航海英语会话答案.doc

航海英语会话答案
Chapter 1
问答：
1. What is your date of birth?-----May first, 1983.
2. What is your seaman’s book number?----L2396625
3. Where are you from?----I’m from Shandong China.
4. What’s your captain’s nationality(国籍)?----China.
5. What do you think is the most important thing on board?----Safety.
6. Which ports do you often call at? ----Qingdao port.
7. What is your favorite TV program? ----CCTV5 about football program.
8. What is your favorite Web site?-----baidu
9. What is your favorite day of the week?why?-----Sunday.
10. What is your favorite kind of movie?----Action movies.
11. What is your favorite kind of music?---- Pop music.
12. What is your favorite magazine?----Youth/English saloon.
13. What is the population of your hometown?----1 million
14. What is the population of your country?----more than 1.3 billion.
15. What is the best thing about your hometown? ---- The air is fresh and people there are friendly.
16.What is the worst thing about your hometown? ----The street is dirty.
17. What’s your hometown like?----Beautiful.
18. Do you have many disasters in your country which are caused by weather?
----Yes. There are , such as flooding, typhoon and so on..
19. What sports do you like to watch on TV?----Football and basketball..
20. What do you think the most popular sport in the world?----Football.
口述：
1. Please say sth about your hometown.
a) The geographical position, population, and features of your hometown.
b) The environment and customs of your hometown. c) The specialties of your hometown.
A) My hometown is a small city. The population is about 80,000. People there are very friendly.
B) There are many new buildings, modern-looking residential houses, straight country roads connected to broad highways, and you can see green trees and plants with flowers everywhere. Most people here are good at making and flying kites(do well in ...).
C) It is a famous kite city in China. It is noted for its Kite Festival, and people from all of the world fly kites every year.
2. Self-introduction, say sth about yourself.
1) name, age, rank, working experience, hobbies 2) your daily work 3) your spare time activities
1) My name is XXX, I am 21years old. I come from Shandong province. (I have worked on board for 3 years) I like reading books, listening to the music.
2) Every day, I get up at 6 o'clock, and read English loudly for 30 minutes and then have breakfast. Then, begin my study of a whole day.
3)In my spare time, I like reading, watching TV, surfing on the internet/online, playing basketball and so on.
3. Please say sth about your family.
a) Members of your family. b) Their occupations. c)Their hobbies & characteristics.
A) I have a very happy family. There are 3 members in my family, my parents and I. We live in a small town.
B) My father is an engineer in a company, and my mother is an English teacher in a junior middle school. And I am just a student in Huayang maritime school majored in Navigation Management.
C) My father and I like watching TV, while mom does housework and prepares for her lessons.
4. Your favorite port you have called at.
a) A simple introduction of the port. b)Reasons why you like it. c)Anything special about it.
a) My favorite port I have called at is Qingdao Port. This port is a famous port of China. It is in Qindao which is one of the most beautiful city in Shandong province.
b) I like this port so much. There are several reasons. Firstly, the seafood there tastes quite delicious. Secondly, the climate there is very comfortable. Lastly, the people there are very friendly
c) Specially, it is in Qindao which is my hometown. Every time we called at Qingdao port, I can obtain enough time to go home to get together with my parents which is the most happy time for me. And I can have the opportunity to taste the delicious meal cooked by mother. That’s great.
5. Please say sth about your responsibilities on board.
a) Your position on board b) Your daily work on board c) Your duties on board.
a) I am the third officer on board. My responsibilities are described as following.
b/c) First, I am responsible for maintaining of the fire-fighting and life-saving equipment. Then, I keep watches from 8000 to 1200 and 2000 to 0000 on the bridge every day, and write up the logbook at the end of each watch. Lastly, I take care of ship’s signaling equipment on board.

Chapter 3 靠离与锚泊作业
问答题：
1. Can you list at least three kind of mooring lines?
---Yes, I can. Such as head line, stern line, spring line and so on.
2. What should be prepared before the pilot comes on board?
--Confirm the embarking time and place, get the pilot ladder and engine ready, and so on.
3. What is the maximum speed through the water that your ship can anchor without risking breaking the cable? ---General speaking, less than 2 knots, but VLCC less than 0.5 knot.
4. What flag should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot? ---G flag.
5. How can a ship get in touch with a port before her arrival? ----By telex or VHF.
6. What ship’s particulars will pilot station usually ask for?
----The ship’s identity, LOA, ETA, and so on.
7. What should be reported to the pilot station? ----同上
8. What should be confirmed from the pilot station? ----Time and place for picking up the pilot.
9. When the vessel enters the VTS area, what is requested to report?
----Ship’s name, call sign, draft, and so on
10. What does “ foul anchor ” mean?
----Means crossing anchor, that is, anchor has its own cable twisted around itself or has fouled an obstruction.
11. If you are ordered: “Stand by both engines!” how should you reply and report?
-----Reply: “Stand by both engines!” And report: “Both engines stand by!”
12. Can you list three famous canals in the world?
Yes, I can. Panama Canal, Suez Canal, and Kiel Canal.
13. When you request the receiver to remain on channel 16 in VHF communication, what do you say? ----Stand by on channel 16. (remain on channel 16)
14. How do you rectify the mistake in marine VHF communication?
----Say “mistake”, followed by the withe “Correction” plus the corrected (right) part of the message.
15. How do you emphasize the important part of a message in maritime VHF communication?
----Say “Repeat” followed by the corresponding part of the message.
16. What does “abandon丢弃vessel” mean?
-----Order from a captain for leaving the ship in case of imminent danger of distress.
17. What does the abbreviation ETD stand for? --- Estimated Time of Departure.
18. What does “dredging of an anchor” mean?
----Refers to the movement of an anchor along the sea bottom with the ship under control.
19. What does “underway” mean?
While the ship is neither anchored, moored, nor aground
20. What does “dragging of an anchor” mean?
----It means that anchor is moving over the sea bottom
21. What is the difference between a “radar beacon” and “radar reflector”?
Radar beacon can transmit signals, it can provide target’s range and bearing. But radar reflector can only reflect signals, it can not transmit signals.
22. How many objects do you need to get a position using “horizontal sextant angles”?
3 fixed visual objects are needed.
23. Why is a magnetic compass kept on board when a gyro compass is more accurate ?
Because magnetic compass need no power and little maintenance. It can be used for emergency and adjustments.
24. What do you report when the anchor has been heaved out of the ground and is clear of it ?
Anchor is a weigh.
25.When preparing for anchoring what must you do before releasing the bow stoppers?
Supply the power, Standby the anchor ball or light, Test the windlass, Put into the gear, release the brake.
(Disengage the chain stoppers, set the chain stopper during hauling in procedure. Leave the lockout pin out to prevent damage)
26. Would you let go an anchor from the hawse pipe if the depth was 25 meters ?
No, we should not let go anchor from hawse pipe directly, but the anchor can be released with windlass slowly.
27. Why must you consider ship’s speed and sea depth when you release the bow stoppers ?
Because when the depth is different, we should take different measures for anchoring. And for ship’s safety, during the different phase, the speed should be different, too.
（Because the length of the chain cable depends on both the ship’s speed and the sea depth.）
28.What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot’s embarkation ?
----The lifebuoy with the lifeline/safety line, and at night , there should also be a light.
29. Why is it dangerous to anchor in ice ?
---The ice can change the angle of the anchor, affect the holding power, and freeze the ship.
(If anchored in ice, the ship may be trapped by the ice and the anchor may not be brought up.)
30. What flag is hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board ?
the flag “H” should be hoisted.

口述题：
1. Describe the responsibilities as a watch officer while the ship is at anchor.
a) Regular operations for anchor watch. b) Emergency handling in case of dragging. c) Conclusions
a) arrange somebody to keep anchor watch in bad weather situations. At night, the watch(值班人员) may check anchor about each hour.
b) In case of dragging, take the following measures:
1) Let go another bow anchor at once, inform the engine room to stand by engine, report to the captain.
2) Slack away the anchor cable with caution.
3) Start the engine to ease the cable.
4) Hang and blast “Y” signal, alert other vessels nearby.
5) If the above measures can’t prevent dragging, heave up anchor and steer out of anchorage to choose another anchorage.
c) All the above-mentioned are the duties of a watch officer while the ship is at anchor.
2. Describe the proper way of using VHF.
a) How to operate VHF set properly. b) General rules of using VHF. c) Rules of using VHF.
a) 1) when sending massages, press the PPT(push to talk) button, the transistor begin to work, and contact with the scanner, set the calling channel, and speak.
2) When receiving massages, release the PPT, then cut off the power of transistor, and connect the power of the receiver, the receiver start working, and the scanner connect with receiver and listen.
b) When use VHF, avoid:
1) Non-essential transmissions.
2) Transmitting without correct identification.
3) Usage of offensive language.
c) Rules of using VHF should be followed:
1) Stand by on channel 16 at all times.
2) Use a dual-watch(双听,兼听) facility to listen on any other required frequency.
3) Use channel 16 to establish contact only and then change to another frequency at once.
3 Describe the procedures before arrival at a port.
a) The preparations from the bridge. b) The preparations from the engine room.
c) The preparations from the deck.
Before the arrival at a port, every department should do the preparing work for entering the port.
a) (bridge) Master the maneuverability of the vessel, change autopilot to manual pilot, stand by on VHF
b) (engine room) Get the engine stand by, start the spare generator, change heavy oil to light oil.
c) (deck) Stand by anchor, heaving line and mooring lines ready. Prepare the pilot ladder and life buoy for the pilot’s safe embarking. Get the gangway ready. Hoist the flag and signal according to the regulation.
4 Describe the procedures before leaving a port.
a) The preparations from the bridge. b) The preparations from the engine room.
c) The preparations from the deck.
Before leaving a port, every department should do the following preparation.
a) (Bridge) check the ship’s bell and test the steering gear and make entry in the logbook.
b) (engine room) Stand by engine, test the navigation equipment and switch on the navigation equipment When the engine is ready, the engine room should inform the bridge.
c) (deck) Relative persons on deck should prepare to heave up anchor or unmoor, put the gangway away and secure it properly.
5 Describe the procedures of pilotage.
a) The general procedures for pilot procedures. b)The preparations for receiving the pilot.
c) The general rules for pilotage.
a) Before your arrival, firstly, you should confirm the embarking time and place of the pilot. Secondly, make a lee for the pilot boat, and keep the boarding speed. Lastly, the pilot will board the vessel and pilot your vessel to your berth.
b) Prepare the pilot ladder, make a lee for the pilot, and take some safety measures,
c) When the pilot arrives at the boarding place, make a lee for pilot boat. The duty officer should wait for receiving the pilot. The captain should tell the ship’s particulars to the pilot. Then the pilot will pilot your vessel to your berth.

第四章 口语答案
简答题：
1. How many classes of dangerous goods are there according to the IMDG Code?
Can you list some?
---9 classes. Such as explosives(易爆品) , gases,flammable cargo, toxic cargo and so on.
(IMDG Code= International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code)
2. What kind of cargo is classified as flammable cargo?
----Inflammable liquids, flammable solids, Substances liable to spontaneous combustion, and the cargo emitting flammable gases in contact with water.
3. Please describe the general nature of general cargo?
----Refers to the cargoes with different types, different natures, packages and small capacity.
4. . Please describe the general nature of bulk cargo?
----Refers to the substances such as grain（谷物，颗粒）, powder（粉末）, or masses（块状物）, without package when under transport.
5. What kind of cargo is canvas sling(帆布吊兜) suitable for lifting？
----Bulk cargo, bagged cargo and so on.
6. What kind of cargo is chain sling(吊货链)suitable for lifting?
---General cargo like steel sheets,timbers and so on.
7. What kind of cargo is net sling（吊货网兜）suitable for lifting？
----General cargo in pcs(packages).
8. What does the abbreviation COW stand for? ----Crude Oil washing(原油洗舱).
9. What does “jettison of cargo” mean? ----Throw cargo deliberately（故意地） for ship’s safety s ake.
10. What does “compatibility of goods”（货物的相容性） mean?
h ----The cargo of similar nature.or cargo that can be stowed in the same hold without affecting each other.
11. What does the abbreviation SWL stand for? ----Safe Working Load.
12. What does “shifting cargo”（过驳货物）mean?---Refers to the cargo moved from its original place.
13. What does “union purchase”(双吊杆联合作业) mean?
----Refers to the operation with two derricks working together..also known as “coupled derricks” or “married falls”(双吊杆作业)
14. What preparations shall be done before loading cargo?
----Finish the stowage plan, clean the holds and get ready for inspection and loading.
15. What is the loading capacity of your vessel?