《法律英语词汇集锦》.doc

法律英语词汇集锦
商法总论
商人法 law merchant
商法commercial law mercantile Law Business Law
禁反言 estoppel
商事关系commercial relation
主观主义标准standard of subjectivism
客观主义标准standard of objectivism
商事法律关系Legal commercial relation
商人人格关系commercial personality relation
商事营业关系commercial business relation
新商人主义标准Standard of neo- merchant creed
民商立法体制civil and commercial legislative system
民商分立体制separation system of civil and commercial codes
民商合一体combination system of civil and commercial codes
分合折衷体制eclecticism legislative system
主观意义的企业business
客观意义的企业enterprise
商主体 merchant commercial person
商行为 commercial action
商事代理commercial agent
商业名称trade name
行纪人broker
公司法
公司corporation company
合伙partnership
合股公司 joint-stock company
特许公司 chartered corporation
注册公司 registered corporation
法定公司 statutory corporation
无限公司 unlimited corporation
有限责任公司 limited corporation
股份有限公司 limited by shares
母公司 parent corporation
子公司 susbsidiaries
上市公司 quoted corporation
公司集团 groups
保证公司 limited by guarantee
慈善公司 charitable corporation
控股公司 holding corporation; holding company
公开公司publicly held corporation
闭锁公司closely held corporation
公公司a pub1ic company
私公司a private company
一人公司one-man company
公司治理corporation governance
公司人格corporation personality
契约束nexus of contract
公司法人格否认Disregard of Corporate Personality
刺破公司面纱Piercing the Corporate Veil
揭开公司面纱，Lifting the veil of the Corporation
普通合伙general partnership
有限合伙Limited partnerships
合伙人partner
有限责任limited liability
公司章程articles of association
注册证书certificate of incorporation articles of incorporation
发起人的受托义务Promoter’s fiduciary obligation
认购协议 subscription agreement
既成事实公司de facto corporation
法律上的公司de jure corporation
公司设立瑕疵defective incorporation
受托人义务fiduciary obligation
结论性证据conclusive evidengce
股份share
股息dividends
关联第三方connected third parties
出资（投资）invest
股东shareholder
小股东 minority shareholder
单个股东individual shareholder
消极股东passive shareholder
积极股东active shareholder
刺穿公司面纱pierce the corporate veil
揭开公司面纱lifting the company veil
逆向合并 reverse merger
收购公司acquiring company
正向合并forward merger
股权收购share acquisition
股权收购 share acquisition
收购公司acquiring company
收购目标公司target company
资产收购asset acquisition
公司责任liability of corporation
mechanics of incorporating
公司结构（组织）Corporation constructure
董事director
高级职员Officer
股东权Powers of shareholder
选任elect
解任remove
年会（常会）annual meeting
兼并merger
解散dissolution
自愿解散 voluntary dissolution
强制解散
法院解散 judicial dissolution
清算 liquidation wind up
董事会 board of directors
累计投票权cumulative voting right
任期term
董事的延期holdover director
董事的解除removal of director
董事会会议directors’ meeting
公告notice
法定人数quorum
少数lower number
绝对多数super majority
自己表决present at vote
多数higher number
unanimous written consent
objection by director
委员会committee
细则bylaw
董事长president
公司秘书secretary
股东诉讼shareholders action
breaking quorum
股东的信息获取权shareholders’ informational right
股东的帐簿与记录检查权shareholders’ inspection of books and records
公司融资corporation finance
财务报告financial report
损益表 income statement
资产负债表balance sheet
年度报告annual report
季度报告quarterly report
掺水股票watered stock
trust fund theory
许可authorization
发起人promoter
营业执照 trade charter
票面价值par value
misrepresentation theory
优先购买权pre-emptive right
库藏股treasury shares
受托责任fiduciary duty
public offerings of securities
有价证券security
权益证券equity security
债务证券debt security
债券bond
filing of registration statement
普通股 common stock
优先股 preferred stock
资本capital
授权且己发行资本authorized and issued Capital
授权资本（名义资本）authorized capital、nominal capital
己发行资本issued capital
已缴资本paid—up capital
待缴资本uncalled capital
催缴股本 called-up capital
保留资本reserve capital
股权资本 equity capital
借贷资本 loan capital
声明股本stated capital
票面价值 par value,缩写为 PV
无票面价值 no par value 缩写NPV
法定资本制 legal capital system
授权资本制 system authorized Capital
转投资 reinvestment
资本确定原则prinzipdes festen grund kapitals
资本维持原则principle of maintenance of capital
资本不变原则Prinzipder Bestandingkedes Grund kapitals
重组re-classified
股票再分割sub-divide
注销cancel
未发行的股份
注册资本the registered capital
分配 distribution
公司登记官the Registrar
合并股份consolidate
分割股份divide
库存股treasure stock
减资决议a resolution for reducing share capital
红利股bonus shares
雇员持股制度an employees’share system
设立报告incorporators＇report
资本不足inadequate Capitalization
最低资本额制度grundsatz des mindestgrund kapitals
商业登记官the commercial Register
授权资本额the amount of the authorized capital
创立主义konstruktionsprinzip、Incorporation
净资产net assets、 net worth
资本盈余 paid-in surplus
缴付盈余 paid-in surplus
减资盈余reduction surplus
泡沫法案The bubble act
合股公司法The joint-stock companiesAct
泡沫废止法The Bubble Act Repeal Act
代理理论Principal-agent Theory
契约的集合nexus of contracts
越权行为 ultra vires act
特许公司中chartered corporation
优先债权人senior creditor
次位债权subordinated creditor
公司治理 corporate governance
股东之公平对待the equitable treatment of shareholders
股东之权利the rights of shareholders
信息揭露及透明性disclosure and transparency
董事会的责任the responsibilities of the board
股权代理人proxy
监事会aufsichtsrat , supervisor board
董事与公司间之交易self-dealing
动机不纯之公司行为corporate action with mixed motives
挪用公司或股东财产the taking of corporate or shareholder property
代表诉讼 derivative suit
少数股东权 derivative action
董事义务与责任 shareholder' right and liability
买回 repurchase
交叉持股 cross ownership
重整 corporate reorganization
股东会 shareholder meeting
董事会 board of directors
独立董事 Independent Director
内部董事inside director
公司经理人officer
外部监察人 outside supervisor
执行委员会executive committee
监察委员会audit committee
报酬委员会remuneration committee
提名委员会nominating committee
经营判断原则The Business Judgment Rule
关系人交易 conflict of interest
股份收买请求权 appraisal right
资本不足under capitalization
未遵守公司形式failure to follow corporate formalities
公司财务报表、功能、或人员之重叠overlap of corporate records
function or personnel
资产混淆commingling of assets
股东之支配能力shareholder domination
不实陈述misrepresentation）
诈欺fraud
具有支配权之股东 dominant shareholder
公司机会corporate opportunity
无表决权股non-voting share
多数表决权股 multiple-voting share
表决权信托voting trust
认股选择权制度stock option
新股认购权warrant
章程(组织)大纲 英国称为memorandum of association 和 articles of association,而在美国则被称为articles 和bylaws。
公司分割corporate dvision
资本收益capital gain
公司分立spin-Off、split-Off 及split-Up
模范公司法model business corporation act
注意义务duty of care
了解公司业务之义务duty to become informed
询问义务duty of inquiry
了解后为决定之义务duty of informed judgment
监督义务duty of attention
忠诚义务duty of loyalty
与公司为合理交易之义务duty of fair dealing
公司债debenture
公司债所有者bondholder
证券法
证券 securities
证券法 securities law
资本市场 capital market
证券市场 securities market
中国证券监督管理委员会 China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRS)
股票、股权 share; equity; stock
上市公司 listed company
机构投资者 institutional investor
个人投资者/散户 retail / private investor
证券中介机构 securities intermediary
证券公司；券商 securities company; broker-dealer
自营 proprietary trading
证券交易所 securities exchange
纽约证券交易所 NYSE，New York Stock Exchange
巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse
交易大厅 trading floor
证券登记结算机构 securities registration and clearing institution
证券行业自律组织 self-regulatory organization for securities
证券监督管理机构 securities regulatory authority
证券发行 offering of securities; issuing of securities
证券分析 securities analysis
公开发售 public offering; distribution
配股 rights issue/offering
红股 bonus share；
红利;股息 dividend
购买力 purchasing(Buying) Power
招股说明书 prospectus
新股/初始公开发行 initial public offering(IPO)
收购兼并 merger and acquisition
资产重组 reorganization
证券发行审核制度 verification system for securities offering
发行人 issuer
机构投资者 institution
公开发行 public offering
私募发行 private offering; private placement
发行价格 issuing price
平价发行 face value issuing
溢价发行 premium issuing
折价发行 discounted issuing
新发行 new issue
发行日 offering date
已发行流通股 issued-and-outstanding Stocks
认购比率 subscription ratio
股东 stockholders ; principals
登记日 record date
承销 underwriting
承销团 underwriting syndication
上市 listing of securities
上市公司 listed company
被摘牌的公司被摘牌的公司 delisted company
上市辅导 pre-listing tutoring
上市推荐人 listing sponsor
证券交易 trading of securities
主板市场 main board
二板市场 second board
创业板市场 start-up board
高科技板块 high-tech sector
场内交易 on board transaction
场外交易 off board transaction
柜台交易 over-the-counter transaction
信用交易 margin transaction
流动性 liquidity; marketability
流通性 negotiability
要价 offer
卖方要价 offering (asked) Price
场外委托 off-floor order
场内委托 on-floor orde
对敲指令 matched orders
市场价格 market price
市场价值 market value
面值 face value
除息日 ex-dividend(XD)(without dividend) date
到期日 expiration date
除权 ex-right(XRT)
行情显示 on the tape
股市行情 the ups and downs of the stock market
大盘 the big board
行情看涨 Bullish
行情看跌 Bearish
股价指数 index
成份指数 component index
CAC-40 Index 法国巴黎CAC-40指数
道琼斯工业指数 Dow Jones industrial average（DJIA）
德国法兰克福DAX指数Frankfurt DAX Index
英国伦敦金融时报指数 London's FTSE 100
那斯达克 NASDAQ，National Association of Securities Deal Automated Quotations
日经指数 Nikkei Index
拉塞尔2000指数 the Russell 2000
标准普尔500指数 the Standard and Poor's 500
交易授权 trading authorization
当日委托指令 day order
竞价系统 ask-bid system
开盘价 opening
开盘委托指令 opening only order
收盘价 close
收盘指令 At-the-Close Order
按市价 At-the-Market
下降顶点趋势 descending tops
回调谷 dip
整理区 distribution area
双底 double bottom
双顶 double top
托盘 holding the market
横盘 horizontal price movement
支撑区 support
支撑线 support level
趋势 trend
趋势线 trendline
总成交量 total volume
行情显示系统 ticker tape
抛售 dumping
跳水 in the tank
放量（买/卖） climax(buying/selling)
清仓 liquidation
价差 spread
冻结账户 frozen account
攫利者 stag
暴利windfall profit
滞胀 stagflation
萧条 stagnation
旺市 tight market
疲软市场 soft market
提供消息 tip
投机 speculation
（股票指数）创历史新高 record high
总成本 total cost
交易日 trade date
交易商 trader
交易授权 trading authorization
买空 short purchase
卖空 short sale
平仓交易 closing transaction
佣金 commission
股票交易印花税 stamp tax for stock transaction
股票交易所得税 capital gains tax for stock transaction
证券结算 securities settlement
清算 clearing
交收 delivery
市盈率 price-earning ratio
每股收益率 earning per share (EPS)
换手率 turnover rate
业绩报表 earning report
财务报表 financial statement
损益表 income statement
信息披露 information disclosure
金融违规行为 financial irregularities /improprieties
证券欺诈 securities fraud
虚报盈利 inflate profits
虚假帐务 deceptive accounting
内幕交易 insider trading
内幕人 insider
操纵市场 manipulation of securities market
关联交易 related-party transaction
股票 stock
未发行股票 unissued Stock
周期性股票 cyclical stock
工业股票 industrial stock
普通股 common share
优先股 preferred share
劣后股 deferred share
蓝筹股 blue chip stock
红筹股 red chip stock
A股 人民币普通股票
B股 人民币特种股票
H股 中国境内发行，在香港上市的股票
存托凭证 depository receipt(DR)
记名股票 registered stock
不记名股票 unregistered stock
国有股 state share
法人股 legal entity share
社会公众股 public share
流通股 exchange-traded share
非流通股 non-exchange-traded share
股票期权 stock option
认股权证 warranty
配股rationed sale of stock
回购 redemption
债券 bond
国债; 政府债券 treasury bond; government bond
凭证式国债 registered treasury bond
无记名国债 unregistered treasury bond
记帐式国债 record treasury bond
金融债券 financial bond; bank debenture
公司债券 corporate bond
企业债券 corporate bond
可转换公司债券 convertible bond
国际债券 international bond
外国债券 foreign bond
欧洲债券 Eurobond
全球债券 global bond
债券信用评级 debt rating
金融衍生品 financial derivatives
证券投资基金 securities investment fund
信托型基金 trust-type fund
契约型基金 contract-type fund
公司型基金 corporation-type fund
合伙型基金 partnership-type fund
开放式基金 open-end fund
封闭式基金 close-end fund
股票基金 stock fund
债券基金 bond fund
基金发起人 fund promoter
基金托管人 fund custodian
基金份额持有人 fund holder
基金合同 fund contract
基金收益 fund profit
基金管理费 management fee
基金托管费 custody fee
破产法
破产 bankruptcy; insolvency
破产法 bankruptcy law；insolvency act
破产程序 bankruptcy proceedings; bankruptcy procedure
集体程序 collectivized process
实体规则 substantive rules
破产成本 bankruptcy cost
破产法院 bankruptcy court
债务期限 debt maturities
破产规则 bankruptcy rules
破产人 bankrupt
已解除债务的破产人 discharged bankrupt
未解除债务的破产人 undischarged bankrupt
债务人的破产 bankruptcy of the debtor
担保人的破产 bankruptcy of the guarantor
全民所有制企业 enterprises owned by the whole people
经营管理不善 poor operation and management
严重亏损 serious losses
公用企业 public utility enterprises
破产债务 bankruptcy debt
到期债务 mature debts；debts that are due
拖欠的债务 a delinquent debt
不能偿还债务 inability to pay debt
强制还债 coerce payment
强制执行 coerce execution
自愿还债 voluntary payment
变现 realization
重新承认债务 reaffirmation
财产和债务清单 schedule of assets and liability
破产行为 act of bankruptcy
破产申请 bankruptcy petition; file to declare the debtor bankrupt
个人破产 individual insolvency; personal bankruptcy
消费者破产 consumer bankruptcy
公司破产 company insolvency; corporate bankruptcy
消费者破产 consumer bankruptcy
会计报表 accounting statements
债务清册 a detailed list of debts
债权清册 a detailed list of claims
发布公告 make a public announcement
公司解散 company winding up
自愿撤回 voluntary dismissal
破产案件的驳回 dismissal of case
启动破产案件 initiation of bankruptcy case
强制破产 involuntary bankruptcy
自愿破产 voluntary bankruptcy
欺诈破产 fraudulent bankruptcy
宣告破产 adjudication of bankruptcy; declaration of bankruptcy
债权人会议 meeting of creditors; committee of creditors; creditor meeting
表决权 right to vote
债权人会议主席 the chairman of creditor meeting
破产管理人 administration; receiver
破产受托人 trustee
合理谨慎义务 due diligence and care
破产通知书 bankruptcy notice
债权，请求权 claims
申报债权 filling proof of claims; report claims
登记债权 register the claims
债权申报期满 the expiration of the period for reporting claims
债权人会议的决议 resolution of the creditor meeting
债权人的利益 creditor’s interest
债权人的救济 creditors remedies
撤销权 avoidance powers
无效 null and void
行使撤销权 in pursuance of avoidance
可撤销交易 voidable transaction
可撤销的优惠 voidable preference
赠与和低价交易 gift and transactions at an undervalue
欺诈性转让 fraudulent transfers
偏颇性清偿 preferences
顺向担保 downstream guaranties
逆向担保 upstream guaranties
交叉担保 cross guaranties
公平的对价 fair consideration
不当行为 irregularity
无偿转让 gratuitous alienation
欺诈性交易 fraudulent trading
不当交易 wrongful trading
潜在损失 potential loss
抽逃 remove
低价交易 transaction at an undervalue
非正常压价 abnormally depressed price
放弃债权 disclaim；abandon one’s claims
免除 release
规定的 prescribed
无担保的债权人 unsecured creditors
有担保的债权人 secured creditors
有财产担保的债权 claims secured with property
无财产担保的债权 claims not secured with property
债权证明 proof of claim
债权持有者 claimholder
申请前产生的债权 pre-petition claim
申请后产生的债权 post-petition claims
延迟申请的债权 tardy claims
一般债权人 ordinary creditor
预期债权人 prospective creditor
优先债权人 preferential creditor
优先权 preference
优先地位 preferred status
债权评估 valuation of claims; claims assessment
为分配而进行的债权评估 for distribution purposes
债权的等级 hierarchy of claims
债权的分类 classification of claims
为表决而进行的债权评估 for voting purposes
工资，雇员的福利债权 wage and employee