TEM-4专四词汇.doc

6e204b1a612436bc42bcdf7fe438ba24.doc

Words Extension of TEM-4

42

A

1. About
The job is about done. 差不多
Turn about and walk away slowly. =Turn around About turn! 向后转
Wondering about with no place to go
Let’s look about for help. 四周 各个方向
The patient is up and about again.
There was no body about. 在附近
Rumour is about. 谣言纷传。
Come about 发生 / leave… about 到处乱放/ go about…（着手）做/ see about 负责处理
Set about… 开始做/ be about to do/ while you are about it…在你干某事的同时，顺便

2. Above
Too good or too honest to do sth （因善良诚实而）不屑于 不至于（做某事）
She’s not above lying when it suits her. 她在适当时机还是会说谎的
He’s above suspicion =he is completely trusted.
Above yourself 自高自大 be above one 太高深，无法理解
Children aged 12 and above.

3. Across
在（身体某部位）上
A grin spread across her face. He hit him across the face.
It’s too tight across the back.
Be across to [美口]是。。。的责任
Across from 在。。。正对面

4. After
Not long after that 不久以后
After you 请先走
After you with the paper 报纸你看完了给我看
Be after doing sth 1.正要做某事 2. 刚做了某事

5. Air
Airs and graces 摆架子，装腔作势，矫揉造作
Float/walk on air 欢天喜地，得以洋洋
In the air 在传播中 on/off (the) air 正在/停止播放
Up in the air 悬而未决

6. Answer
Answer the phone/the door
Have/know all the answers （自以为）全懂，什么都精通
Answer to the name of sth （尤指宠物）名叫，叫做
Answer for sth 对。。。负责，因。。。受到谴责 answer to sb (for sth) 向某人对某事负责
Answer for sb 代表。。。讲话，代表。。。的意见

7. Arm
In each other’s arms 拥抱着
Cost/pay an arm and a leg （使）花一大笔钱
Keep sb at arm’s length 与某人保持距离，不亲近某人
Armed to the teeth （written） 武装到牙齿，全副武装

8. Around
Have been around （a lot） 阅历(很)多，世故（很）深
Bring sb around 使某人恢复知觉
Get around 绕过回避
Hang around 在附近徘徊

9. Arrive
Sb has arrived 某人成功了
Arrive at sth = reach

10. As
As against sth 和…相比较/对照
As and when 到时候
As it were 可以说，在某种程度上
As to sth / as regards sth 关于，至于

11. Away
Away with…(literary) 让（sth/sb）消失吧。

B

1. back
A. Back to back: 1背靠背 2 连续 eg.: A① Stand back to back and let's see who's taller
②Fortunately, I picked winners back to back in the last few races

B. back to front: 前后颠倒 本末倒置 eg: ①Your trouble is you've got your priorities back to front ② you have got your sweater back to front

C. know somewhere like the back of one’s hand 对 了入指掌
D．back sth/sb up 证实或支持某人或某人的话 eg He drought along a file of document to back up his claim
E. back up 退后 e.g. The bus had to back up and turn around

2. Bad
A. have/get a bad name: 坏名声 e.g. the bar had a bad name and was avoided be the locals
B. give a bad name: the Sanlu milk powder gave a bad name of Chinese diary industry
C. spoken: ①it is too bad that ……太遗憾 e.g. it is too bad that you didn’t go hiking with us last week
②it is not that bad / it is not as bad as all that 并没有所想的那么糟 e.g.. It is not that bad anyway.
③too bad 咎由自取I am going to be late---too bad , you should have gotten up earlier

3．Beat n. 心跳(声), 打, 敲打声, 拍子vt. 打, 拍打, 打败 vi. 打, 拍打, 打败 a. 疲乏的, 颓废的
beat sb. black and blue把某人打得青一块紫一块
beat the enemy打败敌人
That problem has beaten me. 那个问题把我难住了
The bird beat its wings. 鸟扑打翅膀。
Spoken: ①(it)beats me: I don’t know sth or I can’t explain sth
②can you beat that/it?: you are surprised or annoyed by sth
③beat one’s brains out: sb‘s been working very hard and for a long time e.g.: I've been working my brains out trying to finish this essay

4．beyond [表示位置]在[向]...的那边, 在...之外
[表示时间]迟于..., 到...以后
[表示范围, 限度]超出
[常用于否定句和疑问句]除...以外
The road is beyond that hill.
路在山的那一边。
Some shops keep open beyond midnight.
有些商店营业到半夜以后。
The rumour is beyond belief.
这谣言不可信。
I know nothing of it beyond what he told me.
除了他告诉我的以外, 别的我什么都不知道。
Spoken: It is beyond me. [口]我能力所不及; 我不能理解。
beyond sb. 为某人所不能理解
beyond oneself 精神错乱; 忘形; 失态

5. bite ①once bitten ,twice shy: if u have failed or been hurt once, you will been more careful next time
②bite the hand that feeds you: harm sb that helped or supported you
Chew 咀嚼，嚼碎 nibble 轻咬 peck 鸟啄

C

1. Call
Call away 叫走 She has been called away for some job.
Call by 顺路访问 If you are in at six this evening, I'll call by and pick up my books.
Call for 接 We will call for her early tomorrow morning.
需要 This is a problem that calls for immediate solution.
邀请
Call in 召集,召来 You could call in the twelve guys who had access to the report.
Call off 取消 The meeting was called off.
Call on 拜访 OK if I call on you tomorrow?
号召;请求 You'd better call on your friends to help you.
Call to mind (使)想起 I cannot call to mind the name of the man I saw yesterday
Call up 打电话给 She called up a friend just for a chat.
应征入伍 He asked Congress for stand-by authority to call up the reserves.

2. Carry
Carry away 使失去自制力 He tends to get carry away when watching wrestling on TV
带走 Water can carry away the soil only if it is flowing fast.
Carry off 使丧命 Cholera carried him off that year.
获得，夺得 John carried off all the prizes in the contest.
Carry the day 获胜(占优势) Former Gov. Edmund G. Brown Jr. led a labor march through lower Manhattan, asserting that his anti-establishment appeal would carry the day.
Carry out 实行(执行,实现) He balked me to carry out my plan.
Carry through 完成 He carried through the work in a month.
Carry weight 有分量,有影响 Our boss' s opinions seem to carry very little weight at home.

3. Catch
Catch on 变得流行 It is a nice song and I think it will catch on quickly.
理解 He's always the last to catch on.
Catch sight 看见Don' t let me catch sight of you doing it again !

4. Chair
Take the chair 主持会议 Mr. Smith will take the chair at the next meeting.
Clean
Clean out 打扫 He cleaned out the garden shed.
耗尽 Mary has already cleaned out all her savings.
Clean up 打扫;整理 She is cleaning up the kitchen now.
梳洗 Wait a minute. I'll have to clean up.
【俚】大捞一笔 He cleaned up in the stock market last year.

5. Clear
Keep clear of 避开 You should keep clear of danger.
Make clear 讲清楚,表明 She makes clear to us that she wants to be master in her own house.
Clear up (天气)放晴 It cleared up soon after the rain.
清理 Clear up the desk, will you?
澄清 We hope to clear the matter up quickly.

6. Clever
Be clever at 擅长 be clever at making model planes
be clever with 善于使用 be clever with money, a needle, one's hands

7. Clock
put the clock back  把钟拔回(使时光倒退) Forget all about it and look to the future; you can't put the clock back.
复旧 The government's put the clock back with its new plans for education.
Work against the clock抢在某一时刻前完成工作 They had to work against the clock to meet the deadline.

8. Come
Come forward自告奋勇;站出来 Only one witness of the accident has come forward.
(建议等)被提出讨论 The matter will come forward at the next meeting.
Come off 成功 Her attempt to break the world record nearly came off.
Come out 出版 A pocket edition of the dictionary will come out soon.
结果是 The party came out all right.
传出 When the news came out, everyone was shocked.
总计 The total came out at 1010.
出现 The moon came out from behind the clouds.
Come round苏醒 Pour some water on his face he'll soon come round.
到来 May Day will soon come round.
come up against 碰到 We have come up against an unexpected problem.

9. Corner
be in a tight corner   处于困难 Besides, he had confidence in his own strength, and believed that even in a tight corner he would be able to extricate himself.

10. Cost
at the cost of  以...为代价 He saved the girl from drowning at the cost of his own life.

11.Cover
under the cover of   在..掩护下 The soldiers crept forward under the cover of darkness.

12. Cross
cross out 删掉 You had better cross out the last name.
13. cut
cut across 径直穿过 In order not to be late, she cut across the field.
Cut in插话 Don't try to cut in while others are talking.
超车 Drivers who habitually cut in are bound to cause accidents sooner or later.
Cut out删去 Cut out all the vulgar expressions.
关掉 Cut out the engine, will you?
安排 These are the tasks cut out for this week.

D

1、Dance
⑴Dance to one’s tune: to do what someone wants you to do---used to show disapprove e.g.: She was uneasily aware that she was dancing to his tune, doing what he wanted.
⑵Dance attention on sb.: to do everything possible to please someone
E.g.: a movie star with several young men dancing attention on her

2、dare
⑴Dare (to) do: I dare not go home.
⑵Dare sb. to do: to persuade sb. something unusual to prove they are brave e.g.: One night they dared Jim to steal something in the shop.
⑶For a dare/ on a dare: because someone dares you to
e.g.: She ran across a busy road for a dare.

3、dark
Keep sb. in the dark: keep someone knowing nothing about something important ex.: They were kept in the dark about the fact.

4、day
⑴Call it a day: stop doing sth. ⑵Day after day:日复一日
⑶Day by day:一天天 ⑷Day and night:夜以继日
⑸Make somebody’s day: make somebody very happy
E.g. His action really made my day.

5、decide
Decide on/upon: 决定，选定
e.g. Have you decided on a date for the wedding?

6、die
Die away: become gradually weaker until disappear
e.g. Her voice died away as she saw the look on his face.
Die back: if a plant dies back, its part above ground die but its roots still alive
Die down: become less strong, active, and violent
e.g. Don’t worry, the gossip will soon die down.
Die off: die one by one until there are no more of them
Die out: to disappear or stop existing completely
e.g. The wild population of koalas is in danger of dying out.
Die for Die of

7、do
⑴Do away with: to get rid of something or stop using it
e.g. People thought that the use of robots would do away with boring low-paid factory jobs.
⑵Do sb. down: to criticize someone, especially in an unfair way
e.g. I know you don’t like him, but there’s no need to keep doing him down in front of the boss.
⑶Do for sb/sth.: to kill someone or harm something or someone very badly
e.g.: Working 100 hours a week nearly did for me.
⑷Do somebody in: to kill sb. or to make sb. feel extremely tired
e.g.: He was planning to do himself in.
That walk really did me in.
⑸Do up: do something up:修缮，整新
Do oneself up: to make yourself look neat and attractive
e.g.: Sue spent ages doing herself up.

8、drive
⑴Drive at: what somebody is driving at: the thing someone is really trying to say ex. I still couldn’t understand what Toby was driving at.
⑵Drive somebody away: to behave in a way that makes someone leave
e.g.: He was cruel because he wanted to drive me away.
⑶Drive down (up): to make prices, costs etc fall (rise) quickly
e.g.: We have to drive down costs.
⑷Drive out: to force someone or something to leave

9、drop
⑴Drop back: to move more slowly than other people so that they can get ahead of you ex. He dropped back to talk with her.
⑵Drop off: to begin to sleep ex. She kept dropping off at her desk.
⑶Drop somebody/something up ⑷Drop in

E

1. Each ⑴every ①She has a bottle in each hand.
②You get two cookies each.
⑵each and every 用于强调讨论的是有关每一个个体的
There are issues that affect each and every of us.
⑶each to his/their own 用于强调每个人的看法、观点都是不同的，尤其在不能认同他人时 I should have chosen something more modern myself, but each to his own.
⑷be at each other’s throats
If two people are at each other’s throats, they are fighting or arguing.

2. Eager ⑴be eager to do something: He is a bright kid and eager to learn.
⑵be eager for something: The fans are eager for a glimpse of the singer.
⑶eager beaver 过于勤勉的人

3. Ear ⑴ whisper /say (sth) in sb’s ear 耳语
⑵to sb’s ear 在某人听来
It sounded odd to the ears of an ordinary English speaker.
⑶reach one’s ears 被某人听到
I just wondered if the rumour had reached your ears.
⑷prick (up) one’s ears 竖起耳朵仔细听
Jay pricked up his ears when I mentioned a vacation.
⑸smile/grin from ear to ear 非常高兴
She came out of his office, beaming from ear to ear.
⑹ear for 学习…的能力
She has no ear for languages at all.
⑺a sympathetic ear 满怀同情地听
He is always prepared to lend a sympathetic ear.
⑻close/shut your ears to sth 拒绝听到某些不好的消息
→turn a deaf ear 不愿意听
→fall on deaf ears 被忽视

4. Early ⑴the early hours 午夜与清晨之间的这段时间
The attack happened in the early hours of Sunday morning
⑵an early start: We need to make an early start tomorrow.
⑶an early night 睡得比平时早
I think I will get an early night.
⑷early bird/riser 起得早的人

5. Earth ⑴cost/pay/charge the earth 花了一大笔钱
It must have cost the earth!
⑵宗教中指人生在世，人间:①hell on earth 人间地狱
②move heaven and earth 极为努力想要做成某事
⑶come back/down to earth 开始脚踏实地
She soon brought him back down to earth.
⑷go to earth 藏起来躲开正在追你的人
⑸promise sb. the earth/moon 许下不可能实现的承诺

6.Eat ⑴eat your words 承认自己所说的是错的
I am going to make you eat your words.
⑵eat your heart out 某物非常棒:That’s a great drawing, Pablo Picasso eat your heart out.
非常想要某人、某物::If you had any sense you’d forgot him, but eat your heart out if you want to.
⑶eat sb. alive/eat sb. for breakfast 非常生气，要生吞活剥某人
⑷eat sth 渐渐吞噬
The stones are being eaten away by pollution.

7.Either ⑴an either-or situation 必须要做出选择的情况
⑵could go either way 两个结果出现的可能性是相当的
⑶me either (spoken) 我也没有

8. Else ⑴above all else 高于一切的，最重要的:Above all else she was seeking love.
⑵what else can sb. do/say? 还能做（说）什么呢？别无选择

9. Empty ⑴empty words/gestures/promises 不真诚的、空的话、动作、诺言
His repeated promises to pay them back were just empty words.
⑵do sth on an empty stomach 空着肚子做事
I cannot work properly on an empty stomach.
⑶empty into 注入，流入
The Mississippi River empties into the Gulf of Mexico.
⑷empty-handed 空手而归
I spent all morning looking for a suitable present, but came home empty-handed.
⑸empty-headed 蠢的，不聪明的

10. Enemy ⑴natural enemy 天敌
Cats and dogs have been natural enemies.
⑵sworn enemy 不共戴天的仇人
⑶public enemy number one 全民公敌第一号
His views made him public enemy number one in the eyes of the media.

11. Enough ⑴Would you be good/kind enough to hold this door open? (Spoken) 极为礼貌的询问
⑵near enough 接近了（当你在猜测数字、数量、时间等时）
The full cost comes to ￡3000, near enough.
⑶enough to go round 足够多以使每人都能分到
Do you think we have pizza to go round?
⑷not nearly/nowhere near enough 远远不够
⑸have had enough (of sth) 受够了
I have just about had enough of your stupid remarks.
⑹enough is enough (spoken)正在发生的某事应该要停了
12. Even ⑴even so 即使如此
⑵even