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四级词汇天天背.doc

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第一天[2003.02.14.] abandon vt. 抛弃,离弃 The cruel man abandoned his wife and child. 那个狠心的男人遗弃了妻儿。 vt. 放弃 They had abandoned all hope. 他们不再抱任何希望。 [考点]abandon+doing sth ability n. 能力 I do not doubt your ability to the work. 我不怀疑你干这项工作的能力。 [反]inability aboard adv. 在船(飞机、车)上 Welcome aboard! 欢迎各位搭乘本机(船)! adv. 上船(飞机、车) prep. 在船(飞机、车)上; 上船(飞机、车) abroad adv.(在)国外,出国 Do you like being abroad ? 你喜欢在国外生活吗? [同]oversea absence n. 缺乏,不在场;缺乏,没有 in the absence of definite information 没有确切消息的情况 [同]lack [难点] absence from 不在,缺乏 in the absence of 缺乏…的情况下 absent adj. 缺乏,不在 be absent from school 旷课 adj. 茫然的,恍惚的 absentminded 心不在焉的 absolute adj. 绝对的,纯粹的,完全的 [同]complete absolutely adv. 完全地,绝对地 absorb vt. 吸收 absorb knowledge 吸取知识 [同] take in vt. 吸引…的注意,使全神贯注 [考点] be absorbed in … 全神贯注于… abstract adj. 抽象的[反]concrete n. 摘要,梗概 an abstract of a speech 一篇演说的摘要 [同]summary abundant adj. 丰富的,富有的,充裕的 [考点] be abundant in 富于,富有 abuse n. 辱骂 shower abuse on sb. 大骂某人 n. 虐待;滥用 an abuse of trust 辜负别人的信任 vt. 辱骂;虐待[同]ill-treat vt. 滥用 Don’t abuse your authority. 不要滥用你的威信。 academic adj. 学院的,学术的;理论的 The issue is academic. 此问题过于注重理论。 accelerate v. 加速;促进 [同]speed up accent n. 口音,腔调 a Cockney accent 伦敦东区的口音 n. 重音 acceptance n. 接受,同意;承认,认可 The proposal met with general acceptance. 这个建议得到普遍的认可。 access n. 接近(或进入)的权利(方法或机会等) Only high officials had access to the Emperor. 只有高级官员可以接近皇帝。 n. 通道,入口 [同]entrance [难点] have / gain access to 可以获得(或接近)… accidental adj. 偶然的,意外的;附带的 accommodation n.(pl.)住处,膳宿 accompany vt. 陪伴,陪同 He was accompanied by his secretary. 他有秘书随行。 vt. 伴随,和… 一起发生 lightning accompanied with thunder 雷电交加 vt. 为…伴奏 The singer was accompanied at the piano by Gerald Moore. 该歌手由杰拉尔德·穆尔钢琴伴奏。 accomplish vt. 完成,实现 a man who will never accomplish anything. 永远一事无成的人 vt. 达到(目的等) Can you accomplish your purpose ? 你能达到目的吗? accordance n. 一致,符合 [难点] in accordance with 与… 一致,按照,根据 accordingly adv. 因此,于是;照着,相应地 account n. 叙述,说明;帐,账户 open an account 开户头 vi. (for)说明(原因等) His illness accounts for his absence. 他因为生病,所以才缺席。 [难点] settle one’s account (with) 结清欠账;(喻)报复 on account of 由于,因此 on no account 决不(放句首时句子倒装) take…into account 对…加以考虑 account for 说明…的原因 accumulate v. 积累,积聚 [同]pile up ; store up accuracy n. 准确,正确性 [同]precision n. 精确度 accurate adj. 准确的,精确的 [同]exact , precise accuse vt. 控告,告发 [难点] accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人… The police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。 accustomed adj. (to)习惯的,惯常的 [难点] be/become accustomed to sb./sth. 习惯于… = be/become used to sb./sth. achieve vt. 完成,实现 [同]accomplish , complete vt. 达到,得到 [同]attain 第二天[2003.02.15.] achievement n. 完成,达到;成就,成绩 acid adj. 酸的,酸性的 n. 酸,酸性物质 acquaintance n. 熟人 He has a wide circle of acquaintance. 他交际很广。 n. 从经验获得的知识,习知 He has some acquaintance with German. 他略懂德文。 [难点] make the acquaintance of sb. 与某人相识 have a bowing / nodding acquaintance with sb. 与某人有点头之交 acquire vt. (由技术、能力、努力或行为而)获得、得到 acquire a good knowledge of English 熟谙英文 [考点] an acquire taste 嗜好 acre n. 英亩 action n. 行动,行动过程;作用 [难点] bring/call sth. into action 使起作用,使生效,使操作 put/set sth. in action 实行,开动 put sth. out of action 使停止工作,使不适用 take action 开始行动,采取行动 the action on 对...的作用 activity n. 活动、活性 His time of full activity is past. 他充满活力的时期已经过去了。 n. 活动,所做或待做的事情 My numerous activities leave me little leisure. 繁多的事务使我一点空闲也没有。 actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 actually adv. 实际上 ad n. 广告 adapt v. (使)适应,(使)适合 He adapt himself to his new conditions. 他适应了新的环境。 v. 改编,改写 The book is adapted to the needs of beginners. 本书经过改写以适合初学者的需要。 [难点] adapt...to,adapt to 适应,适合... addition n. 加,加法;附加物 [难点] in addition 另外,加之 in addition to 除...之外 additional adj. 附加的,另外的 adequate adj. 足够的,充分的 $10 a week is not adequate to support a family. 十美元一周不足以维持一个家庭。 [反]inadequate adjective n. 形容词 adjust vt. 调整,调节 The body adjusts itself to change in temperature. 身体能自行调节以适应气温变化。 [同]adapt n. 校正,校准 adjust the errors 校正错误 adjust the meters 校正仪表 administration n. (事务,尤指公共事务,国家政策等)管理,经营;行政机关,局 Successive Administrations failed to solve the country's problems. 历届政府未能解决该国的问题。 admission n. 准许进入,准许加入 Admission free. 不收门票。 n. 承认,供认 by/on his own admission 如他自己所承认的 admit v. 承认,供认 I admitted my mistake. 我承认我的错误。 I admitted to feeling ashamed of my conduct. 我承认我对自己的行为感到惭愧。 [同]acknowledge ; confess n. 准许...进入,准许...加入 Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school each year. 该校每年只收一百名男生。 [难点] 承认,供认... admit sth. admit to doing sth. admit doing sth. adopt vt. 采用,采纳 European dress has been adopted by people in many parts of the world. 欧洲服饰为世界许多地方的人们所采用。 [考点] adopted 作前置定语意为“收养的”,作后置定语为“采纳的” adopted children 收养的孩子 methods adopted 采用的方法 adult n. 成年人[同]grown-up adj. 成年的,成熟的 [同]mature advanced adj. 先进的,高级的 advantage n. 优点,有利条件 The school has many advantages. 这学校具有很多优点。 [同]superiority n. 利益,好处 He gained little advantage from his visit to Landon. 他游历伦敦获益甚少。 [难点] gain/have an advantage over 优于,胜过 in advantage of 利用,乘...之机 take advantage of 趁机利用 We should take advantage of these good conditions. 我们应充分利用这些良好的条件。 adventure n. 奇遇;冒险 adverb n. 副词 advertisement n. 广告;做广告,登广告 advisable n. 优点,有利条件 adj. 明智的,可取的 [难点] It is advisable that ... + should do (表示虚拟) aeroplane n. 飞机 [同]airplane affect v. 影响 The climate affected the amount of the rainfall. 气候影响了雨量。 v. 打动,感动 The audience was deeply affected. 听众深受感动。 affection n. 爱;感情 [难点] have an affection for/towards sb. 喜爱某人 afford vt. 负担得起, I cannot afford the expense. 我花不起这笔费用。 vt. 供给,给予 [难点] can't afford to do sth afford sb. sth 提供某人某物 afterwards adv. 以后,后来 I did not remember the answer until afterwards. 到后来我才想起答案。 [同]after 第三天[2003.02.16.] agency n. 代理(处),代办处 agent n. 代理人,代理商 a general agent 总代理商 law agent 法律顾问 a secret agent 密探 My agent has power to sign my name. 我的代理人有权代我签字。 n. 经纪人 house agent 房产经纪人 n. 作用者;作用物;动因 Rain and sun are the agents that help plants to grow. 雨水和太阳是促使植物成长的因素。 aggressive adj. 侵略的,好斗的;敢做敢为的,有进取心的 agreement n. 同意、一致 We are in agreement on that point. 在那一点上我们意见一致。 [同]harmony n. 协定,协议 come to an agreement with sb. 与某人达成协议 [考点] in agreement with 同意… aid n. 援助,救护 [同]support n. 助手,辅助物 vt. 帮助,援助 He came to aid me to buy this box. 他来帮我买下箱子。 aircraft n. (单复数同型)飞机,飞行器 airline n. (飞机的)航线;航空公司 airplane n. 飞机 alarm n. 警报,报警器;惊慌 vt. 使警觉;使惊恐 Don’t alarm yourself. 不要惊慌。 vt. 向…报警 alcohol n. 酒精,乙醇 [同]liquor , spirits alike adj. 相同的,相像的 The two brothers are very much alike. 这两兄弟非常相像。 alloy n. 合金 alloy steel 合金钢 v. 使成合金,搀和 alphabet n. 字母表 alter vt. 改变,变更 The nuclear structure is altered. 核结构发生了变化。 alternative n. 供选择的东西;取舍,抉择 adj. 两者择一的;供选择的 altitude n. 高度,海拔 [同]height ; elevation aluminium / aluminum n. 铝 amaze vt. 使惊奇;使惊愕,使惊叹 [同]surprise ; astonish ambition n. 雄心,抱负;野心 A boy who fills ambition usually works hard. 一个胸怀大志的男孩通常很用功。 ambulance n. 救护车 amount vi. (to)合计,共计 His debt amount to $5000. 他的债务共达5000美元。 [同]add up (to) ; number ; total vi. 等同,接近 What he said amount to nothing. 他的话不重要。 [同]correspond (to); equal ; (be)equal (to) amuse vt. 给…以消遣,给…以娱乐 We amused ourselves with the cat while we waited. 我们在等待时以逗猫为乐。 [同]entertain. analysis n. (pl.)analyses 分析,分解 Chemical analysis of water yields hydrogen and oxygen. 水经化学分解会产生氢和氧。 n. 分析结果 in the final analysis 归根到底 analyse vt. 分析,分解 It was analysed by a strain energy method. 这是用应变能力方法解决的。 ancestor n. 祖宗,祖先;动物品种的原型;(法律)被继承人 anchor n. 锚,锚状物 cast (drop)anchor 抛锚 vi. 抛锚 The ship anchored in the harbor. 这条船在港口抛锚。 ancient adj. 古代的,古老的 angle n. 角,角度;观点,看法 What angle are you writing this story ? 你是从何种观点写这故事 ? [同]viewpoint [难点] at the angle (of…) 从…角度 an acute (a sharp) angle 锐角 a right angle 直角 an obtuse angle 钝角 ankle n. 踝,踝关节 hurt one’s left ankle at broad jump 跳远时伤了左踝 announcer n. 报幕员,播音员 第四天[2003.02.17.] annoy vt. 使烦恼,使生气 She is annoyed at his question . 她对他的质问感到恼怒。 vt. 打搅 [同] bother annual adj. 每年的,年度的 n. 年鉴 ant n. 蚂蚁 anticipate vt. 预料,期望 We don’t anticipate much trouble. 我们不希望有太多的麻烦。 [同]foresee , expect [难点] anticipate + doing anxiety n. 焦虑,担心;渴望,担忧 [同]eagerness [难点] anxiety to see hime anyhow adv. 无论如何,不管怎样 Anyhow I must finish this work today. 我今天必须完成这项工作。 adv. 不论用何种方法 anyway adv. 无论如何,不管怎样 [同]anyhow apart adv. 分开,分离 The pages are stuck together and I can’t pull them apart. 这几页粘在一起。 adv. 相隔,相距 They are a thousand miles apart. 他们相隔1000英里。 adv. 除去,撇开(与from连用) Wood and coal have been man’s primary sources of energy apart from direct solar heat. 除去直接的太阳热以外,木材和煤一直是人类的主要能源。 apartment n. 房间;一套公寓房间[同]flat apologize vt. 道歉,认错 [难点] apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向某人道歉 apology n. 道歉,认错 [难点] make / offer apology to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉 express one’s apology 表示歉意 present one’s apology 致以歉意 apparatus n. 器械,器具,设备 [同]equipment , appliance , tackle apparent adj. 表面上的, [同]seeming [反]actual adj. 显然的,明明白白的 [同]evident , obvious appeal vi. 呼吁,恳求 The prisoner appealed to the judge for mercy. 囚犯恳求法官开恩。 [同]plead vi. 申诉 appeal against a decision 不服判决而上诉 vi. (to)诉诸,求助 [同]resort vi. 吸引 Do these paintings appeal to you ? 你对这些画感兴趣吗? [同]attract n. 呼吁,要求[同]plea n. 申诉;吸引力[同]attraction [难点] appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁 appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事 appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 make an appeal for … 恳求… appearance n. 出现,露面 make one’s first appearance 初次登台 n. 外观,外貌 [难点] keep up appearance 顾全面子,撑场面 in appearance 外表上看起来 appetite n. 食欲,胃口;欲望[同]desire [难点] have an appetite for 对…有欲望 appliance n. 器具,器械,装置 applicable adj. 适当的,合适的,可应用的 [同]appropriate , suitable [难点] be applicable to sth./doing sth. 适合于…,适应于… application n. 申请,申请表;应用,实施 [难点] (make an)application to sb. for sth. 向某人提出…申请 application of sth. to sth. …至…的应用 apply v. 申请,请求 apply to the Consul for a visa 向领事申请签证 v. 应用,运用,适用 We can apply his findings in new developments. 我们可将他的调查结果应用于新开发中。 [难点] apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请… apply sth to sth. 将…应用于… apply oneself (one’s mind/one’s energies) to (doing) sth. 全神贯注与… appoint vt. 约会,指定;任命,委托 They appointed him director of the office. 他们委任他为办公室主任。 [难点] appoint sb. (to be ) + 职务 appointment n. 约会,预定 keep (break)an appointment 践(违)约 n. 职位;任命,选派 appreciate vt. 感激,感谢 I deeply appreciate your kindness . 我深深地感谢你的好意。 vt. 正确评价 appreciate sth. by a high standard 以高标准鉴赏某物 vt. 欣赏 [难点] appreciate (one’s)doing approach n. 途径,方法 all the approach to the top of the hill 通往山顶的所有通道 n. 接近 by easy of approach 容易接近 vt. 靠近,接近 I saw a figure approaching me. 我看见一个人影朝我走来。 vt. 探讨 vt. 向…靠近;与…打交道 approach sb. on sth. 为某事与某人打交道 [难点] appropriate for / to sth. 对…适当的;适合于…的 approval n. 赞同,同意 Do not lightly or disapproval 别轻易表示赞同或反对 n. 批准,审定,通过 He gave his approval to the plan. 他批准了这项计划。 approve v. 批准,通过 approve a project 批准方案 [同]agree officially v. 赞同,同意 They approved of my decision. 他们赞成我的决定。 [难点] approve sth. 批准… approve of sth. 赞同,同意 approve of sb. doing approximate adj. 近似的,大约的 vi. (to)近似,接近 His description of the event approximated to the truth. 他对于这件事的描述很接近于事实。 [难点] be approximate to sth. 接近于…的 approximate to sth. 近似,接近 arbitrary adj. 任意的,随心所欲的;专横的,专断的 architecture n. 建筑学,建筑术;建筑式样,建筑风格 第五天[2003.02.18.] argue vt. 辩论,争论 We are arguing with each other about the justice of the war. 我们正在争论这场战争的正义性. vi. 辩论,争论;说服 [考点] argue with (against) sb. About (on) sth. 与某人辩论某事 argue against (for)… 为反对(或赞成)…而辩论 argument n. 辩论;论点;论据,理由 arise (arose ; arisen ) vi. 出现 A new problem has arisen. 出现了一个新问题. vi. 升起,起来(与from连用) Accidents arose from carelessness. 事故产生了疏忽. arithmetic n. 算术 arouse vt. 引起,激起,唤起 His sufferings aroused out sympathy. 他的痛苦引起我们的同情. vt. 唤醒 [同]awaken [难点] arouse sb. from … 从…中唤醒某人 arouse sb. to do sth. 唤起某人做… arrange v. 安排,准备工作 I have arranged for a car to meet you at the airport. 我已备妥一部汽车到飞机场来接你. v. 整理,排列,布置 She’s good at arranging flowers. 她擅长插花. [难点] arrange for sb. / sth. to do sth. 安排…做… arrangement n. 整理,排列;(常用复数)布置,安排 to make arrangement for … 做好…的准备 arrest v. 逮捕,拘留;抑制 n. 逮捕,拘留;阻止 [难点] arrest sb. for… 因…而逮捕某人 arrest sb. on a charge of … 以…罪而逮捕某人 arrival n. 到来,到达 They signed in the arrival upon a sheet. 他们在一张纸上签到. n. 到达的人或物 arrow n. 箭;箭头符号 artificial adj. 人工的,人造的;虚假的,做作的 [难点] artificial rainfall ( respiration ) 人工降雨 artificial insemination ( selection ) 人工授精(选择) artificial fiber ( silk ) 人造纤维(丝) artist n. 艺术家,美术家 artistic adj. 艺术(家)的 ash n. (pl.)灰,灰末 burn sth. to ashes 把某物烧成灰烬;骨灰,遗骨 Asian adj. 亚洲的,亚洲人的 n. 亚洲人 aside adv. 在旁边,到(或向)一边 [考点]aside from = apart from 除…以外(还有) aspect n. 样子,外表,面貌 We become afraid of a man with a serious aspect. 我们害怕外貌严肃的人. n. 方面,方位 We should consider a problem in all its aspect. 我们应该全面地考虑问题. assemble v. 集合,调集 The pupils were assembled in the school hall. 学生们在学校礼堂集合. v. 组装,装配 assemble a watch 装配手表 assembly n. 集合,集会 freedom of speech and assembly 言论和集会的自由 the U.N. General Assembly 联合国大会 n. 装配 assess vt. 估价,评价 They assessed the house at 15,000 Yuan. 他们给房子估价为15,000元. vt. 征收 assign vt. 指派,选派 Two pupils were assigned to sweep the classroom. 两个学生被指派打扫教室. vt. 分配,布置(作业) The teacher assigned homework to pupils. 老师给学生布置家庭作业. vt. 指定(时间、地点等) Has a day been assigned for the trial ? 审讯日期是否已定? [难点] assign sth. to sb. / sth. 把…分配给… assign sb. to sth. / to do sth. 指派某人做… assignment n. (分派的)任务,(指定的)作业 [同]task n. 分配,指派 assist vt. 援助,协助,帮助 assistance n. 帮助,援助 [同]help [难点] give / lend / render assistance to sb. = come to sb.’s assistance = be of assistance to sb. 帮助,援助某人 associate vt. 使发生联系,把…与…联合在一起 I always associate that song with my visit to Hawaii. 听到那首歌我就联想到我的夏威夷之行. [同]connect vi. 交往,结合 Never associate with bad companions 别和坏人交往. n. 伙伴,同事,合伙人 adj. 副的 associate professor 副教授 [难点] associate … with … 把…与…联合在一起 = link … to / relate … to (with) / combine … with / connect … with associate with 与…交往(合伙) association n. 协会,社团 freedom of speech , press , assembly and association 言论,出版,集会和结社的自由 n. 联系,交往 assume vt. 假定,设想 assume a statement to be correct 假定一种说法是正确的 vt. 承担 assume office 就职 vt. 采取,呈现 assume a look of innocence 装出一副无辜的神情 [难点] assuming that … (引导条件状语从句)假如 assure vt. 使确信,使放心 He assured me that the repairs would be finished tomorrow. 他告诉我修理工作明天一定结束. [同]convince vt. 保证,保障 [难点] assure sb. of 使某人相信,向某人保证… astonish vt. 使惊讶,使吃惊 The news astonished everybody. 这消息令每个人感到惊愕. [难点] astonishing 令人惊讶的 astonished (被动意义)受惊的 astronaut n. 宇航员 第六天[2003.02.19.] athlete n. 运动员,体育家 Atlantic adj. 大西洋的 n. (the)大西洋的 atmosphere n. 空气 ; 大气,大气层; 气氛,环境;大气压 atom n. 原子;微量 blow sth. to atoms 把某物炸得粉碎 atomic adj. 原子的,原子能的 attach vt. 贴上,系上 attach a bell to a bike 在自行车上装个铃 vt. 使依附,使隶属 a worker’s college attached to a plant 附属于工厂的工人大学 vt. 使依恋,使喜爱 [难点] be attached to … 附属于… ; 爱慕… attach importance to … 重视… attain vt. 达到,获得 attain one’s hopes 实现其希望 [同]gain , accomplish vi. ( to ) 到达,达到 attain to
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