新概念第二册课文和翻译.doc

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新概念英语第二册课文及翻译
Lesson 1 A private conversation&nbsp;私人谈话
Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat.&nbsp;&nbsp;The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it.&nbsp;&nbsp;A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily(状语). They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. &#39;I can&#39;t hear a word!&#39; I said angrily.&nbsp;&nbsp;‘It’s none of your business,&#39; the young man said rudely. &#39;This is a private conversation!&#39;.
&nbsp; &nbsp;上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什么。我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：“我一个字也听不见了！”&nbsp;&nbsp;“不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！”
【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】生词和短语
★private　 adj.私人的　
it&#39;s my private letter/house ；美式英语private school:私立学校 &nbsp; &nbsp;英式英语：公学 &nbsp; ETON (private school) &nbsp;
privacy：隐私　 it&#39;s a privacy. adj.
《Private Ryan》 private soldier：大兵
private life：私生
Letter n. 首字母
public：公众的，公开的
public school ； public letter 公开信 ；public place :公共场所
★conversation　n.谈话 &nbsp;uni verse转动 &nbsp;uniform
Uni--bi--tri--quar-pent-sex/hex-sept-oct-nov---dec
Bilateral trade 双边贸易 &nbsp;triangle &nbsp;quarter &nbsp; &nbsp; pentagon sex
古罗马历法 &nbsp; 10个月---12
凯撒大帝 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;julis---July &nbsp;七月
屋大维 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;augusto--August 八月
September九月(原七月）---septwolves
October 十月（原八月）---octopus
November &nbsp;
December---- &nbsp; decade &nbsp;
subject of conversation：话题
&nbsp;辨析： conversation, dialogue, talk, chat
这些名词均含“交谈”之意。
conversation： 一般用词， 指两个或更多人互相交换意见的交谈。
&nbsp;talk： 通用词， 可与conversation换用， 但当talk用作复数时指正式交谈。如six-party talks &nbsp;六方会谈 / &nbsp;phone talks 电话会谈 / &nbsp;peace talks 和谈（和平谈判）。
dialogue： 指“对话”， 多指剧中的对白。
chat： 指熟人之间非常随便的交谈， 强调谈话的亲密和非正式性。
★theatre　 n.剧场，戏剧
cinema:　电影院
★seat　　n.座位　
have a good seat(place) &nbsp; take a seat : 座下来，就座
take your seat/take a seat
Is the seat taken?　这个座位有人吗？no/yes
sit down ,please
seat　take your seat,please
be seated,please 更为礼貌
seat是及物动词，后面有宾语
sit是不及物动词，后面不加宾语
seat后面会加人; seat sb;　seat him;　seat sb.:让某人就座
he is sitting there. &nbsp; &nbsp; you seat him;
〖语法精粹〗
When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.
A.sit　 B.set　C.seated　 D.were seated
★play　 n.戏
★loudly adv. 大声的
★angry　adj. 生气的
cross=angry ;　I was angry.He was cross.
annoyed: 恼火的;&nbsp;
I was annoyed.&nbsp; &nbsp; I was angry/cross.
I was very angry.
be blue in the face; I am blue in the face.
★angrily　adv. 生气的&nbsp;
副词修饰动词
★attention　n. 注意
Attention ,please. 请注意
pay attention :注意
pay attention to : 对什么注意
You must pay attention to that girl.
pay a little attention :稍加注意
pay much attention :多加注意
pay more attention :更多注意
pay no attention　 :不用注意 &nbsp; &nbsp;
pay close attention &nbsp;密切关注
链接 1） draw/catch/arrest/attract one’s attention
吸引某人注意力
2） turn one’s attention to ...把注意力转向…
&nbsp; &nbsp; 3） focus/fix one’s attention on 集中注意力于…
&nbsp; &nbsp; 4） distract/divert attention from... 分散注意
★bear(bore,borne)　v. 容忍
I can&#39;t bear/stand you
endure :忍受,容忍 &nbsp; endurable &nbsp;
put up with :忍受
I got divorced.I could not put up with him
suffer:遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)+痛苦
I suffer the headache. &nbsp; Suffer from
He often suffers defeat.
bear/stand/endure=put up with
忍受的极限在加大
bear n.熊　white bear
bear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱 &nbsp; give sb a bear hug
★Business　n. 事
Business man :生意人 &nbsp; &nbsp;business card /name card 名片
do Business: 做生意 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Harvard business college
on Business:出差
I went to Tianjin on Business.
thing　可以指事情,也可以指东西
It&#39;s my Business 私人事情=It&#39;s none of your Business= None of your Business
★rudely　adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地
rude adj.
【课文讲解】
Last week
go to the theatre
see a film,go to the cinema
go to the +地点　表示去某地干嘛
go to the doctor&#39;s 去看病
go to the dairy　去牛奶店
go to the + 人 + &#39;s 表示去这个人开的店
go to the butcher&#39;s 买肉
go to school: 去上学
go to church: 去做礼拜
go to hospital(医院):去看病
go to the Great Wall
go home; 跟Home相连一定表示没有事情可做,回家休息
I am at Home
enjoy, enjoy oneself:玩的开心 &nbsp; &nbsp;have a passion for 热爱
enjoy+sth :喜欢,从当中得到一种享受
I like something very much./I love something.
I enjoy the class.
I enjoy the music.
I enjoy the book.
enjoy the dinner/film/program/game
were sitting :当时正座在
过去进行时态 :过去的某个时间正在发生的动作
一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述
I+be+v(ing)
The girl was reading a book in the garden.A boy came to her.
The girl is reading a book in the garden.
got :变得,表示一种变化,got angry
I am/was angry 是一个事实
I got angry:强调变化过程
It is hot.
It got hot.
got取代be动词,got是一个半联系动词,可以直接加形容词
说话的时候喜欢用缩略.I&#39;m not,he isn&#39;t,they aren&#39;t
写的时候会说:I am not,he is not,they are not
I didn&#39;t do sth,I did not do sth
hear:听见
hear+人:听见某人的话
I could not hear you.Beg your pardon?
I couldn&#39;t hear you./I couldn&#39;t hear a word./I couldn&#39;t catch your word.
I couldn&#39;t hear you clearly./I couldn&#39;t catch your words.
Beg your pardon? /I couldn&#39;t catch your words.
turn round:转头
I could not bear it./you./the noise.
I can&#39;t hear a word.
hear a word, a word 等于一句话
May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?
写作当中的第一步从完整句子开始写起
sitting behind
behind:　　　在...后面
in front of :在...前面 (相对静止的概念)
before :　　 在...前面 (+词、句子、一定和时间相连)
above:　　　 在...上面
ahead of:　　在...前面 (+时间、位置)(动态的行为)
He arrived before six o&#39;clock.
Before he came back
Ahead of time
He goes ahead of me.
any——用在否定句和疑问句中
some——用在肯定句中
none——没有任何东西、没有任何人　None knows./None of us knows.
not any=no
not——否定词,要放在非实义动词后面
He didn&#39;t pay attention
no——形容词、修饰名词
I don&#39;t have any friends./I have no friends.
I have no time./I don&#39;t have any time.

【KEY STUCTURES】 关键句型
Word order in simple statements: 简单陈述句的语序
陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号

　6　　　　1　　　　2　　　　 3　　　　 4　　　　 5　　　　 6
when?　　 Who?　　　Action　　Who?　　　How?　　　Where?　　When?
　　　　　Which?　　　　　　　Which?
　　　　　What?　　　　　　　 What?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
---主语一般有名词或代词构成 &nbsp; &nbsp;you can use the smartphone.
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The girl （sitting over there )gives me an apple.
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;who is sitting over there 定语 修饰 &nbsp;的
非谓语动词 （ 现在分词ing，过去分词ed，动词不定式 to do） &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; sitting over there =who is sitting over there &nbsp;简短
Me &nbsp;间接宾语 &nbsp; &nbsp;apple 直接宾语
2 ---谓语由动词充当
3 ---宾语
4 ---副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语
I like her very much
5 ---地点状语
6 ---时间状语可以放在句首或句末　I like the girl very much in Beijing last year.
简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语
主语——&gt;动词——&gt;宾语——&gt;状语
状语: 放在最前面是副词,方式状语,表示状态/程度的状语,下面是地点,然后是时间
1.主语和动词不能少
2.如果时间和地点连在一起,先放地点,再放时间
如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配　when and where
练习：
排列句子The little boy; an apple; this morning; ate greedily; in the Kitchen.
The little boy ate an apple greedily in the Kitchen this morning.
排列句子　 game; played; yesterday; in their room; the children; quietly

The children played game quietly in their room yesterday.

&nbsp;
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?&nbsp;早餐还是午餐？
&nbsp; &nbsp;It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.
Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside.
&#39;What a day!&#39; I thought. &#39;It&#39;s raining again.&#39; Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.&#39; I&#39;ve just arrived by train,&#39; she said. &#39;I&#39;m coming to see you.&#39; &#39;But I&#39;m still having breakfast,&#39; I said.
&#39;What are you doing?&#39; she asked. ‘I’m having breakfast,&#39; I repeated.
&#39;Dear me,&#39; she said. &#39;Do you always get up so late? It&#39;s one o&#39;clock!&#39;&#39;
&nbsp; &nbsp;那是个星期天，而在星期天我是从来不早起的，有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上个星期天，我起得很晚。我望望窗外，外面一片昏暗。“鬼天气！”我想，“又下雨了。”正在这时，电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。“我刚下火车，”她说，“我这就来看你。”
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;“但我还在吃早饭，”我说。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;“你在干什么？”她问道。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;“我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。
“天啊，”她说，“你总是起得这么晚吗？现在已经1点钟了！”
until&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;1.&nbsp;prep. 到…为止， 在…以前
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I stayed up until four o’clock trying to get my assignment done.&nbsp; （用作介词， 引出时间状语）
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 我熬夜到四点以完成功课。
非谓语动词：现在分词 ing &nbsp; 过去分词 &nbsp;ed 动词不定式 &nbsp;to do
汉语 重 意合
英语 重 形合
后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句
1) His father didn&#39;t die until he came back. (肯定)
直到他回来,他爸爸才死。
2) His father was alive until he came back.　(否定)
直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的。
conj. 到…为止， 在…以前， 直到…才
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nothing is learned until you can use it. （该句中是用作连词，因为它后面跟的是句子）&nbsp;
★outside　　　　　adv. 外面 &nbsp; &nbsp; 作状语
He is waiting for me outside. &nbsp; &nbsp;Inside &nbsp;adv.
It is cold outside.
★ring(rang.rung)　v.(铃、电话等)响 (刺耳的)
The telephone(door bell) is ringing.
给某人打电话 : ring sb.
Tomorrow I&#39;ll ring you.
打电话(名) : give sb. a ring
remember to ring me/remember to give me a ring
★ring a bell 提醒， 使…想起&nbsp; （听力必备词汇）
&nbsp; Does this name ring a bell?&nbsp; 这个名字是否让你想起点什么？
&nbsp; n. 环状物 ，圆圈 , 戒指
The kids sat in a ring around the teacher. 孩子们围坐在老师周围。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Lord of the Rings&nbsp;&nbsp; 《指环王》&nbsp; &nbsp;landlord n.地主
★aunt　　　　　　 n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈
uncle:　叔叔　 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; sibling &nbsp; &nbsp;n.兄弟姐妹
cousin: 堂兄妹 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;offspring &nbsp; &nbsp;n. &nbsp;descendant &nbsp;n.
nephew: 外甥
niece:　外甥女
Vi. &nbsp;不及物 &nbsp; Vt.及物动词
★Would you mind repeating your question please? 你能重复一遍你的问题吗？
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; History always repeats itself. 历史总在重演。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Anyone can make a mistake, but only a fool repeats it. 人人皆犯错， 只有傻瓜一犯再犯。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;★repeat + that…&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; She repeated that she had no interest in this field.&nbsp; 她一再说她对这个领域不感兴趣。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; → n. repetition&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;His second book is full of repetition. 他的第二 本书有许多重复之处。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;→ adj. repeated&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;repeated mistakes 老出的错 / warnings 不停的警告
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;→ adv. repeatedly&nbsp; &nbsp;He visited her family repeatedly, begging her to marry him.&nbsp; 他一再地拜访她家，求她嫁给他。
&nbsp;1. What a day!&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 感叹句， 用来表示说话人的喜怒哀乐， 一般用感叹词how或what引导， how修饰形容词或副词， what修饰的中心词是名词。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What引导的感叹句基本结构：
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ①What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词 （单数） ＋主语＋谓语! （主谓可省）
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What a beautiful day （it is） !
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ②What＋形容词＋可数名词复数 （或不可数名词） ＋主语＋谓语！
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What cute puppies （these are） !
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What lovely weather （it is） !
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; How引导的感叹句基本结构是： How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; How terrifying the experience is!
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2. It’s raining again.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; “下雨了！” 有多种表达法。如：
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; It’s drizzling. （毛毛雨）
&nbsp;It’s raining cats and dogs. （大雨瓢泼）
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I will be there for you, rain or shine! （风雨无阻）
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3. “I’ve just arrived by train,” she said. “I’ m coming to see you.”
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 交通方式= by + 具体交通工具 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;derail
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; by &nbsp;train / bus / bike / ship / plane / light rail / subway / MRT （mass rapid transit） ／minibus /motorbike / moped （助动车）等等， 除了on foot。
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Lesson 3 Please send me a card&nbsp;请给我寄一张明信片
Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of&nbsp;Italian. &#39;Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send any cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!
&nbsp; &nbsp;明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！
Word Study&nbsp;
1.spoil&nbsp; vt.(spoiled or spoilt)
1). ruin 破坏，糟蹋，使…不如意&nbsp;
The rain spoiled the picnic.&nbsp; 下雨了，野炊泡汤了。&nbsp;
Too much oil spoils the soup.&nbsp; 油太重了会坏了汤的味道。
几种破坏：
打破玻璃用break;
damage:破坏，但是程度不一定很重;
destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁;
以上三个是指物理上的破坏，而spoil主要指精神上　
2). 娇惯，宠爱&nbsp;
The child is badly spoiled.&nbsp; 那孩子给惯坏了。&nbsp;
3). 食物变坏，变质&nbsp;
Meat spoils easily in summer.&nbsp; 夏天，肉容易臭。&nbsp;
4). 谚语&nbsp;
Spare the rod and spoil the child.&nbsp;省了棍子惯坏了孩子/不打不成材
5). spoiler&nbsp;
spoil-sport 扫兴的人&nbsp; &nbsp;
Don&#39; t be such a spoil-sport !&nbsp;别这麽扫人兴!
2.public&nbsp; 公共的，公众的　
这个词我们在第一课见过了，基本用法和private一起记。下面再说两点：
1）public house简称pub：酒吧 bar
2）in public:公开的; in private:私下里的
3.friendly&nbsp; &nbsp;adj. &nbsp; &nbsp;Lovely
friendly adj.友好的
以-ly结尾是形容词，同样的还有lovely
friendly单独用，一般做宾语来用
作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用短语in a friendly way
1). 亲切的，和蔼的，友好的&nbsp;
A doctor should be a friendly person.&nbsp;医生应该亲切。&nbsp;
friendly nations 友邦&nbsp;
a friendly smile 亲切的微笑&nbsp;
a friendly match 友谊赛&nbsp;
2). 有利的，有益的&nbsp;
a friendly rain 及时雨&nbsp;
a friendly warning 忠告&nbsp;
3).be on friendly terms with sb.&nbsp;与某人关系融洽&nbsp;
This company is on friendly terms with clients.&nbsp;这家公司与客户的关系很好。&nbsp;
4). friend&nbsp;
make friends with 与某人交朋友&nbsp;
A friend in need is a friend indeed. &nbsp;Adj.真正的&nbsp;
患难朋友才是真正的朋友。&nbsp;
5). friendship 友谊&nbsp;
4.lend&nbsp;
lend color to 使某件事情显得可信&nbsp;
The success of the experiment lends color to his theory.&nbsp;
实验的成功使他的理论更可信。&nbsp;
lend an ear to 耐心而同情地听&nbsp;
We should lend an ear to those international refugees.&nbsp;
我们应该耐心听听国际难民的遭遇。&nbsp;
lend name to 参与某事&nbsp;
He never lends his name to violence.&nbsp;
他从不参与暴力活动。&nbsp;
lend a (helping)hand to 资助，帮助&nbsp;
The merciful boss lends a helping hand to the village with a school.&nbsp; &nbsp;Mercy
那位好心的老板资助这个村庄建学校。&nbsp;
5.decision&nbsp;
做出决定做某事&nbsp;
make /reach/come to / a decision to do sth&nbsp;
decide to do sth&nbsp;
make up one’s mind to do sth&nbsp;
be determined to do sth&nbsp; &nbsp; determination &nbsp;n.
Success goes to the determined.==where there is a will,there is a way.
7. whole&nbsp;adj.整个的
on the whole 整体说来&nbsp;
The plan is successful on the whole.&nbsp;
整体来说，这个计划是成功的。&nbsp;
as a whole 总体来说&nbsp;
The book is worth reading as a whole.&nbsp;
总的来说，这本书值得一读。&nbsp;
the whole truth 全部真相&nbsp;
wholehearted 全心全意的，全神贯注的→wholeheartedly&nbsp;
wholeness 完整性&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;wholesale 批发&nbsp;
all of后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修饰词，一旦要加名词，前面一定要加the
all of us;all of the students
8.single&nbsp;
a single bed 单人床 &nbsp; &nbsp;→ a double bed 双人床&nbsp;
a single parent 单亲&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
biological parent 亲生父母 &nbsp;
adoptive/foster parent养父母
the single life 独身生活→ a married life 婚姻生活&nbsp;
a single ticket 单程票→ a round trip ticket 往返票&nbsp;
9.word&nbsp;
have a word with sb 和某人说几句话&nbsp;
have words with sb 与某人争吵&nbsp;
写作：in other words 换句话说&nbsp;
word for word 一字一句地，原原本本地&nbsp;
Can I have a word with you ?&nbsp;我能和你说几句话吗？&nbsp;
Tony had words with his wife last night.
Tony 昨天晚上和妻子吵架了。&nbsp;
In other words, you can’t live without communicating.&nbsp;
换句话说，你活着就得交流。&nbsp;
She told me the whole story word for word.&nbsp;
她把事情一五一十地告诉了我。&nbsp;&nbsp;
Keep the word =keep a promise 信守诺言&nbsp;
Break a promise
10.line&nbsp; &nbsp; n. &nbsp;v.
line up 排队&nbsp;
outline 轮廓，纲要，概述&nbsp;
underline 下划线&nbsp; v.
read between lines 读懂言外之意&nbsp;
be online 在线&nbsp;
be offline 离线&nbsp;
Fans lined up for the signature from the super star.&nbsp;
追星族排队等候大明星的签名。&nbsp;
The architect drew an outline of the building.&nbsp;
建筑师画出了大楼的轮廓。&nbsp;
He outlined his theory in a few words.&nbsp;
他用几句话概括了他的理论。&nbsp;
When it comes to poet, we always need to read between lines.&nbsp;
说到诗，很多情况下我们不能只从字面上理解。&nbsp;
11.think&nbsp;
think about/of 考虑，思考，think of还可指 想到
What do you think of the weather today?
冷：cold,chilly(凛冽)，freeze:I&#39;ll freeze.(冻僵)
think over:仔细考虑
think out 仔细考虑，想出办法&nbsp;
think sth through 全面地考虑问题&nbsp;
think-tank 智囊团，专家小组&nbsp;panel
thinkable 可以想象的，可以想见的&nbsp;----unthinkable 不可想象的&nbsp;
thinker 思想家&nbsp;,statesman,educator,poet
12.send v.寄
寄信：send a letter
用法：send sth to sb/send sb sth
类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell...
send/take children to school
区别：take：强调某人亲自送;
send则是通过第三人去送，如美国的校车
本课重点：双宾语
双宾语指直接宾语(表示动作结果)和间接宾语(表示动作目标)
如在give sb sth中，sb是间接宾语，sth是直接宾语
间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
give sth to sb.(对……而做，翻译为“给”)或for(为……而做，翻译为“替”)
可以翻译为“给”，“替”，“为”的，就用for;如果只能翻译为“给”就以用to
　　give a book to me;I buy a book for you.
　　总结：用for的词：buy,order,make,find
　　Do me a favor please.=Do a favor for me.
　　Exercise
　　1.He paid some money to the shop-keeper.
2.The writer brought the man a bottle of beer.
宾语补足语
museum n.博物馆
英语词源故事——museum（博物馆）：文艺女神缪斯
缪斯（Muses）是希腊神话中主管科学和文艺的女神们的总称，共九位。由于缪斯女神主管文艺，所以在古代西方，人们往往将杰出的艺术作品放在缪斯女神的神庙中，这就是博物馆（museum）的起源。它由muse（缪斯）和表示“场所”的后缀-um，本意就是“缪斯的神庙”。

同样，英语单词music（音乐）原本是muse的形容词，本意是“缪斯的（艺术）”，mosaic（马赛克、镶嵌艺术）的本意是“work of the Muses”（缪斯的作品），以前都是供奉给缪斯女神的。
Muse： [mjuːz] &nbsp;n. 司文艺、音乐、美术的女神缪斯
museum：[mjuː&#39;zɪəm]n.博物馆
music：[&#39;mjuːzɪk]n.音乐，乐曲
mosaic：[mə(ʊ)&#39;zeɪɪk]n.马赛克，镶嵌，镶嵌图案
那么多博物馆一定要记住我们的Palace Museum(故宫)
14.性别词缀-ess “女的，女性的，雌性的”&nbsp;
waiter →waitress 女服务员&nbsp;只出现在餐馆里
actor →actress 女演员&nbsp;</p>