雅思阅读之定位词PPT课件.ppt

雅思阅读之定位词1.一、雅思定位词在文章中出现的第一种也是最常见的一种变身是“同义替换”，这包含同义词或同义词组。剑6 6，Test4Test4的Q9Q9：Kim Schaefer Kim Schaefers marketing technique may be open s marketing technique may be open to criticism on to criticism on moralmoral grounds grounds。我们会在文章第三段中定位到“Selling Selling pharmaceuticals is a daily exercise in ethical pharmaceuticals is a daily exercise in ethical judgmentjudgment”，而其中ethicalethical即为moralmoral的同义词。2.剑4 4，Test3Test3的Q9Q9：Any street child can Any street child can set up their own small set up their own small businessbusiness if given enough support.if given enough support.在文章中定位，我们会在文章中“Lessons Lessons learnedlearned”的部分中定位到“Being an Being an entrepreneur is not for everyone,not for entrepreneur is not for everyone,not for every street childevery street child”。此处，文章中“Being an entrepreneurBeing an entrepreneur”即为定位词的同义词组。3.其他的同义词/词组变身如:perceive sense evolve develop detect find mortal people unbiased objective limb arm or leg waste unwanted material resemble look like dwelling domestic building4.二、雅思定位词在文章中出现的第二种变身是“近义替换”，这包含近义词或近义词组。剑7 7，Test1Test1的Q8Q8：However,even before this was understood,the principle However,even before this was understood,the principle had been applied in the design of instruments which had been applied in the design of instruments which calculatedcalculated the _ of the the _ of the seabedseabed。在文章中我们会定位到“Before this was discovered,Before this was discovered,engineers had already built instruments to exploit the engineers had already built instruments to exploit the principle,for example to measure the depth of the principle,for example to measure the depth of the seaseaseasea under a shipunder a ship”。此处“measuremeasure”即为“calculatecalculate”的近义词，而“seasea”即为“seabedseabed”的上义词。5.其他的近义词/词组变身如：salary wage statement comment be gained from derive from valuable important break down subdivide6.三、雅思定位词在文章中出现的第三种变身是“派生词”。剑6 6，Test3Test3的Q33Q33：Monkeys were less likely to become Monkeys were less likely to become diabeticdiabetic。在文章中定位，我们能定位到句子“and they have and they have more normal blood glucose levels(pointing to a reduced more normal blood glucose levels(pointing to a reduced risk for diabetes,which is marked by usually high blood risk for diabetes,which is marked by usually high blood glucose levels)glucose levels)”。题目中定位词“diabeticdiabetic”为名词，意为“糖尿病患者”，而文章中的“diabetesdiabetes”也为名词，但意为“糖尿病”，是“diabeticdiabetic”的派生词。7.剑4 4，Test4Test4的Q14Q14：archaeology involves archaeology involves creativitycreativity as well as careful as well as careful investigativeinvestigative work work。此题为是非无判断题，在文章中我们能定位到“Archaeology is partly the discovery of the Archaeology is partly the discovery of the treasures of the past,treasures of the past,partly the exercise of the partly the exercise of the creative imaginationcreative imaginationit is investigating the sewers it is investigating the sewers of Roman Britainof Roman Britain”。题目中定位词“creativitycreativity”为名词，在文章中对应形式“creativecreative”（形容词）为它的派生词；定位词“investigativeinvestigative”为形容词，在文章中对应形式“investigateinvestigate”（动词）为它的派生词。8.其他的派生词变身如：recover recovery evolutionary evolveerosion erode 9.四、雅思定位词在文章中出现的第四种变身是“反义词的否定形式”。What makes sticky insects feet special is the fact that they What makes sticky insects feet special is the fact that they can also can also detachdetach themselves easily from a surface themselves easily from a surface。此题属于人名理论配对，我们会定位到“There are lots There are lots of ways to make two surfaces stick together,but there are of ways to make two surfaces stick together,but there are very few which provide precise and reversible very few which provide precise and reversible attachmentattachment says Stas Gorb says Stas Gorb”，句中attachmentattachment实际上为detachdetach的反义词attachattach的名词形式，而reversiblereversible表示可逆的，因此reversible attachmentreversible attachment即为detachdetach的反义词（组）的否定形式。10.其它的反义词否定形式变身如：similar not unusual11.五、雅思定位词在文章中出现的第五种变身是“原词”，即没有变身。这种情况多发生在定位词是专有名词、专业术语或实义名词时。剑7 7，Test3Test3的Q28Q28：Problems in Problems in Nordic countriesNordic countries were excluded because they were excluded because they are outside the European Economic Communityare outside the European Economic Community，此题为是非无判断题，我们能够在第一段定位到“Those Those confined to particular geographical areas,such as countries confined to particular geographical areas,such as countries bordering the Mediterranean or the Nordic countries bordering the Mediterranean or the Nordic countries therefore had to be discardedtherefore had to be discarded”，句中的“Nordic countriesNordic countries”即为定位词原词。12.