一般过去时变化规则.doc_咨信网zixin.com.cn

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一般过去时变化规则 (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, Destroy— destroyed, sign—signed. (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。 (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned. ★重读闭音节三要素：（1）一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母（2）以一个辅音音素结尾；（3）元音字母发短元音。 ★长元音：[i:][ə:][a:][ɔ:][u:] 短元音：[e] [i] [ʌ] [æ][ə][ɔ][u] 常用不规则动词分类表 ⒈ A---A---A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形） cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 ⒉ A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形） beat beat beaten 打 ⒊ A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形） come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 ⒋ A ---B ---B型 ⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 ⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 ⑶其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 fight fought fought 战斗 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 feel felt felt 觉得 find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 sit sat sat 坐 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 dig dug dug 挖 ⒌ A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同） ⑴在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 ⑵过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 ⑶变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 ⑷其他不规则动词的变化。 be(am,is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿不规则动词表不定式过去式过去分词现在分词第三人称单数注释 bear bore borne， born bearing bears 忍受，承担 forbear forbore forborne forbearing forbears 克制，忍耐 overbear overbore overborne overbearing overbears 压服，征服 bend bent bent bending bends 弯曲，弯腰 unbend unbent unbent unbending unbends 变直，伸直 bid bade， bid bidden， bid bidding bids 出价，恳求，邀请，力求，企图 forbid forbade， forbad forbidden forbidding forbids 禁止，阻碍 outbid outbid outbid outbidding outbids 出价高于（别人） underbid underbid underbid， underbidden underbidding underbids 出价较低 bind bound bound binding binds 约束，捆绑 rebind rebound rebound rebinding rebinds 重新捆绑 unbind unbound unbound unbinding unbinds 解开，解放 build built built building builds 建造，建立 rebuild rebuilt rebuilt rebuilding rebuilds 重建，恢复 cast cast cast casting casts 铸造，投掷，脱落 broadcast broadcast， broadcasted broadcast， broadcasted broadcasting broadcasts 广播 forecast forecast， forecasted forecast， forecasted forecasting forecasts 预报，预测 miscast miscast miscast miscasting miscasts 指配不适当的角色 overcast overcast overcast overcasting overcasts 使沮丧，包缝，遮蔽 recast recast recast recasting recasts 再铸，重塑，改正 come came come coming comes 来，成为，变得 become became become becoming becomes 变为，适合，发生 overcome overcame overcome overcoming overcomes 战胜，克服 deal dealt dealt dealing deals 处理，分配 misdeal misdealt misdealt misdealing misdeals 处理不当 do did done doing does 做，干 outdo outdid outdone outdoing outdoes 胜过，优于 overdo overdid overdone overdoing overdoes 做得过分，夸张 redo redid redone redoing redoes 重做 undo undid undone undoing undoes 松开，撤销 draw drew drawn drawing draws 绘画，拉，吸引 withdraw withdrew withdrawn withdrawing withdraws 撤退，退出 fall fell fallen falling falls 落下，下降 befall befell befallen befalling befalls 发生，降临 get got got; (US) gotten getting gets 得到，到来，成为 beget begot begotten begetting begets 产生，引起 forget forgot forgotten forgetting forgets 忘记，忽略 give gave given giving gives 给予，赠送 forgive forgave forgiven forgiving forgives 原谅，免除 misgive misgave misgiven misgiving misgives 疑虑，担忧

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