高级英语第二册lesson1-lesson8修辞.doc

Lesson1
1 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor
2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence
3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile
4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet
5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor, simile

Lesson2
1 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence
2 A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—historical present, transferred epithet
3 Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche
4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, adnthen more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism
5 Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence
6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simile

Lesson3
The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor
They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile
It was on such an occasion to other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and there, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus.—metaphor
The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile
Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor , alliteration
When E.M. Forster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,” we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor

Lesson4
Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance
United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis
…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor
Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression
All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion, climax
And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—contrast, winding

Lesson5
Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor
Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.—metaphor, hyperbole
Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis
What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody
This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey. ==understatement
Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor, extended metaphor

Lesson6
As in architecture, so in automating.—elliptical sentence

Lesson7
Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor, hyperbole, antithetical contrast
Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination—and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole, antithetical contrast
The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.—litotes, understatement
Obviously, if there were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high-pitched roof, to throw off the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it was tall.—sarcasm
And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.—metaphor
When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule ,irony, metaphor
I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony
Safe in a Pullman, have whirled through the gloomy, God-forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia
It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole ,irony
They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony
It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphor

Lesson8
One speaks of” human relations” and one means the most inhuman relations, those between alienated automatons; one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.—parallism