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人教版高考英语全部重要知识点
1
单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)
1、I need three helpers, _____ must have some knowledge of computer programming.
A.all of themB.all of whichC.both of whomD.all of whom
答案:D
解析:
考查介词+关系代词。句意:我需要三个助手,他们都必须有一定的计算机编程知识。分析结构可知,本句为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,根据“ three helpers”可知,表示第三者都用all of,helpers为先行词,表示人,作of的宾语,关系代词为whom。故选D项。
小提示:
2、--- It seems very likely that we will have to ________ a cold meal after all.
--- Oh, No! I’m sorry to hear that.
A.come acrossB.refer toC.figure outD.settle for
答案:D
解析:
考查动词词义辨析。句意:——看来很有可能我们只能将就吃一顿冷饭了。——哦,不!听到这个消息我很难过。A.come across偶遇;B. refer to指的是;C. figure out 弄明白;D.settle for勉强接受,将就。根据“ Oh, No! I’m sorry to hear that.”可知,看来很有可能我们只能将就吃一顿冷饭了。故选D项。
小提示:
3、Natural resources are being __________ by a growing number of heavy industries as well as the growing population.
A.assumedB.consumedC.resumedD.presumed
答案:B
解析:
考查动词词义辨析。句意:越来越多的重工业和不断增长的人口正在消耗自然资源。A. assumed假设;B. consumed消耗;C. resumed重新开始;D. presumed设定。根据主语Natural resources可知,consumed“消耗”符合句意。故选B。
小提示:
4、Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit ________image they want to give.
A.howeverB.whoseC.whateverD.what
答案:C
解析:
考查宾语从句。句意:互联网用户可以精心设计自己的文字,以符合他们想要呈现的任何形象。A.however无论如何;B.whose谁的;C.whatever无论什么;D.what什么。空处引导宾语从句,修饰名词image,作定语,应用whatever。故选C。
5、As a freshman, Adam feels a bit worried about __________other students in his advanced course.
A.coming up withB.putting up withC.keeping up withD.ending up with
答案:C
解析:
考查动词短语搭配。句意:作为一名新生,亚当有点担心在他的高级课程上跟不上其他学生。A. coming up with想出;B. putting up with忍受;C. keeping up with跟上,赶上;D. ending up with以……而结束。分析句子语境可知,空处应用keeping up with,表示“跟上,赶上”。故选C项。
6、It is always difficult to stay in a foreign country, ________ if you don’t know the culture of the country.
A.extremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially
答案:D
解析:
考查副词词义辨析。句意:呆在国外总是很困难的,尤其是如果你不了解这个国家的文化。A. extremely非常,极其;B. naturally自然地;C. basically基本上;D. especially尤其。根据“ if you don’t know the culture of the country.”可知,此处强调不了解这个国家的文化这种特殊情况,especially符合题意。故选D。
7、The number of inhabitants has ______ as a consequence of the increasing vegetation.
A.collapsedB.decreasedC.explodedD.perished
答案:C
解析:
考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于植被的增加,栖息的动物的数量激增。A. collapsed崩塌;B. decreased下降;C. exploded爆炸,激增;D. perished灭亡,惨死。根据常识和“the increasing vegetation”植被增加了,栖息在此的动物数量会大量增加。故选C。
小提示:
8、It is ________ taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.
A.worthB.worthwhileC.worthyD.worthily
答案:B
解析:
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:花功夫给新员工充分解释这个工作是值的的。A. worth值得......;价值......;B. worthwhile值得花费金钱/时间做的;C. worthy值得;配得上;D. worthily正当地。worth只作表语,多接名词、代词、或动名词的主动态;worthy表示“值得、相称或配得上”时,作表语,接不定式被动语态,或of加名词、动名词被动态;表示“可敬的”时,作定语用;worthwhile,既可以做表语又可以作定语,常构成短语be worthwhile doing/be worthwhile to do,故选B项。
9、Daylight saving time begins at 2: 00 a. m. local time on the second Sunday in March, ________clocks spring forward an hour, typically ________observers to lose an hour of sleep.
A.which, causedB.when, causingC.which, causingD.when, caused
答案:B
解析:
考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意:夏令时从当地时间3月第二个星期天凌晨2点开始,这时时钟会向前拨一小时,通常会导致遵守者少睡一小时。分析句子结构可知,“clocks spring forward an hour”是定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词“2: 00 a. m. local time on the second Sunday in March”是时间,因此第一空用关系副词when引导定语从句;句中谓语是begins,第二空用非谓语动词,根据句意可知,cause和前面所描述的“clocks spring forward an hour”之间是主谓关系,因此第二空用现在分词causing表主动,故选B。
10、—I’ll come to see your performance at 9:00 tomorrow evening.
—I’m sorry, but by then my performance will have ended and I ________ reporters in the meeting room.
A.will meetB.will be meetingC.am going to meetD.will have met
答案:B
解析:
考查动词时态。句意:——我明天晚上9点来看你的演出。——很抱歉,但那时我的演出已经结束,我将在会议室会见记者。由句子中的时间状语“at 9:00 tomorrow evening”和“by then”可知,应使用将来进行时。故选B。
11、Garcia was gaining on her opponent throughout the race, but only _________her at the very end.
A.overlookedB.overcameC.overflewD.overtook
答案:D
解析:
考查动词词义辨析。句意:Garcia在整个比赛中逐渐逼近她的对手,但直到最后才超过她。A. overlooked忽略,俯瞰;B. overcame克服;C. overflew飞跃;D. overtook赶上,超过。根据前文“Garcia was gaining on her opponent throughout the race”等句意可知,直到最后她才超过对手。故选D项。
12、—Don’t worry, Dad. The doctor said it was only the flu.
— ! I will tell your mum there is nothing serious.
A.What a reliefB.CongratulationsC.How surprisingD.I don’t care
答案:A
解析:
考查情景交际。句意:——不要担心,爸爸。医生说这只是一个感冒。——真让人轻松!我会告诉你妈妈没有什么大不了的。A. What a relief真让人轻松;B. Congratulations恭喜你!C. How surprising真让人惊讶;D. I don’t care我不在乎。最后被证实只是一个感冒,爸爸松了一口气,What a relief符合句意。故选A。
13、Poland is somewhat a new destination for Chinese tourists, and Warsaw, the capital city, is an important business center with _____ night life and elegant dining.
A.sophisticatedB.controversialC.homogeneousD.solitary
答案:A
解析:
考查形容词辨析。句意:波兰在某种程度上是中国游客的一个新目的地,首都华沙是一个重要的商业中心,拥有精致的夜生活和优雅的餐饮。A.sophisticated复杂的、精致的;B.controversial有争议的;C.homogeneous同质的;D.solitary独自的。根据句意和选项可知,此空应和and后的 elegant 对应,所以A选项更切题。故选A项。
14、He was about to finish his homework ________ the lamp didn’t work.
A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.before
答案:A
解析:
考查固定句型。句意:他正要完成家庭作业,这时灯不亮了。固定句型be about to do...when...“正要……这时突然……”,此处when相当于and at this time。故选A。
小提示:
15、________ a full discussion of the problem, the committee spent a whole hour exchanging their ideas at the meeting.
A.HaveB.HavingC.HadD.To have
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了充分讨论这个问题,委员会在会上花了整整一个小时交换意见。分析句子结构可知,have在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处作目的状语,应用不定式。故选D。
16、—Excuse me, is it my turn to enter the doctor's office now?
—Not yet. Please wait here until your name_________.
A.callsB.will be calledC.is calledD.is calling
答案:C
解析:
考查被动语态。句意:——打扰一下,现在轮到我进医生办公室了吗?——还没有。请在这里等,直到你的名字被叫到。根据句型分析可知,此空应填从句的谓语结构形式,且your name 和call关系为被动关系,再结合语意,本句是用until引导的时间状语从句,从句中应用一般现在时表将来。故选C项。
17、—Are you going to the museum, Alice?
— No, I ________ to it already.
A.have beenB.have goneC.had beenD.had gone
答案:A
解析:
考查时态。句意:——爱丽丝,你要去博物馆吗?——不,我已经去过了。A.have been 已经去过了(现在完成时态); B.have gone 已经去了还没回来(现在完成时态) ;C. had been 已经去过了(过去完成时态);D. had gone已经去了还没回来(过去完成时态)。根据句中的already可知,句子用现在完成时态,而根据句意可知,我已经去过了博物馆,表示去了已经回来了。故选A。
18、The fashion designer _________her achievements to the goal she set, the education she received from the college , and al the efforts she made.
A.attachesB.comparesC.devotesD.owes
答案:D
解析:
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这位时装设计师将她的成就归功于她设定的目标,她在大学接受的教育,以及她所付出的所有努力。A.attaches吸引;B.compares比较;C.devotes奉献;D.owes归功于。owe...to...为固定搭配,意为“将……归功于……”,符合句意,故选D。
19、Mangroves ______ the habitats for various birds and fish. Which of the following is NOT correct?
A.serve asB.regard asC.work asD.act as
答案:B
解析:
考查动词短语辨析。句意:红树林是各种鸟类和鱼类的栖息地。以下哪项是不正确的?A. serve as充当;B. regard as视为;C. work as充当;D. act as充当。结合语意,红树林可以充当各种鸟类和鱼类的栖息地,regard as表示“视为”,与主语Mangroves之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,所以regard as是不正确的。故选B项。
20、Her career of a supermodel started ______ --- an agent saw her in a cafe and persuaded her to become a model.
A.once in a whileB.by accidentC.in the endD.more or less
答案:B
解析:
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:她的超模生涯是偶然开始的——一个经纪人在咖啡馆看到她,并说服她成为一名模特。A. once in a while偶尔;B. by accident偶然;C. in the end最后;D. more or less或多或少。根据“an agent saw her in a cafe and persuaded her to become a model.”可知,她的超模生涯是偶然开始的。故选B。
21、When ________which activity would be the most difficult to give up for a week, 48% said listening to music.
A.askedB.askingC.being askedD.having asked
答案:A
解析:
考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问及哪项活动在一周内最难放弃时,48%的人说听音乐。分析可知,本句为状语从句的省略。还原后为:48% was asked,省略了48% was 。故选A。
22、His warning was ________ timely ________ help us avoid being cheated.
A.such; as toB.so; as toC.such; thatD.so; that
答案:B
解析:
考查固定搭配。句意:他的警告非常及时,帮助我们避免了受骗。四个选项都表示“如此……以至于”,后面所跟成分不同,such后接名词,so后接形容词或副词,as to后接动词原形,that后接从句。根据句中timely为形容词,help为动词原形可知,本题需用固定搭配so...as to。故选B。
小提示:
23、The athlete’s years of hard training ________ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
A.went onB.ended upC.got throughD.paid off
答案:D
解析:
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:当她最终赢得了奥运会金牌时,这位运动员多年的艰苦训练终于获得了回报。A. went on继续(做);B. ended up最终,结果;C. got through(设法)处理,完成;D. paid off得到回报,得到好结果。根据句意可知,这位运动员最终赢得了奥运会金牌,由此可知,她多年的艰苦训练获得了回报,“paid off”意为“得到回报,得到好结果”,符合句意。故选D项。
24、—Darling, the airplane is going to take off. I have to go.
—______. I will miss you so much.
A.Take careB.Hurry upC.Forget itD.Never mind
答案:A
解析:
考查情景交际。句意:——亲爱的,飞机马上起飞,我得走了。——保重,我会非常想你的。A. Take care保重,珍重(用于向家人或朋友道别);B. Hurry up快点;C. Forget it算了吧;D. Never mind没关系。根据语境可知,此处是在道别,用take care符合。故选A。
小提示:
25、I prefer to read rather than ________ games on the Internet.
A.to playB.playingC.playedD.play
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:比起在网上打游戏,我宁愿看书。根据句意可知,此处意为“宁愿做......而不愿做......”,表达为prefer to do...rather than do...,故此处应填play,故选D。
小提示:
根据首字母填写单词(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)
26、Columbus Day is in memory of the a_____________ of Christopher Columbus in America.
答案:arrival##rrival
解析:
考查名词。句意:哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗哥伦布到达美洲。冠词后用名词,arrive名词是arrival,the arrival作介词of的宾语,故填arrival。
27、Qi Baushi o_________ nature so carefully that the little shrimps in his painting just came to life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:observed##bserved
解析:
考查动词。句意:齐白石对自然的观察是如此的细致,以至于他画中的小虾都活过来了。根据单词首字母以及句意“观察”可知应填动词observe,结合后文came可知为一般过去时。故填observed。
28、In a___________ to the amazing martial arts, the film also took advantage of China’s beautiful mountains, forests and deserts. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:addition##ddition
解析:
考查名词。句意:除了令人惊叹的武术外,这部电影还利用了中国美丽的山脉、森林和沙漠。结合句意和首字母提示,可知名词addition符合题意,in addition to固定表达,意为“除……之外(还)”。故填addition。
29、There was widespread c________ of the government’s handling of the disaster.(根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:criticism##riticism
解析:
考查名词。句意:政府对灾难的处理方式遭到了普遍的批评。根据单词首字母以及句意“批评”可知应填名词criticism,作主语。故填criticism。
30、My dear son, please accept my sincere c________ on your graduation from university. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:congratulations##ongratulations
解析:
考查名词。句意:我亲爱的儿子,请接受我对你大学毕业的衷心祝贺。根据sincere及on your graduation from university和首字母c可知,空处的单词为“祝贺”congratulation,常用复数形式,放在accept的后面作宾语。故填congratulations。
31、Some people find it difficult to m________ this skill. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:master##aster
解析:
考查动词。句意:有些人觉得很难掌握这项技能。根据首字母和句意可知,空处表示“掌握”应用动词master,find it+形容词+to do是固定句型,表示“发现做……是……”,所以此处应用动词原形。故填master。
32、He prefers q______ to quality when food is concerned.
答案:quantity##uantity
解析:
考查名词。句意:谈到食物,他更喜欢数量而不是质量。prefer sth. to sth.意为“比起某物更喜欢某物”,空格处用名词,由“when food is concerned”可知,句子表示“谈到食物,他更喜欢数量而不是质量”,空格处意为“数量”,由首字母提示q可知,是quantity,此处指相对于质量而言的数量,是不可数名词,故填quantity。
33、As a c________of the heavy rain he was late for work. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:consequence##onsequence
解析:
考查名词和固定短语。句意:由于下大雨,他上班迟到了。由“he was late for work”可知,他上班迟到是因为下大雨,由首字母提示c可知,空格处是固定短语as a consequence of,意为“由于”,因此空格处是consequence,故填consequence。
34、When people g________ from college, it is time for them to fly the nest. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:graduate##raduate
解析:
考查动词。句意:当人们大学毕业时,就是他们搬出父母家的时候了。空处是从句的谓语动词,结合句意及首字母提示可知,graduate毕业,从句是一般现在时,主语people表示复数意义,故空处用动词原形,故填graduate。
35、He is said to p________ a fortune of more than two-and-a-half-thousand million dollars. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:possess##ossess
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:据说他拥有的财富超过25亿美元。根据单词首字母以及句意“拥有”可知,该空单词为possess;再根据前面的短语is said to可知,应使用其动词原形。故填possess。
36、Please r______ your profile after you finish the first draft. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:revise##evise
解析:
考查动词。句意:请在完成初稿后修改个人资料。根据首字母提示和句意“修改、修正”可知是动词revise,此处为祈使句的肯定形式,用动词原形,故填revise。
小提示:
37、As winter is a________, the weather is getting colder. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:approaching##pproaching
解析:
考查动词。句意:随着冬天的临近,天气越来越冷。根据句型结构可知,此空应填形容词或填分词结构形式,再根据句意和首字母可知,应填approaching表“来临”。故填approaching。
38、Your sweater is i________ to mine in style.
答案:identical##dentical
解析:
考查形容词。句意:你的毛衣和我的一样。根据单词首字母,句意中“和……一样”以及固定短语“be identical to与……相同”可知,此空填identical。故填identical。
39、I'm still waiting for c_________ of the test results. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:confirmation##onfirmation
解析:
考查名词。句意:我还在等待测试结果的确认。根据单词首字母以及句意“确认”可知应填名词confirmation,作宾语,不可数。故填confirmation。
40、I plan to keep this blog to r________ my experiences and what I learn.(根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:record##ecord
解析:
考查动词。句意:我打算用这个博客来记录我的经历和我学到的东西。根据句意及首字母提示可知,此处使用动词record,空前to是不定式符号,应用动词原形。故填record。
41、The w______ use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture has led to great harm to both the land and the people’s health. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:widespread##idespread
解析:
考查形容词。句意:农业中化肥的广泛的使用对土地和人民的健康都造成了极大的危害。根据句意和首字母,设空处在名词use前,应用形容词widespread,做前置定语。故填widespread。
42、Computers a________ for 5% of the country's commercial electricity consumption. (根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:account##ccount
解析:
考查动词。句意:计算机占该国商业用电的5%。 分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词;根据句意及首字母提示,可知此处考查了动词短语“account for”(占比例);句子主语是“computers”,所以谓语动词用原形。故选account。
43、Your proposal that the price of our goods be reduced is under c________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
答案:consideration##onsideration
解析:
考查名词。句意:我们正在考虑你方关于降低我方商品价格的建议。be under consideration在考虑之中。根据首字母提示及句意,故填consideration。
44、Some scientists p______that the Earth’s temperature will rise by 5°C over the next 20years.
答案:predict##redict
解析:
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一些科学家预测,地球的温度将在未来20年上升5摄氏度。由“the Earth’s temperature will rise by 5°C over the next 20years”可知,这里表示的是未来的一种状态,所以应该是科学家们的预测,空格处意为“预测”,由首字母提示可知,用动词predict,句子描述现在的情况,时态用一般现在时,主语scientists是复数,谓语动词也用复数形式,故填predict。
45、Why do we still sunbathe when we know the dangers of e______ our skin to the sun?
答案:exposing##xposing
解析:
考查动名词。句意:既然我们知道我们的皮肤暴露在太阳下危险,为什么我们还日光浴呢?分析句子可知,介词后面应接动名词作宾语,再根据首字母提示和句意可知填exposing,表示“暴露(expose)”。故填exposing。
书信写作(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)
46、为弘扬中国传统文化,你校学生会将举办一场诗歌朗诵比赛,邀请学校国际部学生参加。请你根据提示写一则通知。内容要点包括:
(1)比赛的目的;
(2)比赛的时间,地点;
(3)朗诵内容:唐诗宋词。
注意:(1)词数不少于100字;
(2)可适当增加细节,使内容充实、行文连贯。
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答案: Notice
Aiming to promote the traditional Chinese culture, the student union is to hold a poetry recitation contest.
There is no doubt that reading poetry helps cultivate the appreciation of ancient literature. As scheduled, the contest is supposed to launch on the second Saturday next month at the school Lecture Hall. Students from the international department are expected to take part. Additionally, it is recommended that you should prepare poems of the Tang and Song dynasties. Not only can the contest cultivate the habit of reading classic works but also it can arouse interest in traditional Chinese literature.
Hopefully, you will benefit a lot and be immersed in the world of fascinating poetry. Your participation will surely make a difference.
解析:
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生写一篇通知,告知学生学生会将举办一场诗歌朗诵比赛,邀请学校国际部学生参加。
(1) 词汇积累
比赛:competition→contest
培养:foster→cultivate
另外:moreover→additionally
当然:certainly→surely
(2) 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:Aiming
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