山东省青岛市2014高考英语-完形填空、阅读理解训练题(9).doc

青岛市2014高考英语完形填空、阅读理解训练题（9）及答案
阅读理解
While some scientists overlook the existence of a sixth sense for danger, a new research from Washington University in St. Louis has identified a brain area that clearly acts as an early warning system and helps us adjust our behavior to avoid dangerous situations.
"Our brains are better at picking up not obvious warning signs than we previously thought," said Joshua Brown, PhD, a research associate in psychology in the Feb. 18 issue of the journal Science.
The findings offer exact scientific evidence for a new way to form a concept of the complex control processes taking place in and around the ACC, a brain area located near the top of the frontal lobes(耳垂) and along the walls that divide the left and right hemispheres(大脑半球).
"In the past, we found activity in the ACC when people had to make a difficult decision, or after they make a mistake," Brown said. "But now we find that this brain area can actually learn to recognize when you might make a mistake, even before a difficult decision has to be made. So the ACC appears to act as an early warning system—— it learns to warn us in advance when our behavior might lead to a negative outcome, so that we can be more careful and avoid making a mistake."
By providing a clearer picture of the cognitive mechanisms(认知结构) by which we self monitor and control our behavior, the study is an important step in efforts to develop more effective treatments for mental illnesses. It also provides a new way of understanding inappropriate behaviors that often accompany mental illnesses.
"Our results suggest how injury of the ACC mechanisms can lead to breakdowns in the early warning system, so that the brain fails to stop or control inappropriate behavior ahead of time," said Brown. "On the other hand, in those persons with mental disorder, the ACC might warn of an upcoming problem even when no problem is in the existence."
Known to be an important part of the brain's control system, the ACC is believed to help adjust between cold, hard, fact-based reasoning and emotional responses, such as love, fear or expectation.
68. According to the passage, the ACC____________.
A. refers to the sixth sense for danger B. deals with obvious warning situations
C. connects the left and right hemispheres D. sends warning messages in advance
69. The new research is beneficial because it ________ .
A. provides a new way of avoiding mistakes
B. adjusts emotional responses in time of danger
C. helps find better treatments for mental illnesses
D. assists people in predicting and avoiding danger
70. The new research helps us understand _________.
A. why we are likely to make mistakes when the ACC is badly injured
B. why people with mental illnesses usually have so many strange behaviors
C. how the ACC works when something dangerous happens
D. how our brain warns us of failure in advance

参考答案 68-70 DCA

阅读理解
The Chinese mainland and Taiwan today extended the number of regular cross-Straits direct passenger flights from 108 to 270 a week.
Six cities, which are Hefei, Harbin, Nanchang, Guiyang, Ningbo and Jinan, are joining another 21 mainland cities in operating direct passenger flights to Taiwan, the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) said.
The 108 direct passenger flights previously operated were all classed as chartered(特许的)flights. The new services will contain both regular chartered and scheduled flights.
Among the 27 designated(指定的)mainland terminals（终点）, 25 will launch scheduled direct passenger flights from Monday to Saturday, to Taipei’s Taoyuan or Kaohsiung airports.
Scheduled direct cargo flights will be launched between Shanghai, Guangzhou on the mainland and Taoyuan, Kaohsiung, which will bring the total number of weekly chartered and scheduled cargo flights to 28, according to the CAAC.
The mainland and Taiwan began direct air and sea transport links and postal services on Dec 15 last year. Previously, air and sea connections, including mail, were routed through a third location, usually Hong Kong.
On Nov 4 last year, the mainland and Taiwan agreed to regular direct passenger charter flights across the Straits. Before that, flights were only offered on weekends and during the country’s four major traditional festivals – the Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. (Xinhua Agency)
60. Which city is not included in the six cities?
A. Guiyang B. Nanchang C. Wuhan D. Harbin
61. What is the meaning of the underlined word “cargo”?
A. something of cars B. goods C. something about animals D. cage
62. Which description is Not true according to the passage?
A. Before this extending there were 108 direct passenger flights a week.
B. Before Nov 4 last year, passengers only obtained flights on weekends and the four major traditional festivals.
C. After January this year, air and sea connections incluing mail, had to be through Hong Kong.
D. Among the 27 mainland cities, 25 will launch scheduled direct passenger flights.
63. According to the CAAC, the total number of weekly chartered and scheduled cargo flights will be ____.
A. 27 B. 28 C. 29 D. 30

参考答案60-63 CBCB

完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
James’s New Bicycle
James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully __36__ the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90! __37__ on earth was he going to get the __38__ of the money?
He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was __39__ to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no __40__ asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to __41__.
There was only one way to get money, and that was to __42__ it. He would have to find a job. __43__ who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice, who usually had __44__ on most things.
“Well, you can start right here,” said Mr. Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.”
That was the __45__ of James’s odd-job（零工） business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the __46__ of jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the __47__ of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the __48__ increased and he knew that he would soon have __49__ for the bicycle he longed for.
The day __50__ came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He __51__ no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode __52__ home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard __53__ for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more __54__ he had bought it with his own money. He had __55__what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.
36. A. cleaned B. covered C. counted D. checked
37. A. How B. Why C. Who D. What
38. A. amount B. part C. sum D. rest
39. A. brave B. hard C. smart D. unfair
40. A. point B. reason C. result D. right
41. A. split B. spend C. spare D. save
42. A. borrow B. earn C. raise D. collect
43. A. Or B. So C. For D. But
44. A. decisions B. experience C. opinions D. knowledge
45. A. beginning B. introduction C. requirement D. opening
46. A. similarity B. quality C. suitability D. variety
47. A. brand B. number C. size D. type
48. A. effort B. pressure C. money D. trouble
49. A. all B. enough C. much D. some
50. A. finally B. instantly C. normally D. regularly
51. A. gave B. left C. took D. wasted
52. A. patiently B. proudly C. silently D. tiredly
53. A. applying B. asking C. looking D. working
54. A. since B. if C. than D. though
55. A. deserved B. benefited C. achieved D. learned
答案和解析：
36.【解析】C为了买自行车，作者在数自己的钱。count数符合题意。
37.【解析】A表示方式，他到底怎么样才能得到购买自行车的其余的钱呢？
38.【解析】D作者已经有了24.52美元，在这里用rest指购买自行车的其余的钱。
39.【解析】B作者的朋友都有自行车，这样的话他和他们一起出去的话就会觉得很难。
40.【解析】A句型：there be no point in doing sth,做什么是没有意义的。
41.【解析】C作者知道自己的父母抽不出任何钱让他去买自行车。spare sb. sth,给某人抽出某种东西，该物多为时间或金钱。
42.【解析】B作者认识到实现自己梦想的唯一方式是自己挣钱。earn挣钱；collect收集，筹集；raise筹集。所以正确答案为B。
43.【解析】D上下文是转折关系，虽然他知道要自己挣钱，但是谁会雇佣他呢？
44.【解析】C Mr. Clay对大多数事情都有自己的见解。opinions见解。
45.【解析】A那是James零工的开始，beginning 开始。
46.【解析】D为了凑够买自行车的钱，他做了各种各样的零工。variety种类，符合题意。
47.【解析】B为了购买自行车，他为别人刷了很多车，他自己都已经记不清刷过的车的数量了。
48.【解析】C随着自己做零工的增加，钱也越来越多，C项符合题意。
49.【解析】B他知道自己不久就会有足够多的钱去买自己梦想中的自行车了。
50.【解析】A能够买起自行车的那一天终于到来了，finally终于符合句意。
51.【解析】D当他数过自己的钱后，他立刻去买自行车了，没有浪费一分钟的时间。
52.【解析】B经过自己的努力，他终于实现了自己的愿望，所以当然是自豪地proudly。
53.【解析】D为挣钱而工作当然是辛苦的，
54.【解析】A该句话的意思是：James知道他的自行车意义重大，因为他是用自己的钱购买的。
55.【解析】C他通过自己的努力实现了自己的梦想。achieve实现，符合句意
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高考考纲词汇记忆
重点单词
neighbour (美neighbor) [ˈneɪbə(r)] n. 邻居，邻人
neighbourhood (美neighborhood) ['neibəhud] n. 四邻；邻近地区
neither [ˈnaɪðə(r), ˈniːðə(r)] a. （两者）都不;也不
nephew [ˈnefjuː, ˈnevjuː] n. 侄子，外甥
nervous [ˈnɜːvəs] a. 紧张不安的
nest [nest] n. 巢；窝
net [net] n. 网
network [ˈnetwɜːk] n. 网络，网状系统
never [ˈnevə(r)] ad. 决不，从来没有
new [njuː; (US) nuː] a. 新的；新鲜的
New York [njuː jɔːk] n. 纽约
New Zealand [njuː 'zi:lənd] * n. 新西兰
New Zealander [njuː 'zi:ləndə]n. 新西兰人
news [njuːz; (US) nuːz] n. 新闻，消息
newspaper [njuːz; (US) nuːz] n. 报纸
next [nekst] a. 最近的，紧挨着的，隔壁的；下一次 ad. 随后，然后，下一步 n. 下一个人（东西）
nice [naɪs]a.令人愉快;好的漂亮的
niece [niːs] n. 侄女，甥女
night [naɪt] n. 夜；夜间
night-club [naɪt-klʌb] n. 夜总会
nine [naɪn] num. 九
nineteen [naɪnˈtiːn] num. 十九
ninety [ˈnaɪntɪ] num. 九十
ninth [naɪnθ] num. 第九

重点短语
in line 在队伍中
line up 排队
link A with B 把a和b联系起来
on everyone’s lips 每个人都在谈论
make/ draw up/ write a list 写一个单子
shopping list 购物单
listen to 听
works of literature 文学作品
little by little 渐渐
little finger 小指
live on 以sth为生
live up to 符合
live performance 现场演出
pay off a loan 付清贷款
loan sb sth= loan sth to sb 把sth借给sb
be located 位于
on location 在外景地
lock up 锁起来
sleep like a log 熟睡
lonely life 寂寞的生活
lonely village 偏僻的山村
a long time 长时间
long silence/ pause/ delay 长时间的沉默/停顿
long face 拉长着脸
as long as 只要
no longer 不再
all day long 整天
long to do 渴望去做
long for sth渴望得到sth
long for sb to do 渴望sb去做sth
long-term plan 长期的计划
look sb up and down 上下打量sb
look sb in the eye 直视sb
Look before you leap. 三思而后行
look out 小心
look at 看
look after 照顾
look around 环顾四周
look back 回顾
look for 寻找
look into 调查

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