesB. exaggeratesC. substitutesD. sacrifices24. The _ of the neighborhood is revealed by subtle practices, like the fact that so many people in the community use the same hand gestures when speaking.A. adaptabilityB. diversityC. cohesivenessD. creativity25. Only if the number of applicants continues to _ can the admission committee justify offering more scholarships in order to increase the number of applicants. A. expandB. plummetC. mushroomD. burgeon26. She writes across generational lines, making the past so _ that our belief that the present is the true focus of experience is undermined. A. complexB. vividC. mysteriousD. distant27. A common argument claims that in folk art, the artists subordination of technical mastery to intense feeling _ the direct communication of emotion to the viewer. A. facilitatesB. neutralizesC. impliesD. represses28. I dont understand what youre getting so _ about. Its really not a problem. A. worked outB. worked overC. worked upD. worked against29. The smile on the Monalisa has been the source of much _ among art historians, who continue to interpret her expression in many different ways. A. assentB. deliberationC. concurrenceD. reconciliation30. The Prime Minister had vetoed the proposal in the past; thus, it came as a surprise to the public when he _ the same law in his most recent speech. A. denouncedB. initiatedC. articulatedD. sanctionedII. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 points each. 60 minutes)Section IDirections: In this section there are three reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet. Passage One Last week, The Washington Post ran a front-page story that said most stay-at-home moms arent S.U.V. driving, daily yoga-doing, latte-drinking, upper-middle-class women who choose to leave their high-power careers to answer the call to motherhood. Instead, they are disproportionately low-income, non-college educated, young and Hispanic or foreign-born; in other words, they are women whose horizons are greatly limited and for whom the cost of child care, very often, makes work not a workable choice at all. These findings, drawn from a new report by the Census Bureau, really ought to lead us to reframe our public conversations about who mothers are and why they do what they do. It should lead us away from all the moralistic bombast about mothers “choices” and “priorities”. It should get us thinking less about choice, in fact, and make us focus more on contingencies the objective conditions that drive womens lives. And they should propel us to think about the choices that we as a society must make to guarantee that the best possible opportunities are available for all families. The basic finding of this latest report that the more choices mothers have, the more likely they are to work has been known, to anyone whos taken the time to seriously look into the issue. Ever since 2003, when Lisa Belkins article in The Times magazine about highly privileged and ultra-high-achieving moms “The Opt-Out Revolution” was generalized by the news media to claim that mothers overall were choosing to leave the work force in droves, researchers have been revisiting the state of mothers employment and reaching very similar conclusions. In 2007, the sociologists David Cotter, Paula England and Joan Hermsen looked carefully at four decades of employment data and found that women with choices those with college educations were overwhelmingly choosing to stay in the work force. The only women “opting out” in any significant numbers were the very richest those with husbands earning more than $125,000 a year and the very poorest those with husbands earning less than $23, 4000 a year. You might say that the movement of the richest women out of the workforce proves that women will, in the best of all possible worlds, go home. But these women often have husbands who, in order to earn those top salaries, work 70 or 80 hours a week and travel extensively; someone had to be home. Many left high-powered careers that made similar demands on their time. The alternative narrative of constricted horizons, not choice that might have emerged from recent research has never really made it into the mainstream. It just cant, it seems, find a foothold. “The reason we keep getting this narrative is that there is this deep cultural ambivalence about mothers employment,” England told me this week. “On the one hand, people believe women should have equal opportunities, but on the other hand, we dont envision men taking on more child care and housework and, unlike Europe, we dont seem to be able to envision family-friendly work policies.” Why this matters and why opening this topic up for discussion is important is very clear: because our public policy continues to rest upon a fictitious idea, eternally recycled in the media, of mothers free choices, and not upon the constraints that truly drive their behavior. “If journalism repeatedly frames the wrong problem, then the folks who make public policy may very well deliver the wrong solution,” is how E. J. Graff, the associate director and senior researcher at Brandeis Universitys Schuster Institute for Investigative Journalism once put it in the Columbia Journalism Review, “If women are happily choosing to stay home with their babies, thats private decision. But its a public policy issue if schools, jobs and other American institutions are structured in ways that make it frustratingly difficult, and sometimes impossible, for parents to manage both their jobs and family responsibilities.”1. What is the significance of the report run by the Census Bureau?A. It changes the images of what mothers are.B. The society should notice the importance of mothers choices. C. We need talk about what mothers should do rather than the choices they have. D. More attention should be paid to opportunities offered to change womens current lives. 2. The phrase “in droves” in Paragraph 3 means _.A. under stimulationB. in groupsC. driven by conditionsD. none of the above 3. The fourth paragraph claims that _.A. the very richest prefer to opt out for the wealth they ownB. demands on time are the only reason for the poorest at homeC. financial affluence leads to the womens “opting out”D. family responsibility forces women to stay at home4. According to the passage, _ is the root cause of women staying at home. A. the mediaB. their own choiceC. the public policyD. school structure5. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Choice of Non-Working WomenB. The Opt-Out Revolution of WomenC. The Objective Condition of WomenD. Women in Employment MarketPassage TwoYou dont have to be Julian Assange, the man behind WikiLeaks, to think that governments have a nasty habit of abusing their powers of secrecy. Or that, whether governments are corrupt and malign or merely negligent and incompetent, then sunlight is often the best disinfectant. One of the jobs of journalism is to make a grubby nuisance of itself by ferreting out the establishments half-truths and embarrassments. And one of the jobs of the courts is to police the press by protecting whistle-blowers while also punishing libel and treachery. But the most recent WikiLeaks dump of diplomatic cables has overturned that order in two ways. First by its sheer volume. When you have not just a handful of documents to release, but more than 250,000 emails seemingly touching on every file in the State Department, however dusty, you discredit not just one government official or one policy, but an entire way of going about diplomacy. It is too soon to know what effect the leaks revelations will have. The newspapers have so far published the e-mails piecemeal, and a lot more are to come. Foreign-policy experts are right when they say they have learned little that is radically new. Revelations about the tireless nightlife of Italys aging prime minister will surprise no one. Given that hundreds of thousands of people had access to the cables, the sensitive stuff will already be in the hands of many a spy service. But the experts also miss a larger point: they themselves are part of the elite inner-circle that WikiLeaks wants to break open so that Everyman can judge for himself. Perhaps shattering all those taboos might do some good. The public airing of Arab leaders fears of an Iranian bomb might shake others complacency about the issue. But any gains will come at a high cost. In a world of WikiLeaks, diplomacy would no longer be possible. The secrecy that WikiLeaks despises is vital to all organizations, including government - and especially in the realm of international relations. Those who pass information to American diplomats, out of self-interest, conviction or goodwill, will be less open now. Some of them, like the Iranian businessman fingered as a friend of America, could face reprisals. In the past, the rights and wrongs of all this could have been determined by public debate, the passage of some legislation and the courts. Not any longer. The second way in which WikiLeaks has overturned the old order is by being beyond jurisdiction. America can and will try to use its laws to protect its secrets. But even if it locks up Bradley Manning, the 23-year-old serviceman thought to be behind the leaks, and even if it captures Mr. Assange, the information is out, on a network of computers somewhere in cyberspace. In any case, there will be the other Mannings and other Assanges. You cannot uninvent the technology for copying a St