硕士英语综合教程1_课后答案.doc

硕士英语综合教程1 （课后答案）
目录
Unit 1 LowCarbon Economy
Text A Creating a LowCarbon Economy
→III. Key to the Exercises
1. Reading Comprehension
a. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.
1. B2. B3. A4. C5. B
b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.
(1) the result of the rapid buildup of greenhouse gases primarily caused by human activities; we begin a concerted, rapid shift toward a lowcarbon economy
(2) climate represents the envelope within which all our natural systems operate
(3) the increased costs of damage from extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, heat waves, and major storms; the risk that such events affect global financial markets through higher or more volatile insurance costs; and the risk of abrupt and largescale climate change
(4) Scientific analysis of historic climate data and projections of future conditions, and stateoftheart computer models paint a stark picture of what is to come
(5) keeping average temperature to an increase in the range of 2.0℃ to 2.4℃
2. Vocabulary
a. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.
(1) adverse(2) stark(3) inflict(4) systematically(5) triggered
(6) improvident(7) incurred(8) alternative(9) lost out on(10) settled on
b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.
(1) B(2) C(3) A(4) D(5) B(6) C(7) A(8) D(9) C(10) D
3. Cloze
Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.
(1) embraced(2) sped up(3) running out(4) urgency(5) initiative
(6) specific(7) designated(8) contribute(9) incorporate(10) hampering
(11) reward(12) involved(13) adverse(14) adaptive(15) vulnerability
(16) alternative(17) context(18) due to(19) compensation(20) scheduled
4. Translation
a. Chinese to English
1) Translate the following sentences into English.
(1) Bending under the weight of the packs, sweating, they climbed steadily in the pine forest that covered the mountainside.
(2) Concentrating on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly.
(3) Unemployment shot up in France during the second quarter, and the country’s top finance official said the situation will continue to aggravate even if a global economic recovery gathers pace. It was the worst quarterly unemployment in France since early 2006.
(4) As social practice continues to develop, we should keep renewing our ideas and make innovations courageously in light of practical needs.
(5) Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have increased 3 times in the past few years.
(6) The U.S. government has called on people to save water because the scarcity of water has become a source of global tension ecologically, economically and politically.
(7) In order to be a recognized leader in the industry, it’s essential for a company to improve production quality and tap the overseas market through the help of stateoftheart technologies and equipment.
(8) If you are thinking about coming to Britain for Christmas, it might be a good idea to think again. That’s because thousands of Christmas travelers have been stranded in the UK as adverse weather conditions caused massive disruption to the transport infrastructure.
2) Translate the following paragraphs into English.
Scientists say the warming of the planet will be gradual, but that extreme weather events will increase in frequency and intensity. They say the effects of more storms, floods, droughts and heat waves will be abrupt and profound. The World Health Organization says the effects of socalled climatesensitive diseases already are killing millions of people.
Climate change is a global phenomenon. While no country will be exempt, she says its consequences will not be evenly distributed. The WHO chief says poor countries that already are struggling with huge problems will be most affected. Fragile health systems in the developing world will come under increased stress. They will have great difficulty coping with the increased burden of disease and other health problems.
b. English to Chinese
1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
很多权威的气候学家们都曾发出过这样的警告: 如果我们现在的温度超过工业化前2摄氏度( 3.6华氏度)的话,我们将会迈进一个危险的未知国度。没有人能知道到底全球变暖达到多少度会变得无法控制,并且造成像干旱、洪水、飓风以及热浪等自然灾害的逐渐恶化,造成诸如格陵兰岛或西南极洲大冰原坍塌以及伴随的全球海平面上升等意外的灾难性变化。但是我们还依然在我们唯一的家身上不断做着危险而又不受约束的尝试,这也是为什么越来越多的年轻人开始将气候变化视为他们这一代人的一项挑战。

2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
(1) 双方相信,应对气候变化应该尊重发展中国家把经济和社会发展作为优先事项,并相信向低碳经济转型是促进所有国家经济持续增长和可持续发展的机会。
(2) 中美双方决心根据各自国情采取重要减缓行动,并认识到两国在促成加强世界应对气候变化能力的可持续成果方面具有重要作用。双方决心支持这些承诺。
(3) 在此背景下,双方致力于在哥本哈根会议达成最终的法律协议,同时相信,在共同但有区别的责任原则和各自能力的基础上,达成的成果应包括发达国家的减排目标和发展中国家的国内适当减缓行动。
(4) 基于中美两国在电动汽车领域的巨大投资,两国政府宣布在十几个城市开展联合示范项目,并努力开发共同的技术标准以推动此产业规模快速增长。
(5) 通过该伙伴关系,两国将就大规模利用风能、太阳能、先进生物燃料和现代电网制定路线,在设计和执行实现这一远景所需的政策和技术手段方面进行合作。
Text B Living a LowCarbon Lifestyle
Key to the Exercises
a. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
(1) perilously(2) in harmony with(3) tricky(4) nurture(5) make a difference
(6) insulated(7) deplete(8) step back(9) sustain(10) by way of
b. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.
(1) more efficient, kinder, fair, above all sustainable
(2) keep you comfortable, make life easier, do the things you want to do
(3) simplify the meter reading process, easy and enlightening, fun
(4) are lined and not covering radiators
(5) coming on, warm enough, you’re not heating rooms
(6) find a balance between the actions we can do, having to compromise on our quality of life
(7) for the strictly necessary amount of time, hot/warm food
(8) the curtains, the doors between rooms
(9) reducing our energy consumption, travelling more efficiently
(10) easily reused and recycled, with the lowest packaging
c. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.
(1) T(2) F(3) T(4) F(5) F(6) F(7) T(8) F(9) T(10) F
Unit 2 A Harmonious Society
Text A Building a Harmonious Society
→III. Key to the Exercises
1. Reading Comprehension
a. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.
(1) C(2) A(3) B(4) B(5) C
b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.
(1) leading officials;“building a harmonious society”
(2) the law; rights and interests
(3) coordinate; the economy will develop in a sustained and fast way
(4) humanity and nature; natural resources; pollution; the quality of the environment
(5) the government; unshakable duty
2. Vocabulary
a. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.
(1) swiftly(2) address(3) sustainable(4) flourishing(5) manifestation
(6) cadre(7) stagnation(8) agenda(9) backdrop(10) excerpt
b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.
(1) C(2) A(3) B(4) D(5) C(6) A(7) D(8) C(9) B(10) A
3. Cloze
Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.
(1) accomplish(2) improve(3) urban(4) benefits(5) prosperous
(6) signifies(7) comprehensive(8) faulty(9) accumulated(10) compulsory
(11) maintained(12) requirements(13) outbreak(14) addressed(15) unsolvable
(16) innovation(17) required(18) inadequate(19) spare(20) remarkable
4. Translation
a. Chinese to English
1) Translate the following sentences into English.
(1) Aliens in China shall abide by Chinese law and no behaviors will endanger the national security of China , harm its public interests or disturb its public order.
(2) Love doesn’t lie in gazing at each other but in looking forward together in the same direction.
(3) When learning any foreign language, one has to learn, first and foremost, its new phonological and grammar systems, which means acquiring a totally unfamiliar set of language learning habits.
(4) Financial experts suggest that to the women under 30, the income of this phase in general is the lowest.
(5) China will increase dialogue and cooperation with the United States and the international community to crack down on all forms of terrorist activities.
(6) Now it is time to make a well organized schedule from the list, so you need to put first and urgent things first and set the high priorities.
(7) In accordance with your request I am sending sample pages of the dictionary and meanwhile, your valuable suggestions on amendment are welcomed.
(8) In addition, advertisers appeal to the desire for health and prestige, to the desire to be in style, to pride, and to envy and jealousy.
2) Translate the following paragraph into English.
Adhere to the peopleoriented, we should take the realization of human’s comprehensive development as the goal, we should seek and promote development from people’s fundamental interests, satisfy the people’s growing material and cultural needs to guarantee the people’s economic, political and cultural rights and interests, allowthe development of results benefit all people. To adhere to the peopleoriented, all the theories, routes and policies should be all for the people and by the people, citizens and communities should show mutual respect, understanding, care and help each other. The peopleoriented concept is a denial to the concept of political achievement that seeing things but no people and the blindly pursuing of GDP. It is the foundation to establish proper view of political achievement and is regarded as the “master switch” in concept changing.
b. English to Chinese
1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
目前,在我国人均国内生产总值突破1000美元。一些国家和地区的发展历程表明,当一个国家的国内生产总值达到1000美元到3000美元时,这个国家的经济发展就进入了一个关键阶段。在这个阶段,都市化程度加快,收入差距继续加大,社会矛盾变得更加复杂。在国际范围内,不断增长的劳动力成本降低了劳动市场的竞争性。在这个阶段,如果应对合理,经济会平稳发展;否则,极有可能引发社会动荡,造成社会资源浪费,破坏生态环境,导致经济衰退。建设和谐社会的目的就是协调不同部门之间的关系,确保经济快速、可持续性发展。
2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
(1) 胡主席说,“当前和今后相当长一段时间内,我国经济社会发展面临的问题和矛盾可能会更复杂、更突出。随着划经济向市场经济的转变,社会结构和意识形态领域也将会发生大的转变。”
(2) 在谈到国际大环境时,胡主席指出建设和谐社会对中国领导人来说也同样是一项基本要求。在国际关系中清除挑战和风险,包括不公平的世界秩序,世界政治多极化的坎坷道路,经济全球化发展带来的压力以及国际安全。
(3) 和谐社会就是全面发挥人的积极性和创造性,使改革开放发展的成果惠及全体人民,加强党同人民群众的血肉联系。
(4) 我们要充分挥法治在促进、实现、保障社会和谐方面的重要作用。在政治、管理、立法部门要严格执行这一原则,以确保用权受监督、违法要追究的监督机制。
(5) 胡主席呼吁全体干部把建设和谐社会摆在重要位置,全心全意为人民服务,不断探索建设和谐社会的方法和理论。
Text B China: Roused by Disaster
Key to the Exercises
a. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
(1) crystallize(2) stifle(3) uncensored(4) cathartic(5) clutching
(6) pivotal(7) hellish(8) muzzled(9) monstrous(10) rally
b. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.
(1) worst natural disaster; probably killed at least; more than 5 million
(2) a more compassionate nation, lined up for hours; rushed to aid
(3) the country’s private; not known for their charity; still rising
(4) China’s selfperception, the world’s perception of China
(5) lowered to halfmast, in tearful silence; its epicenter
(6) its people; how to grieve; how to give
(7) private companies, making enormous sacrifices
(8) all over China ; shelter and medical treatment; causing traffic jams
(9) the relief operation, the government responded
(10) has changed, given a fleeting glimpse
c. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.
(1) F(2) T(3) T(4) F(5) T(6) T(7) F(8) T(9) T(10) T
Unit 3 Culture Shock
Text A The Rotary Youth Exchange Experience:Culture Shock
→III. Key to the Exercises
1. Reading Comprehension
a. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.
(1) B(2) B(3) A(4) C(5) A
b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.
(1) Usually a rather profound reaction to fairly significant other differences; in the way people view the world, in the way they think and what they value; often experience significant culture shock; experience culture shock at a superficial level
(2) Excitement and Enthusiasm, Irritability, Adaptation, and Biculturalism; from ethnocentrism to enthnorelativism
(3) that people are adjusting when they, without thinking, are doing things which they never thought they could become comfortable with
(4) the high and low feelings that students experience as they go through the various stages of adjustment to culture shock; double negative of culture shock and homesickness
(5) scious Incompetence, Conscious Incompetence, Conscious Competence, Unconscious Competence; an effective ethnorelative
2. Vocabulary
a. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.
(1) Ethnocentrism(2) at the prospect of(3) wellbeing(4) competence
(5) irritability(6) disorientation(7) incompetence(8) be confronted with
(9) frustration(10) verily
b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.
(1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) B(6) D(7) A(8) C(9) A(10) D
3. Cloze
Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.
(1) but(2) discomfort(3) new(4) what(5) For example
(6) because(7) how(8) unfamiliar(9) degree(10) although
(11) Usually(12) identify(13) better(14) First(15) common
(16) In addition(17) When(18) who(19) also(20) that
4. Translation
a. Chinese to English
1) Translate the following sentences into English.
Confucianism has a long history and a profound impact on China ’s politics, ideology, science, culture, art; it is an important part of traditional Chinese culture.
In fact, what we have done with the products over the past for years and will do in the future coincide with the requirement of WTO.
Religious and cultural diversity in a globalizing world needs to be used as the promotion of social justice, tolerance and understanding, as well as international peace and security, and not as a rationale for a new ideological and political confrontation.
The initial period of marriage involves more than accommodating to the presence and habits of another person.
Whether you’ve used the software before or not, you may already be familiar with some of its features, but the new version represents a major milestone in the progression of its development.
By default, when you delete files on most Windows systems the files are not really deleted, they are instead moved into the Recycle Bin, so they still take up disk space.
The effect of the painkiller will naturally wear off within a few hours, but its advantage is that it has few side effects.
Ecological civilization is the only way to global sustainable development, the best approach to saving the e