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一般现在时学案.doc

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华粤存档资料 The Present Simple Tense 一般现在时 Step 1. Pre-test 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 do—-do have—ha be—- pass—pass watch—watch wish—wish mix—mix study—stud Step 2. Showing learning aims 1. To master the present simple tense. 2. To practise using the present simple tense. Step 3. Analyzing and practising Self-study 1. 定义: 表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。 2.构成:主要有两种形式: 1) be型:句子的谓语动词只有be(am,is或are): a.肯定句中,只出现be,如: I a student.我是一名学生。 b.否定句中,要在be后面加not,如: She a teacher.她不是教师。 c.一般疑问句,要将be放在句子开头(注意句首字母大写),句尾用问号,答语用Yes,主语+be.或No,主语+be+not.如: —Are you ready? —你准备好了吗? —Yes,I .—是的,我准备好了。 —No,I .—不,我没准备好。 2) 实义动词型:句中的谓语动词为实义动词(也叫行为动词): a.肯定句中,只出现实义动词,如: I up in the morning.我早晨起床。 b.否定句中,要在实义动词前面加do(does)+not,do(does)作助动词,本身无意义,常与not缩写成don't(doesn't),如: I vegetables.我不喜欢蔬菜。 c.一般疑问句,要在句子开头加助动词Do(does),句尾用问号,简略答语用Yes,主语+do(does).或No,主语+do(does)+not.如: —Do you like oranges?—你喜欢桔子吗? —Yes,I .—是的,我喜欢。 —No,I .—不,我不喜欢。 3. 谓语动词的变化规律是: 1) 在动词后加-s,-es read - reads,write - writes,say - says 2) 以o,s,x,ch,oh,sh 结尾的词加-es go—goes,guess—-guesses,mix—mixes,teach - teaches,wash - washes 3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-es try - tries,carry - carries 4) 特殊变化的词 be (是) - am, is, are have (有) - have, has I am I, we, you, they, 名词复数都用have; she/he/it, 名词单数都用 is; she/he/it is, 名词单数都用 has; we, you, they, 名词复数都用are; 4. 用法: 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语:always总是, usually通常, regularly经常地, often经常, every morning/night/evening/day/week, sometimes有时, occasionally偶尔, from time to time, twice a week, rarely稀少, seldom很少, hardly几乎不, scarcely几乎不, yearly每年, monthly每月, once a month, never. 如:①We often (write) to each other. 我们时常相互通信。 ②Father always (read) newspaper after breakfast. 父亲总是在早餐后读报。 2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 如:①The sun (rise) in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ②After summer (come) autumn. 秋天在夏天之后。③Light (go) faster than sound. 光的传播速度比声音快。 3) 表示格言或警句中。 如:Pride (go) before a fall. 骄者必败。 ☆注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 如:Columbus proved that the earth (be) round. 4) 表示主语的特征,性格,能力时,首先考虑一般现在时: 如:①He (have) a big nose. 他长了个大鼻子。(长相特征) ②The worker (work) hard. 这位工人工作很努力。 ③ she (like) music? 她爱好音乐吗? ④She (be) a quiet person. 她少言寡语。  5) 表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事。 如:①He (start) next week. 他下个星期出发。   ②We (leave) very soon. 我们很快就离开。   ③The train (start) at 10 o'clock in the morning. 火车将在早上10点开出。   这类用法限于表示“移动”的动词:go去,come来,leave离开,start出发,begin开始,arrive到达,take off起飞等。 6) 用在感叹句中: 如:①Here (come) the bus!公共汽车来了。 ②There (go) our train!我们的火车开走了。    练习吧 一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. -What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday. 二、按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句) 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) Step 4. Homework 改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? __________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 3. He likes play games after class. __________________ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________ 5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. ________________ 第 5 页 共 5 页
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