快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义.pptx

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,2007 Copyright,China Sustainable Transportation Center(CSTC),Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,2007 Copyright,China Sustainable Transportation Center(CSTC),Bus Rapid Transit(BRT)Developments in China快速公交系统在中国发展,何东全 刘岱宗,宇恒可连续交通研究中心,威廉与佛罗拉.休立特基金会 暨 能源基金会支持,He Dongquan Liu Daizong,China Sustainable Transportation Center,Supported by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and the Energy Foundation,China Planning Network 1,st,Urban Transportation Congress August 3,Beijing,Visit us at www.chinastc.org,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第1页,About Us 关于我们,The China Sustainable Transportation Center is a non-governmental,non-profit organization founded and supported by The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and The Energy Foundation.,宇恒可连续交通研究中心(CSTC)是一个民间非营利组织，由威廉与佛洛拉.休利特基金会与美国能源基金会提供支持。,Our Mission is“To help Chinas cities design and implement sustainable,multi-modal urban transportation systems,particularly bus rapid transit.”,宇恒可连续交通研究中心宗旨是：帮助国内城市设计和实施可连续、多元模式城市交通系统，尤其是快速公交(BRT)系统。,CSTC are working in Beijing,Kunming,Hangzhou,Jinan,Xian,Shenzhen and Hefei to help develop and implement BRT systems.,当前，宇恒可连续交通研究中心正在北京、昆明、杭州、济南、西安、深圳和合肥等城市开展工作帮助发展、设计与实施当地快速公交系统。,Please visit us at 请访问我们网址,www.chinastc.org,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第2页,Overview 概要,Background,背景,Problems of Urban Transport,城市交通问题,Why BRT,为何选择快速公交,BRT Systems in China,中国快速公交系统,Summary总结,About Us关于我们,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第3页,Source:Tsinghua University,State Council DRC,U.S.Current Level 美国当前水平,High Growth Scenario(12%/year),Low Growth Scenario(8.8%/year),Vehicle Ownership(millions),Background 背景,Motorization 城市机动化,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第4页,Source:IEA,Million barrels per day(mbd),Oil,Use in China,中国原油消耗,By,China will import 76.9%of its oil demand,Energy Issue 能源问题,Background 背景,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第5页,Severe Traffic Congestion 严重交通拥堵,Background 背景,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第6页,Public Transit shrink,公交系统萎缩,Share of Public Transit decreased,公交出行分担率下降,Low Operation Speed,公交运行速度低,Low Service level,公交服务水平低,Passengers Trip rate of Shanghai,上海出行分担比率,0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%,30%,35%,40%,45%,1990,Year,Percentage,By Bus,公交出行,By Car,小汽车出行,Background 背景,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第7页,Background 背景,空气污染 Serious Air Pollutions,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第8页,Background 背景,空气污染 Serious Air Pollutions,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第9页,CO,2,Reducing Crisis 二氧化碳污染日益严重,Background 背景,0,300,600,900,1200,1500,1800,2025,2030,CO,2,Emissions(million metric tons),Kyoto Target,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第10页,专用路权,改良型公交车辆,设施齐备车站,多样化线路,与城市用地紧密结合,功效齐全配套设施,合理票价体系,完善管理机构,快速公交系统,是利用改良型公交车辆，运行在专用道路空间上，保持轨道交通运行特征且具备普通公交灵活性一个快捷公共交通方式,Why BRT in China为何选择快速公交,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第11页,Why BRT in China为何选择快速公交,集约化土地利用模式,Intensive land Use,Low Environmental Impacts,低污染,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第12页,Why BRT 为何选择快速公交,Enhance the efficiency of urban resources usage,高效城市交通资源利用,Improve the quality of public transit,提升公交服务水平,Increase the share of public transit trips,增加公交出行百分比,Attract private transportation to public transit,吸引小汽车出行,Social equity,推进社会公平,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第13页,BRT Development in China 中国快速公交系统,广州,成都,重庆,西安,大连,沈阳,济南,天津,石家庄,苏州,常州,上海,杭州,福州,厦门,深圳,南宁,北京,太原,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第14页,Beijing BRT 北京快速公交,(Source:Beijing BRT Company,),Southern Axis BRT Line 1,南中轴快速公交1号线,Opened Dec 30,2005 2,2012月30日投入运行,18 month implementation,18个月建设期,New Operation Company,新运行企业,Low Investment US$4million/km infrastructure,低投资-每公里造价3000万人民币,13.6km exclusive Center busway and 19 stations 13.6公里中央硬隔离公交专用道，共设站台19座,New 18m articulated vehicles,low floor and use diesel,18米长，低底板柴油铰接车辆,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第15页,Beijing BRT 北京快速公交,(Source:Beijing BRT Company,),Southern Axis BRT Line 1,南中轴快速公交1号线,Average Daily Boarding-90,000(Highest to 200,000+)平均日乘客 9万人次（最高日超20万人次）,Operation Speed 22km/h in peak hour and 26km/h off peak 运行速度 高峰22公里/小时，平峰速度26公里/小时,Reliable Services 90%on schedule,可靠服务 约90%车辆准点抵达,Level Boarding,Off-board fare collection 水平登降，站台售检票,Flat Fare:US$0.12(can be lowed to US$0.04 by IC card),一票制：1元每人次（使用IC卡可打4折）,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第16页,Beijing BRT 北京快速公交,(Source:Beijing BRT Company,),Southern Axis BRT Line 1南中轴快速公交1号线,Frequency of service on peak is 1 min headway(2-3min off-peak)高峰发车频率约为1分钟(平峰为2-3分钟),Transit Signal Priority,公交信号优先,Advanced Scheduling Dispatch System,Automatic Vehicle Location,Passenger Information and video monitoring,先进发车系统、车辆定位系统、乘客信息与可视监控系统,Integration with other mode Metro,Normal Bus Services and Pedestrians,与其它出行方式整合：地铁、普通公交、行人,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第17页,Image Courtesy of Beijing BRT Company,Beijing BRT 北京快速公交,(Source:Beijing BRT Company,),Future Plan 未来规划,阜石路,安立路,回龙观,居住区,天通苑,居住区,南中轴路,亦庄经济开发区,黄村,朝阳路,CBD,中央商务区,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第18页,Jinan BRT Plan 济南快速公交,(Source:Jinan PWD,),Jinan BRT Network,济南快速公交网络,BRT Network,快速公交网络,Opening System,开放式快速公交系统,BRT as backbone,快速公交系统作为公共主干网络,Start 03/,operation 12/,始于3月，预计12月完工,2 corridors with 3 routes,2条快速公交走廊,3条线路,Government founded 政府投资,15 km center busway,26.2km routes and 42 station 15公里中央专用道,线路总长26.2km,共设车站42座（平均站间距640米）,Image Courtesy of Jinan PWD,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第19页,Jinan BRT Plan 济南快速公交,(Source:Jinan PWD,),Jinan BRT Network,济南快速公交网络,18m,double side door,articulated vehicles,low floor and use diesel,18米低底板两侧开门铰接柴油车,Short term design capacity 10,000 pdph(20,000 pdph for long term)and proposed Operation speed 22km/h,近期设计单向小时通行能力1万人（远期2万人），设计运行速度大于22公里/小时,Reliable services 90%on schedule with 2-5 min peak period headway 可靠服务（90%车辆准点）高峰小时车头间距2-5分钟,Off-board fare collection and level boarding 站台售检票，水平登降,Image Courtesy of Jinan PWD,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第20页,Hangzhou BRT 杭州快速公交,(Source:Hangzhou Mass Transit Group,),BRT Line B1 快速公交B1线,Opened April 26,6年4月26日开始运行,16 month planning and construction,共16个月规划与建设期,Government founded 政府投资,28 km dedicated right lane with minimal physical separation(bus lane width is 3.5m),28公里路侧软隔离3.5米专用道,Average station distance 1.17km,平均站距1.17公里,New domestic made 18m articulated vehicles,low floor and use diesel,18米长，低底板柴油铰接车,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第21页,Hangzhou BRT 杭州快速公交,(Source:Hangzhou Mass Transit Group,),BRT Line B1 快速公交B1线,Average daily boarding-40,000(Highest to 50,000+),平均日乘客量4万人次(最高达5万人次),Operation speed 25km/h,运行速度 25公里/小时,Peak Headway 3min(off-peak 5 min),高峰车头时距3分钟（平峰5分钟）,Off-board Fare Collection and Level Boarding,站台售检票和水平登乘,Flat Fare:US$0.50(50%discount by IC Card)一票制：4块钱每人次（使用IC卡有5折优惠）,Opening system,开放式系统,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第22页,Hangzhou BRT 杭州快速公交,(Source:Hangzhou Mass Transit Group,),Future Plan 未来规划,Images Courtesy of Hangzhou Mass Transit Group,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第23页,Others 其它城市,Kunming(Spring City),春城昆明,Chengdu(Pandas Hometown),熊猫故乡成都,Xian(Qin-Soldiers Hometown)秦俑西安,Shenzhen(Window of China)中国新貌深圳,Image Courtesy of Cnwest,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第24页,Problems and Discussions问题与讨论,Ensure“Prioritizing of Public Transit”确保“公交优先”,Ensure“right of way”路权,Terminals and Stations 场站用地,Investment 投资,Preference Policies 政策支持,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第25页,Problems and Discussions问题与讨论,Establish BRT as a Component for ONE SYSTEM,确认BRT是公交系统有机组成部分,Plan and Design BRT with Systematically view,以系统观念进行设计,Guiding the public transit system reform,主动推进公交整体改革，引导普通公交线网优化,Integrate walking and bicycling,enhance the accessibilities,整合慢行系统，确保良好可达性,TOD,整合土地利用，引导城市发展,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第26页,Problems and Discussions问题与讨论,Infrastructure,operation,and management go together,设施规划建设，运行和管理必须同时考虑,More than putting devices in somewhere 不但仅是设施,Mutually impacts 三者相互影响,Infrastructure,Exclusive bus lanes,Transfer stations,Conventional Stations,Services,Trunk Services,current,express,Feeding services,Auxiliary Services,Institutional and operations management,Technical management,Efficient high capacity operating system,Comercial speeds over 20 km/h,Eletronic fare colection system,Control system,New modern buses,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第27页,Problems and Discussions问题与讨论,More detailed quantified analysis for decision making,经过更科学量化分析进行规划和决议,Demand and rideship decide the design,需求决定体系设计,Demand estimation comes from survey,modeling,operation and management scheme.,经过调查，模拟，运行和管理规划确定,Offer options and scenarios,Accurate Information-,-for decision making,提供详细方案,准确信息,-必选共决议者决定,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第28页,Problems and Discussions问题与讨论,Address details,重视细节,Marketing,宣传,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第29页,Summary 结论,China focus on solving urban transportation problems by improving the Public Transit service,中国现在希望经过提升公共交通服务来处理城市交通问题,BRT as a form of sustainable urban transport whose cost-effectiveness and flexibility makes it particularly suitable for development in China.快速公交作为一个可连续发展城市交通形式，它高效率和灵活性使它非常适合中国可连续发展,International BRT experience and practice are important to China 国际快速公交经验与实践对于中国非常主要,Its time to open the BRT Era in China 中国发展快速公交正合时宜,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第30页,China Sustainable Transportation Center,宇恒可连续交通研究中心,Email:dqheefchina.org,TEL:[phone],Thank You,谢谢,Supported by 获以下基金会支持：,快速公交系统在中国的发展讲义,第31页,