新编大学英语第二册课后答桉.doc

Unit 1
? Part Two Reading centered activities
Pre-reading
Reading Comprehension
1. Understanding the structure of the passage
Para.1-4 c  para.5-7 a   para.8-11 b  para.12-13 d
2. 1) They would stare at them.
  2) He felt embarrassed/ ashamed
  3) He never let on.
  4) He usually walked there with the help of his son
  5) He was pulled on a child’s sleigh to the subway station
  6) He like basketball, dances, and parties
  7) He asked them to sit down and fight with him.
  8) He was proud of his son
  9) He missed him very much and was sorry for what he had thought about him.
  10) He learned to have a good heart from his father.
3. 1) C 2) A  3) C  4) B  5) D  6) A  7) B  8) C  9) D  10) A
4. Understanding the reference Words.
1) the difficulty in coordination the steps
2) whether a person has a good heart
3) a good heart
4) the baseball team
5) sat down to fight
6) what the son has achieved
7) sensed
8) the reluctance to walk with him
? Vocabulary
1. 1) urged
  2) halted
  3) bother
  4) embarrassed
  5) adjusted
  6) complain
  7) kid
  8)engage
9) subject
10) saw to it that
11) coordinate
12) participate
2. Word-building
patience
bitterness
fortune
knowledgeable
reluctant
entrance
complaint
envious
memorable
frustration
1) bitter
2) fortunate
3) patience
4) memorable
5) reluctant
6) entrance
7) complaints
8) envious
9) knowledgeable
10) frustration
? Translation
1. He walks slowly because of his bad leg.
2. He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.
3. He saw to it that the same mistake didn’t happen again.
4. Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better, the get along just fine.
5. Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys.
6. I send you my best wishes on this happy occasion.
       Unit 2
?  Part Two Reading centered activities
Pre-reading
Reading Comprehension
1. Understanding the main idea of the passage
1) different
2) problems
3) communication
4) translator
5) trust
6) acceptance
7) exaggerate
8) superlatives
9) metaphors
10) generalizations
11) unsupportive
12) literally
13) rethink
14) translate
2. Understanding Specific Information
1) F  2) T 3) F  4) T  5) T  6) F  7) T  8) T  9) T  10) T
? Vocabulary
1. 1) mess
2) repeat
3) mislead
4) intends
5) tend
6) exaggerates
7) frustrating
8) misinterpreted
9) acceptance
10) trust
2. Step One
1) f 2) c  3) a  4) k  5) I  6) e 7) h   8) j 9) g  10) b 11) d
  Step Two
1) conveyed/ conveyed
2) assistance
3) encounter
4) conflict
5) emphasis
6) reacted
7) recognize
8) manner
9) assumed/assume
10) emerged/emerges
11) ignore
3. 1) out  2) on  3) with  4) of 5) In  6) in  7) to  8) on 9) At 10) of
? Translation
1. I went to the dentist yesterday to have a bad/decayed tooth pulled out.
2. The development of things depends fundamentally on internal causes.
3. All roads lead to Rome.
4. I meant/intended to give you that book today, but I forgot to bring it with me.
5. I was on the verge of accepting his advice.
6. Divorce is not a matter you can afford to take lightly.

Unit 3
Part Two
Post-reading
? Reading Comprehension
1. Understanding the Organization of the Text
1) Introduction (para.1)
Each person has the potential to win in his own way.
2)  The meaning of “winner” and “loser”(Par. 2)
A winter is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive
A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely
3) Few people are winners and losers all the time.(Par.3)
4) Winners (Par. 4-7)
Characteristics of a winner:
A. A winter is genuine
B. A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge.
C. A winner is flexible.
D. A winner has a love for life.
E. A winner cares about the world and its people.
5) Losers (Para. 8-10)
Possible causes: Poor nutrition, cruelty, unhappy relationship, disease, continuing disappointments, and inadequate physical care.
Characteristics of a loser:
A. A loser lacks an ability to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behavior.
B. A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love.
2. Understanding Specific Information
1) C  2) D  3) A   4) B  5) C
? Vocabulary
1.
1) appreciate
A.感激
B. 欣赏，赏识
2 ) Capacity
   A. 容量，容积，容纳力
   B. 能力，力量，才能
3) channel
A. 频道
B. 把---导向，引导，集中
4) contribute
A. 捐献，捐赠，贡献出
B. 有助于， 促成
5) flexible
A. 有弹性的，柔韧的
B. 灵活的，可变通的
6) guilt
A. 罪，罪行
B. 内疚，自责，悔恨
7) potential
A. 潜在的，可能的
B. 潜力，潜能
8) rigid
A. 硬的，不易弯曲的
B. 严格的，刻板的
2． achieve---achievement
depend---dependence
cruel---cruelty
genuine---genuineness
aware---awareness
capable---capability
expect---expectation
limit---limitation
unique—uniqueness
respond—response
disappoint---disappointment
behave—behavior
1) expectation  2) limitations  3) capability  4) achievement 5) response
6) awareness  7) behavior  8) disappointment  9) cruelty 10) dependence
3. 1) entered into  2) channeled ---into  3) holds/held back
  4) unaware of  5) separates---from  6) referred to ---as
  7) lived up to  8) calls for    9) contributes to  10) sees/ saw ---as
? Translation
1. Lack of confidence contributed to his failure.
2. She has shown great courage in the face of her serious illness.
3. We came to the conclusion that she was telling the truth.
4. His secretary failed to tell him about the meeting.
5. Learning languages isn’t just a matter of memorizing words.
6. Once she has made her decision, no one can hold her back.
7. It’ll be difficult to live up to the standards set by our captain.
8. The scientist referred to this discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
Part Four
Writing and Translation
2. Translation Practice
1) Failure is the mother of success.
2) Any man who is afraid of failure will/can never win.
3) Success means that you enjoy/love and are good at doing what you are doing now.
4) One who is eager to win will not necessarily win quickly.
5) A successful person doesn’t ask for things from others. On the contrary/ Instead, he will ask himself: “ What can I leave to this world?”
6) A real winner is someone who makes the greatest contributions to the society, not the one who is the richest, or the most famous.
Unit 4
Part Two
Post-Reading
? Reading Comprehension
1. Understanding the Organization of the Text
1) Introduction (Para. 1-2)
The term placebo is introduced: when it is prescribed and what it is.
2) The study of the placebo(Para.3-7)
i)The placebo works because the human mind fools itself.
ii)The placebo makes the wish to get better become reality.
iii)The doctor
70 percent or the people
only 25 percent of the people
3) seasickness, coughs, colds, pain after an operation
nothing at all
The first group showed no changes from the way old people in that village had always been.
a placebo
The second group had much better health and a lower death rate.
a real drug which was intended to help with the problems of old age.
The third group showed much the same results as the group that took the placebo.
4) if the placebo can have bad effects it should never be used.
2. Understanding Specific Information
1) Yes 2) No 3) Maybe  4) Yes 5) Yes 6) No 7) Yes 8) Maybe
? Vocabulary
1.
1) A. a substance used for treating illness, especially a liquid you drink
B. the treatment and study of illness and injuries
2) A. an act of firing a gun
B. an injection of a drug
3) A. the part of a spacecraft in which astronauts live and work
B a plastic container shaped like a very small tube with medicine inside
4) A. become whole and sound, return to health
B. cause to become mentally or emotionally strong again after a bad experience
5) A. a particular way of behaving towards someone or of dealing with them.
B. a method that is intended to cure an injury or illness.
6) A. the process of cutting into someone’s body to repair or remove a part that is damaged
B. the process of making a machine or system work
7) A. a person or their particular problem that a doctor is dealing with
B. a situation that exists, especially as it affects a particular person or group
8) A. make someone think that a particular thing is true; indicate
B. tell someone your ideas about what they should do, where they should go, etc.
2. 1) a 2) e  3) f  4) d  5) g  6) h  7) c  8) b
? Translation
1) All I can say is that we are extremely sorry.
2) In many cases regulations alone will not work.
3) He is highly likely to succeed because of his intelligence and diligence.
4) She stared at me as if I were a stranger.
5) It is reported that three people were injured in the traffic accident yesterday.
6) I feel angry at the way he (has) treated me.
7) The patient is much the same this morning as he was yesterday.
8) I’d like to stay (at) home this evening rather than go out.
Unit5
Part Two
Post-Reading
? Reading Comprehension
1. Understanding the Organization of the Text
I Introduction: Questions concerning dreams have puzzled human beings. (para.1)
II Dreaming and sleeping (para. 2-3)
1) When does dreaming occur?
When we are in REM sleep.
2) What are the main purposes of sleeping?
To give us rest and to allow us to dream.
III Possible causes of dreams (para. 4-6)
1) Physiological
Example: Sleeping with one’s feet too close to a heater may cause one to dream of walking on hot coals.
2) Reflection of inner fears
Example: Worrying about losing one’s job may cause one to dream of losing one’s job.
IV Dreaming interpretation (para.7-9)
1) The earliest dream dictionary included symbols such as drinking wine to indicate a short life and drinking water to indicate a long life.
2) Artemidorus’ dictionary includes symbols such as right hand (father), left hand (mother) and dolphin (a good omen).
3) Most experts warn that dream interpretations should be treated with care.
2 Understanding Specific Information
1) T     2) T     3) T    4)T    5) F    6) T    7) T     8) T      9) F      10) F
? Vocabulary
1 1) explanation   2) enthusiasts    3)frustrating   4)popularity    5) unconscious       
6) electrical   7) movements    8) recognizable    9) interpretation    10) countless
2 Task A
1) asleep   2) sleepless  3) sleep   4) sleepy  5) asleep    6) slept  7) sleeping, sleep  
8) sleeper
 Task B
1) submerged: (cause to) go below the surface of the sea, river or lake （使）浸没，淹没
2) subculture: the behavior, practices, etc. associated with a group within a society亚文化
3) submarine: a special type of ship which can travel under water潜水艇
4) subway: (BrE) a path for people to walk under a road or railway地下通道; (AmE) a railway that runs under the ground地铁
5) subzero: (of temperatures) below zero零度以下的
6) Subtropical: related to an area near to a tropical area, or typical of that area副热带的，亚热带的
7) subspecies: a subdivision of a species（物种的）亚种
8) subnormal: below an average or expected standard, especially of intelligence低于正常的

3. 1) progressed  2) puzzled  3) process  4) reflected  5) predict  6) advances  7) symbol  8) ancient   9) error  10) conscious  11) analysis  12) inner
? Translation
1 You will see that what I am saying now will come true.
2 The lecture was so boring that half (of) the students fell asleep.
3 The problem of unemployment is tied up with the development of new technology.
4 His appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize him.
5 The castle dates back to the 14th century.
6 She has never done anything for them, whereas they have done everything they can for him. 

Unit6
Vocabulary
1. 1) common  2) appropriate  3) forbidden  4) supplies  5) related
 6) evidence  7) requires     8) raise      9) spread   10) sufficiently
2. 1) disgusting  2) habit  3) insects  4) reasonable  5) relatively
 6) animals    7) harvested  8) grow  9) nearly   10) other
 11) altogether  12) consumed  13) avoided  14) popular 15) offers
 16) served    17) would   18) enjoyed  19) considered  20) reject
3. 1) g  2) f  3) b  4) c  5) h  6) e  7) I  8) d  9) a  10) j
Translation
1. We regard him as one of the best players in the game.
2. The scientist picked up those little pieces of rock and carefully put them into a box.
3. The population of China is almost five times as large as that of the United States.
4. The reason why grass is green was once a mystery to the little boy.
5. She was standing by the window, apparently quite calm and relaxed.
6. Profits have declined as a result of the recent drop in sales.
7. She put on dark glasses as a protection against the strong light.
8. He could no longer be trusted after that incident.
Part Three
Further Development
1. Jokes and Riddles About Food
Step one
1) Pear. 2) Mushroom.
2 Food Proverbs
1) d: Half a loaf is better than none.有一点总比没有好。
Meaning: Even if you have only a little, it is better than none at all.
2) e: The proof of the pudding is in the eating.布丁好坏，一尝便知。
Meaning: Something new can only be judged to be good or bad after it has been tried or used.
3) b: Too many cooks spoil the broth.厨师多了烧坏汤。
Meaning: if there are too many people trying to do the same job at the same time, the job will not be done well.
4) f: One man’s meat is another man’s poison.甲之熊掌，乙之砒霜
Meaning: Something that one person likes may not be liked by someone else.
5) g: You can’t have your cake and eat it too. 两者不可兼得。
Meaning: if you eat your cake, you can’t have it. In other words, one can’t have two good things at once.
6) c: Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.不要把一切希望寄托在一件事上。
Meaning: Don’t depend completely on one thing or one course of action in order to achieve success. Or one should try alternative ways.
7) a: It’s no use crying over spilt milk.事后不要无益地后悔。
Meaning: It’s useless to waste time feeling sorry about an earlier mistake or problem that can’t be changed.
3 Preparing Food
Unit 7
Vocabulary
1.
1) save
A. help someone by making it unnecessary for them to do something unpleasant or inconvenient
B. keep money so that you can use it later, especially when you gradually add more money over a period of time
2) mission
A. an important job that someone has been given to do especially when they are sent to another place
B. a group of important people who are sent by their government to another country to discuss something or collect information
3) do
A. be suitable or acceptable
B. cook
4) expose
A. leave something no longer covered or protected
B. make known (something secret), reveal
5) modesty
A. behavior in which one avoids talking about one’s abilities, qualities, or possessions
B. the quality or state of being not large in size or amount, or not expensive
6) observe
A. watch someone or something carefully
B. obey (a law, rule or custom)
7) flight
A. a set of stairs between one floor and the next
B. a journey in a plane or space vehicle
8) bow
A. v. bend your body over something, especially in order to see it more clearly
B. n. a knot of cloth o