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2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷
考生须知：
1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．－The online shopkeeper has made an apology for his rude behavior.
－OK. If you’re still not satisfied, you can _______ compensation.
A．claim B．afford
C．sacrifice D．dismiss
2．It’s certainly hard work.But, a man who wishes to have a career has to make a great many sacrifices.
A．on the contrary B．in addition C．on the other hand D．in that case
3．Time is a precious ________ that is often taken for granted among the young people.
A．commodity B．commission C．component D．constitution
4．In the virtual laboratory environment created in the VR app, students can ________ a particular experiment before doing them in a real lab.
A．reveal B．reserve
C．preview D．provide
5．Not even when _____through the darkest valley _____be afraid, for you are always close beside me.
A．do I walk; will I B．do I walk; I will C．I walk ; I will D．I walk; will I
6．When she was in trouble, I did what I could to help her．__________ my help, she wrote me a letter of thanks．
A．In honor of B．In case of C．In terms of D．In return for
7．You have a big mouth, Tom. You have told everybody the secret.
A．can’t B．mustn’t
C．shouldn’t D．mightn’t
8．Although the situation was tough during the economic crisis now things are beginning to ________.
A．look up B．keep up C．set up D．build up
9．After a long absence, I went back to college, _______ to pick up where I’d left off.
A．hoping B．hope
C．to hope D．hoped
10．I have no doubt that he will make it, but I wonder_____ he is really ready enough.
A．what B．why
C．whether D．That
11．The TV station will be ______ the game live on Saturday afternoon, and we can’t miss it.
A．covering B．improving C．handling D．canceling
12．The palace is heavily guarded, because inside its walls ________.
A．where sit the European leaders B．the European leaders there sit
C．sit the European leaders D．that the European leaders sit
13．Martin Luther King, Jr. put it that peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek, but a means _____we arrive at that goal.
A．that B．where C．by which D．with which
14．Lily is a good singer. How I wish I ________ as well as her.
A．sing B．will sing
C．had sung D．sang
15．The film Mei Lanfang, Li Ming plays the starring role,has again drawn the world’s attention to our traditional Chinese art.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
16．---Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?
---No, we____ it, but we spent too much time shopping．
A．could have visited B．must have visited
C．can't have visited D．shouldn't have visited
17．The inner thoughts of the two young persons are revealed in the book, ______ both of them fail to express.
A．where B．when
C．who D．which
18．Lifting off at sunrise, the hot air balloon goes wherever the wind blow.
A．may B．must C．need D．should
19．As a teacher, you have to _____ your method to suit the needs of slower children.
A．display B．test
C．adjust D．transfer
20．It came as a great ________ to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound.
A．relief B．sense
C．relaxion D．favor
第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
21．（6分） A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the “Nobel Prize” of conservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction.
Professor Carl Jones won the 2016 Indianapolis Prize --- the highest accolade in the field of animal conservation --- for his 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he saved an endangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk.
When the 61-year-old first travelled to the east African island in the 1970s, he was told to close down a project to save the Mauritius kestrel. At the time there were just four left in the wild, making it the rarest bird on Earth. However, he stayed, using the techniques of captive breeding (人工繁殖), which involved snatching eggs from the birds’ nests and hatching（孵化）them under incubators, prompting the mothers to lay another set of eggs in the wild.
A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild. The biologist has also been necessary in efforts to bring other rare species back from the edge of extinction, including the pink pigeon, echo parakeet and Rodrigues warbler.
Prof Jones was awarded the $250,000 (£172,000) prize at a ceremony in London.
“As a young man in my 20s, I certainly didn’t enjoy the stress and the tension of the criticism I received,” reflecting on the start of his career, he said the Maurutius kestrel project had been seen as a “dead loss” at the time. In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques, with critics arguing that they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild.
Prof Jones has devoted his whole life to his work, only becoming a father for the first time eight years ago, at 53. He said receiving the prize was particularly important to him, because it proved that his work to save birds was right.
1、What does the underlined word “accolade” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．return B．level
C．honor D．research
2、According to the passage, Great Auk is ________.
A．an endangered bird B．an extinct bird
C．a popular bird D．a fierce bird
3、What can we know from the figures in Paragraph 4?
A．Taking eggs from the nests has worked well.
B．The wild environment for kestrel has changed a lot.
C．Kestrel has adapted to the life in the wild.
D．It’s difficult to protect kestrel.
4、Prof Jones’ idea of taking eggs from the birds’ nests ________.
A．was proved of no use B．was widely accepted
C．was promoted officially D．was criticized by some people
22．（8分） Kids Connect is a camp specifically for children with physical and mild intelligence disabilities aged 9-16 (Single consideration given to those over the age of 16). It is held in Blockhouse Bay, Auckland. Occasionally we require meeting a child before camp to ensure we are able to meet their needs during the camp. Acceptance is not automatic, but at the decision of the camp director.
Our camps are conducted by experienced staff. We take every effort to give your children a safe and enjoyable weekend. Our aim is that every child comes away with lasting memories of what they have experienced, explored and enjoyed at our camp.
We focus on building strong, healthy relationships with other children (with and without physical disabilities) and with group leaders.
We have a weekend packed full of activities, action and fun.
● Team games and competitions, songs
● Cross-country race on a wheelchair accessible track
● Motorcycling
● Process design
● Discussions, great food and loads of fun!
The camp fee is approximately $135 (subject to change). We also accept payment by way of Ministry of Health carer support forms.
Day visits and rates can be organized on a personal basis if a full weekend stay is unsuitable.
For a registration form or for more information, please email info@ cbm. org. nz or phone 09 6305271
Kids Connect
Box 8774, Symonds Street Auckland 1150
Website: www. cbm. org. nz
1、Who is the text mainly written for?
A．Outdoor enthusiasts. B．International travelers.
C．Teenagers. D．Parents.
2、What can children do at the camp?
A．Learn to cook. B．Enjoy outdoor activities.
C．Practice favorite hobbies. D．Carry out research activities.
3、What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To attract children to the camp. B．To explain the aim of the camp.
C．To talk about camping experiences. D．To describe the programs of the camp
23．（8分） If humans pump enough carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, the stratocumulus clouds(层积云 ) could disappear, and the earth's temperature could climb sharply to heights not predicted in current climate models. It would burn the planet. That's the conclusion of a paper published in the journal Nature Geoscience and described in detail by Natalie Wolchover for Quanta Magazine.
As Wolchover explained, clouds have long been one of the great uncertainties of climate models. Computer models that easily capture the complexity and detail of most climate systems just aren't powerful enough to predict worldwide changes in cloud behavior. But clouds are important. They reflect sunlight away from the earth's surface. And stratocumulus clouds are those white blankets you might have seen as you looked out the window of arm airplane, rolling out below you and hiding the ground Researchers suspect that certain sudden, past jumps in temperature may have been caused by changes to clouds like these.
For the new research, scientists modeled just a small patch of sky using a supercomputer. They found that if carbon dioxide levels reach about 1, 200 parts per million(ppm) in the atmosphere, stratocumulus clouds break up. That's a very high carbon dioxide concentration. Right now, levels have climbed past 410 ppm--a dangerous change from 280 ppm before the Industrial Revolution.
But humans put more and more CO2 into the atmosphere every year. If current trends continue, the earth could reach 1, 200 ppm within 100 to 150 years. This could happen if our society doesn't follow through on any of its commitments to reduce emissions(排放), Wolchover reported. And even if it does, the result would be another 8 degrees Celsius of heat added to the global average, on top of the dangerous changes already underway due to greenhouse gases.
That’s an enormous change, and it goes beyond predictions of worldwide ice melt and catastrophic sea level rise. And, once the stratocumulus clouds are gone, Wolchover reported, they likely wouldn't reappear until atmospheric carbon dioxide levels dropped below where they are currently.
There's still some uncertainty in the data. The 1, 200 ppm figure could change as scientists look into the issue further.
1、What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A．Most climate systems are not complex.
B．Cloud behavior is uncertain and hard to predict.
C．Temperature changes affect the stratocumulus clouds.
D．The stratocumulus clouds protect planes from sunlight.
2、How did the scientists study clouds in the new research?
A．By measuring the sea level.
B．By experimenting in a natural state.
C．By comparing climate models.
D．By computer modeling and analyzing.
3、What does "it" refer to in paragraph 4?
A．The atmosphere.
B．The earth.
C．Our society.
D．The result.
4、Which of the following statements would Wolchover most probably agree with?
A．The effects of CO2 emissions have been fully assessed.
B．The stratocumulus clouds won't return if they are gone.
C．The breakup of stratocumulus clouds could result in catastrophes.
D．Once CO2 level reaches 1, 200 ppm, stratocumulus clouds will go extinct.
24．（8分） Fifty years ago I had a young family of three boys. My husband Johnny and I left them with a friend while we made a rare trip to the cinema in Liverpool.
It was dark and pouring with rain but with the headlights shining on the road, we saw something ahead of us. Johnny pulled to a stop and I jumped out, ran to the grass edge and grabbed a small, wet, and frightened creature. I wrapped it safely in my woollen hat and insisted that my husband turn back and head for home. We thought it was a baby rabbit because it had long ears and was grayish-brown in colour. Once home, we filled a box with torn-up newspaper and a warm towel. We named our new animal Bobsy as we had no idea of its sex.
Sadly though, on the third day with us, it caught its back foot in a door and we quickly realised it was broken. We rushed to the vet(兽医), who said, “It’s only a rabbit, I’ll put it to sleep.” Our response was a very determined, “No way !”We found anther vet and told that she was a baby hare. We were told we should continue to keep her in her box for a week and her foot would heal.
After her recovery, Bobsy learnt to use the kitty litter tray. She would comb her long ears with her front paws. The local paper heard about this and came to our house to take her photo and write a story about her. We had her for seven wonderful years before we moved to New Zealand and we will never forget her.
1、Why did Johnny stop his car suddenly?
A．He came across a friend.
B．The headlights went out.
C．His car broke down on the road.
D．He noticed something in front of him.
2、What happened to the little animal on its third day?
A．It slept on a door.
B．It was stuck in a door.
C．Its foot got seriously injured.
D．It fell off from the top of a door.
3、Which best decribes the family’s attitude towards the rabbit?
A．Considerate. B．Cruel. C．Hopeless. D．Indifferent.
4、What is the passage mainly intended to do?
A．To tell the importance of protecting small animals.
B．To remember unusual experiences with a small rabbit.
C．To persuade people to give generously and receive thankfully.
D．To make the rabbit widely known to local people by paper.
25．（10分） Parents tend to favour children of one sex in certain situations — or so evolutionary biologists tell us. A new study used colored backpack sales data to show that parental wealth may influence spending on sons different from daughters.
In 1973 biologist Robert Trivers and computer scientist Dan Willard published a paper suggesting that parents invest(投入)more resources, such as food and effort, in male children when times are good, and in female children when times are bad. According to the Trivers-Willard hypothesis(假说), a son given lots of resources can become a gentleman — but parents with few resources tend to invest them in daughters, who generally find it easier to be a fair maiden.
Studying parental investment after birth is difficult, however. The new study looked for a standard of measurement of such investment that met several criteria: it shouldn’t be affected by sex differences in the need for resources; it should measure investment rather than outcomes; and it should be objective.
Study author Shige Song, a sociologist at Queens College, City University of New York, examined spending on pink and blue backpacks purchased in China in 2015 from a large retailer, JD．com. He narrowed the data to about 5, 000 bags: blue backpacks bought by families known to have at least one boy and pink ones bought by families known to have at least one girl. The results showed that wealthier families spent more on blue than pink backpacks — suggesting greater investment in sons. Poorer families spent more on pink packs than blue ones. The findings were published in Evolution and Human Behavior.
Song’s evidence for the Trivers-Willard hypothesis is “indirect” but “pretty convincing,” says Rosemary Hopcroft, a sociologist at the. University of North Carolina at Charlotte, who was not connected with the new study. Hopcroft reported in 2016 that U. S. fathers with high-status occupations were more likely to send their sons to priv
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