英语18模块重点词汇讲解二译林牛津版市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,牛津高中英语,18,模块重点词汇讲解（二）,第1页,11.survive(P50,M2):Of the 2,200,people on the ship,only 705,survived.,survive,第2页,Usage 1:,不及物，幸存，残余，活下来,e.g.,:,(1)He survived in the desert for,a week on biscuits and water.,在沙漠中，他靠饼干和水维持了一周。,第3页,(2)Very few of these old coins survive.,这些古币几乎都失传了。,(3)-How can you cope with,this huge amount of work?,-Dont worry;Ill survive.,你怎样能够处理这么多工作？,别担心，我应付得来。,第4页,Usage 2:vt.,比,活得长,;,经历,之后还存在,e.g.:(1)Few buildings survived the fire.,火灾过后，建筑物所剩无几。,(2)She survived her sons.,她活得比她儿子们长。,第5页,(3)The government is unlikely,to survive the next election.,这届政府不可能逃过下届选举这一关。,第6页,扩展：,survival,Usage 1:【U】,，幸存，残余；生存,e.g.:(1)Hopes are fading for the survival,of the missing climbers.,失踪登山队员幸存希望越来越渺茫了。,(2)fighting for her political survival,为政治生存而斗争,第7页,Usage 2:【C】,，残余物；遗址，遗风,e.g.:The fashion is a survival from,the 1970s.,这种款式是上世纪,70,年代遗风。,第8页,扩展：,survival kit,救生箱（包）,（装有维持生命必需品供陷,入无助境地人自救救生,用具）,第9页,扩展：,survival of the fittest,适者生存,第10页,扩展：,survivor,幸存者，残余着，生还者,e.g.:(1)There was only one survivor,from the plane crash.,在这起飞机坠毁事件中，只有一个幸存者。,(2)Dont worry about him;hes a survivor.,别为他担心，他能对付一切。,第11页,12.prove(P58,M2):He took all kinds,of tests to prove that he was,qualified for this important task.,prove,第12页,Usage1:vt.,，证实，证实,e.g.:(1)In order to prove her point,she,she showed them the latest,sales figure.,为了证实自己观点，她向他们出示了,最新销售数据。,第13页,(2)The fingerprints on the gun proved,conclusively that she was the,murderer.,枪上指纹最终证实了她就是谋杀者。,第14页,Usage 2:L.v,被证实是,被表明是，,显示出是,类似,turn out,e.g.:(1)On the long journey he proved,a most amusing companion.,漫长旅途证实他是一位非常有趣同伴。,第15页,(2)These revelations could prove highly,embarrassing for the government.,揭露出来这些事情可能会令政府非常尴尬。,第16页,13.observe(P2,M3):As Polly,observed the passengers,on the train,she sensed,that she was being watched,by a tall man in a dark coat.,observe,第17页,Usage 1:vt.,to watch with careful,attention,观察，监视，观察,e.g.:(1)to observe the stars,观察星相,(2)The police have been,observing his movements.,警察一直在观察他一举一动。,第18页,Usage 2:vt.,to see and notice,e.g.:,(1),Did you observe anything,unusual in his behavior?,你有没有注意到他有反常行为？,第19页,(2)I observed that they were late.,我注意到他们迟到了。,(3)They police observed him enter,enter/entering the bank with a,shotgun.,警察注意到他持枪进入了银行。,第20页,Usage 3:,及物动词，恪守，奉行,（法律、习俗等）,e.g.:(1)to observe the speed limit,恪守限速令,(2)Do you observe Christmas?,你们过圣诞吗？,第21页,Usage 4:vt.,to make a remark;say,e.g.:(1)“Thats odd,”he observed.,“,那很奇怪，”他评论道。,(2)He observed that it was odd.,他评论说那很奇怪。,第22页,14.contribute(P22,M3):Many factors,contributed to the development of,this new type of English.,contribute,第23页,Usage 1:vi.(to)to help in causing a,situation,event,or condition,e.g.:(1)Various factors contributed,to his downfall.,很多原因造成了他失败。,第24页,(2)This advertising campaign has,significantly contributed to the,success of the new car.,广告宣传极大地促成了这款新车,成功销售。,第25页,Usage 2:vt./vi.,，捐献；捐助；贡献出；,出一分钱；出一份力,e.g.:I contributed(a pound)to Janes,leaving present.,我为简送别礼品出了钱,/,一英镑。,第26页,Usage 3:vt./vi.,（给杂志、报纸等）,撰稿，投稿,e.g.:She regularly contributes,to the college magazine.,她定时向校报投稿。,第27页,扩展：,contribution,make a contribution to(doing)sth.,第28页,15.access(P29,M3):Today,the,spread of“borrowed words”,is due to easily accessed,television and radio programs,from across the world,and the,Internet.,access,第29页,Usage1:vt.,to reach,enter,or use sth.,e.g.:The loft can be accessed by,a ladder.,经过一架梯子能够上阁楼。,第30页,Usage 2:【U】,进入；入口,e.g.:The only means of access to the,building is along a muddy track.,进入这栋楼唯一通道是一条,泥泞小径。,第31页,Usage 3:,【,U,】,取得（靠近）方法,(权利等),e.g.:(1)Students need access to books.,学生们需要有取得书路径/方法。,(2)My ex-husband has access to,the children at weekends.,我前夫在周末时能够来看小孩。,第32页,(3)It is the UNs duty to provide,everybody with easy access to,clean drinking water.,让每个人得到洁净饮用水是联合国责任。,第33页,扩展,:accessible adj.,Usage 1:easy to reach,enter,or obtain,轻易到达；易靠近；易取得,e.g.:The island is accessible only,by boat.,只能坐船去那座岛屿。,第34页,Usage 2:adj.easy and friendly,to speak to,随和；容,易靠近,e.g.:A manager should be,accessible to his/her staff.,经理应对员工随和一些。,第35页,Usage 3:in a form that is easy to,understand,轻易了解，,好懂,e.g.:The information ought to be,made more accessible.,应该让此信息变得更加好了解。,第36页,16.remains(P43,M3):Sven found,the remains of buildings buried,under the sand,together with a,lot of treasures,such as coins,painted pots,silk materials,documents and wall paintings.,remain,第37页,Usage 1:,复数形式，,parts which,are left,剩下东西（部,分）；遗址，遗址,e.g.:the remains of dinner/of an,old castle,剩饭菜,/,古城堡遗址,第38页,Usage 2:,复数形式,fml.,a dead body,e.g.:His remains lie in the churchyard.,他尸体葬在教堂墓园里。,第39页,扩展：,remain,Usage1:,不及物动词，比较正式，,停留，留下：,to stay or,to be left behind after,others have gone,been,lost,etc.,第40页,e.g.:(1)She remained at home to look,after the children when her,husband went out.,丈夫出去时候，她留在家里照看孩子们。,第41页,(2)Little of the original architecture,remains.,原建筑物几乎没有了。,(3)The only remaining question is,whether or not we can raise the,money.,所剩唯一问题是我们是否能够筹措到,这笔资金。,第42页,Usage 2:vi.,remain+to-v.,e.g.:(1)It sounds a good idea,but it,remains to be seen whether it will,succeed.,听起来不错，不过否会成功还有待于,深入去看。,第43页,(2)Several things remain to be done.,还有好几件事情有待去做。,(3)It only remains for me to say that,剩下我要说就是,第44页,Usage 3:,连系动词，依然是，还是,e.g.:(1)He remains a prisoner for,the rest of his life.,他将在牢狱中度过余生。,(3)Despite the danger,she,remained calm.,尽管情况危险，她还是很镇静。,第45页,(4)Im sorry youre tired,but the,fact remains that the job has,to be done,so hurry up!,你累了，我极难过，但事实是工作,必须有些人来做，所以请快点吧！,第46页,17.intend(P2,M4):PSAs are ofen,placed for free,and are,intended to educate people,about health,safety,or any,other issue which affects,public welfare.,intend,第47页,Usage 1:intend/mean+obj.+,for/as/to-v:,to have a plan for sth.in,ones mind,为,而准备；预定,通惯用于被动语态,:,be intended/meant for/as,/to-v,第48页,e.g.:(1)The chair was intended/meant,for you,but she took it away.,椅子是为你准备，但却被她拿走了。,(2)That remark was intended/,meant as a joke.,那句话本只是个笑话。,第49页,The book is intended for young,adults in their first year of learning,English,。,这本书是为那些头一年学英语成年,人编写。,(2)It was intended to be cooked slowly.,这种食物本要用文火慢慢煮。,第50页,(3)The writer clearly intends his,readers to identify with the,main character.,显然，作者想要读者和主人公产生,共鸣。,第51页,Usage 2:to have in ones mind as,a plan purpose;mean to,do sth.,计划，打算，想要,e.g.:(1)He took it as an insult,which,wasnt at all what I had intended.,他认为那是欺侮，但我根本没有此意。,第52页,(2)She intended to catch the,early train,but she didnt get,up in time.,她本打算赶头班车，但她起晚了。,(3)I intend to report you to the police.,我打算向警察举报你。,第53页,(4)It was meant to be a surprise;I,didnt intend you to see it so soon.,这本应是个惊喜，我没想让你这么早看到。,(5)We do not intend that they should,know at this stage.,我们不打算让他们在此阶段知情。,第54页,扩展：,intention,【C;U,】,意图,目标；打算,e.g.:(1)I have no intention of helping,him after what he said to me.,听了他话，我不打算帮他了。,(2)They went into town with the,intention of visiting the library.,他们为了去图书馆而进了城。,第55页,(3)It is our intention to be the,number one distributor of,health product.,我们目标是做保健品第一大批发商。,(4)So much for all our good,intentions!,让我们一片好心到此为止吧！,第56页,mit(P3,M4):One of these is,“Smoking is committing suicide,slowly.”,commit,第57页,Usage 1:vt.,to do something,wrong or illegal,e.g.:to commit a crime/a sin,/suicide/murder,犯罪,/,自杀,/,谋杀,第58页,Usage 2:to promise(esp.oneself,ones property,etc.)to a,certain cause,position,opinion,or course of action,使（尤指自己）负担义务；做,出确保；承诺,第59页,e.g.:The government has committed,itself to improving health education,has committed considerable,resources to improving the rail,system.,政府承诺要改进健康教育,/,要投入大量,资源改进铁路系统。,第60页,扩展,:commitment【U;C】,承诺；诺言,负担义务；忠诚；信仰；支持,e.g.:(1)Come and look round our,shop without commitment,to buy anything.,到我们店里来看看吧，并 不一定要买什么。,第61页,(2)I dont want to get married because,I dont want any commitments.,我不想结婚，因为我不想负担任何责任。,(3)The companys success this year,would not have been possible,without the commitment and,dedication of the staff.,没有员工忠诚和热忱贡献，企业今年,不可能取得成功。,第62页,Usage 3:(to)fml.to put into a,particular place or state,e.g.,in order to be kept for future,use or to be got rid of,把,置,于某处；把,置于某种状态下,第63页,e.g.:(1)The body was committed,to the flames.,尸体被火化了。,(2)She committed the facts to,writing/to paper.,她把这些事实统计了下来。,(3)to commit sth.to memory,记住,第64页,19.determine(P18,M4):In order to,determine your audience,you,will need to do a little research.,determine,第65页,Usage1:,及物动词，确定，测定,e.g.:(1)to determine the position of a star,测定卫星位置,(2)We should first try to determine,how much it is going to cost.,首先我们应该确定一下费用。,第66页,Usage 2:vt.,fml.,to(cause to),form a firm intention or,decision,（使,),下决心,;,(,使,),做出决定,第67页,e.g.:(1)We determined to go at once.,我们决定立刻出发。,(2)The court determined that the,man was guilty of assault.,法庭作出决定，此人犯有些人身侵害罪。,第68页,(3)Her encouragement determined,me to carry on with the work.,她勉励让我下定把这项工作继续下,去决心。,第69页,Usage 3:vt.,fml.,to have a,controlling influence,on,have a direct and,important effect on,限定；,支配；要求；决定,第70页,e.g.:The amount of rainfall determines,the size of the crop.,降水量决定收成好坏。,第71页,扩展：,determined adj.having a strong,will,坚定；果断；决意,e.g.:(1)a very determined woman who,always gets what she wants,一个总能得到所想、意志坚定女人,(2)I am determined to go and,nothing will stop me.,我一定要去，什么都阻拦不了我。,第72页,比较,:_ to train his daughter,in English,he put an ad like this in,the paper,“_,an English,teacher for a ten-year-old girl”.,Determined;wanted,Determined;wanting,C.Determining;wanted,D.Determining;wanting,第73页,20.appeal(P18,M4):It is important,to always try to appeal to the,way the audience will react.,appeal,第74页,Usage 1:vi.,not in progressive forms,to please,attract,or interest,使喜欢，吸引，使感兴趣,第75页,e.g.:(1)Does the idea of working,abroad appeal to you?,你对到国外工作感兴趣吗？,(2)inexpensive jewellery which,appeals to the 13 30 age group,对,13,到,30,年纪段人有吸引力,廉价首饰,第76页,扩展,:appealing adj.,able to move,the feelings;attractive,pleasing,or interesting,打动,人心；有吸引力，有趣,第77页,e.g.:(1)the appealing eyes of a hungry dog,一条饿狗悲伤眼睛,(2)What an appealing little baby!,多可爱小宝宝啊！,(3)The idea of free holiday is rather,appealing.,无偿度假想法真很有吸引力。,第78页,Usage 2:(to,for)to make a strong,request for help,support,mercy,etc.,恳请，哀求；,哀求；强烈呼吁,第79页,e.g.:(1)The police are appealing to the,public for any information about,the murder victim.,警察号召公众提供被杀害者信息。,(2)They are appealing for funds to,build a new church.,他们正在募捐，要建新教堂。,第80页,(3)The government is appealing to,everyone to save water.,政府号召人人节水。,(4)By appealing to his better nature,we persuaded him to change his mind.,我们唤醒了他良知，说服了他改变想法。,第81页,Usage 3:(to,against)to formally,ask a higher law court to,change the decision of a,lower court,（提出）上诉,第82页,e.g.:(1)I intend to appeal against the,sentence.,对于这个判决，我要上诉。,(2)The defendant has been given,the leave to appeal to the High,Court.,被告被允许向高等法院上诉。,第83页,