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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,无忧,PPT,整理发布,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,Copyright 2005 Digital Enterprise Research Institute.All rights reserved.,www.deri.org,无忧PPT整理发布,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,*,无忧PPT整理发布,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,无忧PPT整理发布,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,无忧PPT整理发布,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,语音策略,Zhang Xiaoling,Dec.1,连读、同化、辅音连缀、,音节、弱读、重音、意群,1/84,一.连 读,2/84,连 读,连读定义：两个或多个分属不一样单词音素因为相邻或语速较快等原因而连在一起读出来现象。,连读前提：连读单词必须在同一个意群中。,意群：即意思紧密一组词。,first of all,I hope itll get a little warmer.,3/84,连读规则一：辅音+元音,put it on We have an English friend.,连读规则二：元音+元音,my uncle,连读规则三：连接音r,字母-r,-re结尾，接后面一元音时,They looked for it here and there.,/maijkl/,4/84,特例：,英式英语中音节末/r/不发音，但在后面紧跟一个元音，而且在意义上亲密相关时可发/r/。,there is forever,为防止两个意义相关比邻词末首元音分立而读，通常在两个元音之间加/r/,这就是外加音/r/。,idea of it the sofa over there,/aidirvit/,/sufruv,/,5/84,元音连读总结,1.前面单词以元音e或i结尾，紧随其后单词以元音开头，这时，在两个单词之间出现半元音,j,作为过渡。,2.前面单词以u或o结尾，紧随其后单词以元音开头，这时，在两个单词之间出现半元音,w,作为过渡。,3.为了把两个相邻词连在一起,人们往往在以 结尾词后面加上r音,方便和后一个词起首元音连接,这种添加/r/称为”外加音”,r,。,6/84,Read the following,come outkeep off,take it offfirst of all,Im afraidnot at all,thank youGood afternoon,7/84,Read the following,the endthe accident,my unclemy ears,three hourshow old,how aboutgo on,hurry upwe agree,8/84,Read the following,for everanswer it,a pair of socksafter all,on your owncheer up,9/84,Read the following,Hurry up!The bus comes.,Im on a diet.,Take a look at it.,How old are you?,Ill be back in half an hour.,10/84,Read the following,6.There is a pair of shoes.,7.Will it take a lot of time to go to town on foot?,8.She has been away from her own country for a long time.,9.Can you speak English or Russian?,10.There is an apple tree in front of the house.,11/84,连读强化练习,21 辅音元音连读,依据录音，标出连读位置。,a lot of work,as soon as possible,the dog outside,I have quite enough.,Both of us went out.,The fish is excellent.,Come along home if your like.,John won an award.,1906,12/84,连读强化练习,9.He fetched it for me.,10.Tell us all about it.,11.Is he ill again?,12.Were going to put it off.,13.Would you like a walk now?,14.Are we going to leave at eight?,15.Who is going to wash it?,21 辅音元音连读,依据录音，标出连读位置。,1906,13/84,连读强化练习,a lot of work,as soon as possible,the dog outside,I have quite enough.,Both of us went out.,The fish is excellent.,Come along home if your like.,John won an award.,21 辅音元音连读,依据录音，标出连读位置。,1906,14/84,9.He fetched it for me.,10.Tell us all about it.,11.Is he ill again?,12.Were going to put it off.,13.Would you like a walk now?,14.Are we going to leave at eight?,15.Who is going to wash it?,连读强化练习,21 辅音元音连读,依据录音，标出连读位置。,1906,15/84,连读强化练习,there is,there are,our own,more over,for ever,after all,far away,22/r/与元音连读,依据录音，标出连读位置。,here and there,father and mother,remember it,for instance,later on,clear enough,for a moment,2006,16/84,连读强化练习,for an hour,a pair of shoes,a pair of trousers,for example,more or less,far and wide,22/r/与元音连读,依据录音，标出连读位置。,2006,17/84,连读强化练习,there is,there are,our own,more over,for ever,after all,far away,22/r/与元音连读,依据录音，标出连读位置。,here and there,father and mother,remember it,for instance,later on,clear enough,for a moment,2006,18/84,连读强化练习,for an hour,a pair of shoes,a pair of trousers,for example,more or less,far and wide,22/r/与元音连读,依据录音，标出连读位置。,2006,19/84,二.音同化,20/84,音同化,音,同化,(assimilation)是指一个音因为受到其后或其前音影响而转化成另一个音。它经常出现在快速谈话和连贯朗诵中。一个音在语流中受相邻音影响而变得,与其相像,。同化音主要是,辅音,，也常是听力卡壳地方。,ligh,t,(p),bluequi,te,(k),good,in the,-/inn/,ge,t th,em,-/gettem/,rea,d th,ese,-/ri:ddi:z/,last year,would you,21/84,音同化,常见同化现象：,/d/+/j/=/d,/,Did you like it?,How blind you are!,2./t/,+/j/=/t,/,Im glad to meet you.,Cant you see Im busy.,22/84,Read the Following,23/84,音同化,朗诵下面句子：,1.Why did you decide to go to New York finally?,2.Ill put you on the list.,3.The architecture is really fascinating,dont you think?,4.Id like to visit Beijing next year.,5.Im glad you like your stay in Shanghai.,6.Without your help I couldnt have done the job so quickly.,7.Life is what you make it,so try to make it beautiful.,24/84,辅音同化、延长、不完全爆破,依据录音，标出辅音特殊语音现象位置。,The work is half finished.,Give Vicky a job.,Next,well mix sand and water.,Are they going to take it with them?,Look at those black cards.,We saw a big gap.,That car is new.,Shall we keep going?,23 辅音语音现象,2114,25/84,辅音同化、延长、不完全爆破,依据录音，标出辅音特殊语音现象位置。,9.He was with his family.,10.Dont stop him.,11.You look sad.,12.Put the cat down.,13.Stop fighting,boys.,14.Ill have several meetings this week.,15.Can I speak to John?,23 辅音语音现象,2114,26/84,辅音同化、延长、不完全爆破,依据录音，标出辅音特殊语音现象位置。,16.Can you repeat what you said?,17.He phoned the teacher last night.,18.Do you start working at eight?,19.Hes not in at the moment.,20.Could it be possible?,23 辅音语音现象,2114,27/84,三.辅音连缀,28/84,辅音连缀,两个或以上辅音相邻成为辅音连缀。,在辅音连缀中间没有发音空隙。,辅音连缀在词首、词中或词尾都有可能出现。,29/84,辅音连缀强化练习,依据录音，写出所听到词,/sk/,/sp/,/st/,/sm/,/sw/,/pr/,/pl/,25 辅音连缀,platform,swan,swing,switch,spoil,2346,plain,30/84,辅音连缀强化练习,依据录音，写出所听到词,/br/,/kl/,/gl/,/fr/,/str/,/stj/,25 辅音连缀,claim,glide glimpse gloomy,studio Stuart,stretch,2346,31/84,辅音连缀强化练习,依据录音，写出所听到词,/sk/,sky scarscareschoolscore,/sp/,speak speech spare spoilspy,/st/,start stay steel still store,/sm/,small smell smile smoke smart,/sw/,swan sweet swim swing switch,/pr/,pray pride pretty prime private,/pl/,play plain plane platform plead,25 辅音连缀,2346,32/84,辅音连缀强化练习,依据录音，写出所听到词,/br/,brain breakbreath bridge brought,/kl/,claim clean climate clothes cloth,/gl/,glad glance glide glimpse gloomy,/fr/,free frog frank fresh freezer,/str/,stranger straight street strike stretch,/stj/,student stupid studio Stuart studentship,25 辅音连缀,2346,33/84,四.音节,34/84,音 节,音节是什么？,音节是大于音素读音基本单位，任何单词读音，都是分解为一个个音节朗诵。,35/84,音 节,音节分类：,一、音节按读音能够分为,开音节,和,闭音节,开音节,又能够分为,绝对开音节,和,相对开音节,(1)绝对开音节：是指一个元音字母后面没有辅音字母而组成音节，比如：,we,hi,yo-yo,(2)相对开音节：是指一个元音字母后面有一个辅音字母(除r)之外，最终是一个不发音e组成音节，如:,take,make,在开音节中，这个元音字母发“字母”本身音，比如,use|ju:z|,闭音节,：指元音字母后面有辅音字母(辅音字母r除外)组成音节，如：,leg,cross,二、音节按重读能够分为,重读音节,和,非重读音节,重读音节：指在双音节或多音节词中有一个发音尤其响亮音节，叫重读音节，用重音符号“,”标于对应位置，其它音节为非重读音节，如,begin|be,gin|,，单音节词作重读处理，但不标重音符号。,36/84,音 节,take,age,a,gain,ta,ble,po,ta,to马铃薯,population 人口congratulation 祝贺telecom,munication 电讯,音节划分：,1）,元音,是划分音节,主体。,最常见音节：,元、辅元、元辅、辅元辅。,2）4 个辅音,m，n，ng，l,和辅音音素结合也可组成音节。它们组成音节往往出现在词尾，是,非重读音节,，这种音节叫,成音节,。,3）英语词有一个音节，两个音节，多个音节，一个音节叫,单音节词,，两个音节叫,双音节词,，三个音节以上叫,多音节,。,37/84,K,a,te n,a,me gr,a,de,a,ge c,a,ke f,a,ce g,a,me,Ann m,a,p b,a,g th,a,nk,a,m,a,nd,a,pple,元音字母,Aa,在单词中发音,开音节:,闭音节：,ei,38/84,h,e,sh,e,m,e,tr,ee,j,ee,p b,ee,s,ee,e,gg pen d,e,sk p,e,ncil y,e,s t,e,n b,e,d,元音字母,E,e,在单词中发音,e,闭音节：,i:,开音节：,39/84,元音字母,Ii,在单词中发音,开音节,：,I,h,i,b,i,ke f,i,ne n,i,ce l,i,ke k,i,te,闭音节,：,i,n,i,t,i,s s,i,x s,i,t th,i,s M,i,ss,ai,i,40/84,元音字母,o,在单词中发音,开音节,：,n,o,g,o,h,o,me th,o,se hell,o,zer,o,闭音节,：,n,o,t b,o,x cl,o,ck wr,o,ng d,o,g,o,n,u,41/84,元音字母,Uu,在单词中发音,开音节,闭音节,u:,ju:,ruler Lucy rule,duty use huge excuse,student,bus cup must much mug cut us number,42/84,grade,lake,make,snack,plan,match,neck,send,rest,beef,freeze,Greece,A,E,I,e,ei,i:,ai,i,O,u,u:,ju:,u,43/84,slice,mike,kite,till,ill,lip,ago,whole,nose,stop,lot,mop,fox,pot,top,yuck,duck,bug,much,junk,truck,dust,duty,pupil,flute,mute,fuse,tune,44/84,音 节,单词中音节划分：,每个音节一元音，并连辅音两边分，,还有一点需注音，字母组合不能分，,缺乏元音无音节，不算几个成节音。,一.先找元音去尾e，一个元音一音节。元音相连听音定。,owe u 欠 own un 拥有 snow snu 雪,make meik 使得 mistake misteik 错误,每个音节一元音,45/84,音 节,并连辅音两边分,window 划分成 win dow publish 划分成 pub lish milky 划分成 mil ky market 划分成 mar ket,dirty 划分成dir tycertain 划分成 cer tain,forty 划分成for ty surface 划分成 sur face,purple 划分成 pur ple,46/84,音 节,字母组合不能分,辅音字符,th,sh,ch,tch,ck,等，是不允许分割。这么单词有：fa ther oth er cash ier ma chine pock et meth od moth er fash ion re charge butch er,各种辅音连缀，如,cr,pr,bl,fl,等，也是不允许分割。这么单词有：April 只能划分成 A pril secret 只能划分成 se cret apron只能划分成 a pron sacred 只能划分成 sa cred 包含带前缀一些单词，如 degree,decrease,across,agree,afraid 等,47/84,音 节,缺乏元音无音节，不算几个成节音。,普通音节由元音组成，但辅音m,l,n,ng,和它之前辅音也能够组成音节，普通处于词尾、弱读。,table，uncle，marble，peo ple，hurdle，stable,lesson，socialism,symbolism,有时像,interesting,exciting,读得快时把i带过，也可视作成音节辅音。,是几音节词？,48/84,音节强化练习,27 重读音节,依据录音，标出单词音节数，划出重读音节：,syllable(3),indicating(),receive(),dictionary (),understanding(),because(),considered(),8.mispronounced(),9.correct(),10.important(),11.timetable(),12.textbook(),13.blueprint(),14.driveway(),重读音节特点：,显著长度，较高响亮度和较强用力程度。,2736,49/84,音节强化练习,27 重读音节,依据录音，标出单词音节数，划出重读音节：,15.notebook(),16.greenhouse(),17.motorboat(),18.beefsteak(),19.football(),20.paperback (),2736,重读音节特点：,显著长度，较高响亮度和较强用力程度。,50/84,音节强化练习,27 重读音节,依据录音，标出单词音节数，划出重读音节：,syllable(3),indicating(),receive(),dictionary (),understanding(),because(),considered(),8.mispronounced(),9.correct(),10.important(),11.timetable(),12.textbook(),13.blueprint(),14.driveway(),4,2,4,4,2,3,3,2,3,2,2,2,2,2736,51/84,音节强化练习,27 重读音节,依据录音，标出单词音节数，划出重读音节：,15.notebook(),16.greenhouse(),17.motorboat(),18.beefsteak(),19.football(),20.paperback (),2,2,3,2,2,3,2736,52/84,音节强化练习,28 非重读音节,依据录音，标出单词音节数，划出非重读音节：,obey(2),successful(),communism(),gymnastic (),communicate(),diplomacy(),consolidate(),非重读音节特点：,显著短而轻，用气力度较小，音调较低等特点。,8.electric(),9.prepare(),10.workshop(),11.method (),12.particularly(),13.further(),14.surrender(),15.thermos (),2836,53/84,音节强化练习,28 非重读音节,依据录音，标出单词音节数，划出非重读音节：,obey(2),successful(),communism(),gymnastic (),communicate(),diplomacy(),consolidate(),非重读音节特点：,显著短而轻，用气力度较小，音调较低等特点。,8.electric(),9.prepare(),10.workshop(),11.method (),12.particularly(),13.further(),14.surrender(),15.thermos (),3,4,3,4,4,4,3,2,2,2,5,2,3,2,2836,54/84,音节强化练习,30 重音,依据录音，划出重读音节：,tomatoes,argument(),potatoes(),bananas (),computer(),oranges(),monitor(),8.customer (),9.understand(),10.remember(),11.another (),12.devotion(),13.hospital (),mitment(),3013,重读音节特点：,显著长度，较高响亮度和较强用力程度。,55/84,音节强化练习,依据录音，划出重读音节：,15.handicap(),16.imagine(),17.challenge(),18.emotional(),19.newspaper(),panies (),30 重音,3013,重读音节特点：,显著长度，较高响亮度和较强用力程度。,56/84,8.customer (),9.understand(),10.remember(),11.another (),12.devotion(),13.hospital (),mitment(),tomatoes,argument(),potatoes(),bananas (),computer(),oranges(),monitor(),音节强化练习,依据录音，划出重读音节：,4,2,4,4,2,3,3,2,3,2,2,2,2,30 重音,3013,57/84,15.handicap(),16.imagine(),17.challenge(),18.emotional(),19.newspaper(),panies (),音节强化练习,依据录音，划出重读音节：,2,2,3,2,2,3,30 重音,3013,58/84,五.弱读式与重读式,59/84,弱 读,词强读式和,弱读式,（strong form and weak form),有强读式和弱读式单词：,大多是,单音节限定词、助动词、be动词、介词、关系词和人称代词,。,如：the,a,an,and,but,her,his,us,them,for,from,of,some,there,can,shall,must,are,do,地道,木头,60/84,弱 读,详细发音对比：,some sm,弱 sm,sm,have hv,弱hv,v,v,were w:,w,must mst,弱mst,ms,mst,ms,do 强du:,弱du,d,d,du:,and 强 nd,弱 nd,n,弱读式单词共同点：,词中元音弱化成/,/,或者消失,使用强读式几个情况：,1.在句末。,2.与另一个词形成对比。,3.用重音表示强调。,4.被单独引用。,61/84,弱读强化练习,依据录音，标出句中弱读单词。,31.弱读,It is not an easy decision to make.,No one can pass the test.,What is her name?,They have been here the whole afternoon.,Can I have some more.,He was good,wasnt he?,We will wait till the end of the party.,3111,62/84,弱读强化练习,依据录音，标出句中弱读单词。,31.弱读,8.She opened her eyes and saw the girl at the door.,9.She told me that she had lost her voice.,10.Thats a pity but we can go another time.,11.They told us to leave.,12.First of all,lets look at the concert.,13.It is from overseas.,3111,63/84,弱读强化练习,依据录音，标出句中弱读单词。,31.弱读,14.Jack and Jill are at the concert.,15.These are for a different purpose.,16.The others were at the front.,17.Everything was for the best.,18.Lets have fish for a chance.,19.I am going away for the day.,20.I would rather have a drink than a smoke.,3111,64/84,弱读强化练习,依据录音，标出句中弱读单词。,31.弱读,It is not an easy decision to make.,No one can pass the test.,What is her name?,They have been here the whole afternoon.,Can I have some more.,He was good,wasnt he?,We will wait till the end of the party.,3111,65/84,弱读强化练习,依据录音，标出句中弱读单词。,31.弱读,8.She opened her eyes and saw the girl at the door.,9.She told me that she had lost her voice.,10.Thats a pity but we can go another time.,11.They told us to leave.,12.First of all,lets look at the concert.,13.It is from overseas.,3111,66/84,弱读强化练习,依据录音，标出句中弱读单词。,31.弱读,14.Jack and Jill are at the concert.,15.These are for a different purpose.,16.The others were at the front.,17.Everything was for the best.,18.Lets have fish for a chance.,19.I am going away for the day.,20.I would rather have a drink than a smoke.,3111,67/84,重读强化练习,32.重读,依据录音，标出句中重读单词。,Please eat.,What is that?,Write it down.,Take it back.,Do it now.,Give him some more.,7.Turn on the light.,8.Leave it alone.,9.Finish it if you can.,10.They did it well.,3242,68/84,重读强化练习,32.重读,依据录音，标出句中重读单词。,11.He told us a lie.,12.They walked in the dark.,13.Hang it on the wall.,14.Clean it with a brush.,15.They waited for an hour.,16.Hell finish it today.,17.They heard of it before.,18.I think he ought to.,3242,69/84,重读强化练习,32.重读,依据录音，标出句中重读单词。,18.,19.They went ob a Saturday.,20.I took it to a watch repairer.,3242,70/84,重读强化练习,32.重读,依据录音，标出句中重读单词。,Please eat.,What is that?,Write it down.,Take it back.,Do it now.,Give him some more.,7.Turn on the light.,8.Leave it alone.,9.Finish it if you can.,10.They did it well.,3242,71/84,重读强化练习,32.重读,依据录音，标出句中重读单词。,11.He told us a lie.,12.They walked in the dark.,13.Hang it on the wall.,14.Clean it with a brush.,15.They waited for an hour.,16.Hell finish it today.,17.They heard of it before.,18.I think he ought to.,3242,72/84,重读强化练习,32.重读,依据录音，标出句中重读单词。,18.,19.They went ob a Saturday.,20.I took it to a watch repairer.,3242,73/84,六.重音,74/84,句子重音,1.词重音和句重音区分？,2.哪些单词常带句重音？,实词：名词、形容词、数词、实义动词、副词及部分代词。,3.哪些词需要弱读？,虚词：冠词、介词、连词、助动词、人称代词、关系代词。,Im reading a very interesting novel.,Drive the car slowly.,读准重音意义：语义、语法正确了解,例子,词重音：content kntent kntent,produce prudju:s prdju:s,75/84,Read Aloud,句重音练习,（1）The man at the desk is our teacher.,（2）The man at the desk is our teacher of English.,（3）The man at the desk is our teacher of English from America.,76/84,Read Aloud,1.Theyll visit the museum on Friday.,2.I came to your home,but you were out.,3.By the way,can you come here next week?,4.Lets have some hams and eggs.,5.Shes just as good as he is.,6.What are they staring at?,7.Where did he come from?,8.This is the most beautiful place Ive ever been.,9.I think he should be at home now.,10.He could do it if he would.,句重音练习,77/84,七.意群,78/84,句子意群,一个句子根据意义和语法结构可划分为几个部分，每个部分称为一个意群。,意群是能相对独立表示某种意思一个词、一组词、一个短语或一个分句或主句。,不一样意群在朗诵时需要适当停顿，并用适当语气表示意群所在。,升调含义：意思不完整，尚需下文。,降调含义：意思相对较完整，和后面内容并不非常紧密。,停顿、断句主要性：,已经取得文凭和还未取得文凭干部,有时间来上海玩我招待你,79/84,How to recognize sense group,识别意群：在句子中寻求语义、语法和语音、语气四种平衡。,例：After school，my classmates and I are going to play basketball,例：Well,does a doctor doctor another doctor(in)the
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