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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,策划：学生双语报,*,情态动词(一）,modal verb,Grammar(32ms),1,策划：学生双语报,第1页,第1页,情态动词有一定意义，但没有些人称和数改变，不能独立使用，它和后面动词构成谓语,只作情态动词can/could,may/might,ought to，must,可情态可实义need,dare/dared,可情态可助动词shall/should,will/would,相称于情态动词have to,used to,2,策划：学生双语报,第2页,第2页,Must,can/could,may/might 使用办法,must,1.Must 表示推测时，只能用于,必定句。,这个电脑必定出了问题。,There must be something wrong with the computer.,你努力学了一整天，一定累了吧,You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.,注意：Must用于必定句中可表示“偏偏”,。,Naturally,after I told her what to do,my daughter,must,go and do the opposite.,自然地，在我交代女儿做什么之后，她偏偏要做相反事情,3,策划：学生双语报,第3页,第3页,2.,Must+be doing/do,表示对,现在动作,进行必定推测,他现在一定在看小说,He must be reading novels now.,他们买了一辆新车。他们一定很有钱,They have bought a new car.They must have a lot of money.,4,策划：学生双语报,第4页,第4页,3.,Must+have done,表示对,过去发生事情,作出必定判断,他们在玩篮球，他们一定完毕了作业。,They are playing basketball,they,must have finished,their homework.,路是湿。昨天晚上一定下雨了。,The road is wet.It,must have rained,last night.,5,策划：学生双语报,第5页,第5页,can,could 和be able to使用办法,She,can/be able to,sing the song in English.,This machine,can,make you feel comfortable.,1.can,be able to,都可,表示“能力”,Can主语是人或物,be able to主语是人,We,ll be able to,finish the work soon.,I,havent been able to,see the film.,2.can只用于现在时和过去时(could)。beableto能够用于各种时态。,could用于表示泛指过去能力。如：IcouldreadwhenIwasfour.,6,策划：学生双语报,第6页,第6页,Although the soldier was badly wounded,he,was able to,tell what had happened.,3.表示特定某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/wereableto，不能用could。,He,wasableto,fleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.,He,wasableto,swimbeforehegottired.,表示过去能力,7,策划：学生双语报,第7页,第7页,can/could,1.can/could 表示推测时，只能用在,否认句或疑问句中,。,Its so late.Can Tom be reading?,Can it be Mr.Green?,这个人不也许是玛丽，她生病了。,It cant be Mary.She has fallen ill.,她不也许在说谎。,She couldnt be telling lies.,8,策划：学生双语报,第8页,第8页,在疑问句中 Could 比can 更有礼貌，在此不是can过去式。,Can,you wait a moment please?,Liz,can,you do me a favor?,Excuse me,could,you tell me the way to,the station?,I wonder if you,could,help me.(,请求,),9,策划：学生双语报,第9页,第9页,2,.can/could have done,对,过去发生,行为也许性进行推测:,刚刚我还看见他了，因此他不也许出国。,I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.,门是锁着，因此她不也许在家。,The door was locked.,She couldnt have been at home.,10,策划：学生双语报,第10页,第10页,3.,can/could have done,“,本能够，本来也许已经,”用于,必定句,中，表示对,过去发生事情,做出判断，,你本来能够考更加好。,You could have had a better mark.,may/might,1.May/might表示推测时，只能用于陈说句，表示对现在或未来要发生动作把握不大。,她们明天也许会到这里来。,They may come here tomorrow.,11,策划：学生双语报,第11页,第11页,他们也许还在等我们呢。,They may be still waiting for us.,2.,might,可用于,指过去行为或者表示也许性更小,。,他也许在作功课吧。,He might be doing his homework now.,我问他我是否能够离开。,I asked him if I might leave.,I asked him“May I leave now?”,12,策划：学生双语报,第12页,第12页,3.,might/may have done,表示对,过去发生动作,进行也许性推测，,他也许去医务室了。,He may have gone to the clinic.,他也许已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。,He might have read about the news in the newspaper.,13,策划：学生双语报,第13页,第13页,4）May 表示许可，表示允许别人做某事，也可征求对方许可。,May,I open the door?,We,may,keep the book for two weeks.,5）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。,May,you succeed!,May,you have a nice trip!,14,策划：学生双语报,第14页,第14页,Will/Would,you,do?(表请求would 更委婉),表意志，愿望，决心,would表过去重复发生得动作或某种倾向,“总是,总要”,used to表过去经常（现在已没有这种习惯）,“过去经常”,used to 可于状态动词连用would不能够,eg.He used to be a quiet boy.(),He would be a quiet boy.(),will/would,15,策划：学生双语报,第15页,第15页,Shall/should,1.shall 用于第二、三人称陈说句中，表示说话人给对方命令，警告，允诺或威胁。,1)You shall go with me.(命令),2)You shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺),3)He shall be punished.(威胁),2.shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方意见和向对方请示。,4)Shall we begin our class?（征求意见）,5)When shall Mike be able to leave hospital?(请示),3.,用于公约，要求，规章等文献中，表示一个义务，多用于第三人称中。,6)“The interest _be divided into five parts,according to the agreement made by both sides.”declared the judge.,A.may B.should C.must D.shall,16,策划：学生双语报,第16页,第16页,a.should 用于表示合理推断。,It is three oclock,the football game,should,begin now.,Mary took dancing lessons for,years,she,should,be an excellent dancer.,2.,should,使用办法,注意：should可表示“居然，居然”。,I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old.,我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。,17,策划：学生双语报,第17页,第17页,Young people,should,learn how to use computers.Every citizen,ought to,obey law.You,ought not to,go.,3.should常表示劝说、提议、命令，与ought to意义相近，但ought to多表示责任、义务，语调强烈。在疑问句中通惯用should代替ought to。,18,策划：学生双语报,第18页,第18页,You,should/ought to have told,her the truth earlier.,She,shouldnt have left,without saying a word.,4.should/ought to have done表示责怪或批评,意为“本应当做到但没有做到”,用于否认则表示“本不该但”ought to语调更强烈.,19,策划：学生双语报,第19页,第19页,must,和haveto,1.Must用于普通问句中,必定回答用must否认式用neednt或dont have to，做“不必”,mustnt表示“严禁，不允许”,Must,Ifinishallassignmentsatatime?,Yes,you,must,.,No,you,neednt,.,You,mustnt,getdownwhilethecarisstill moving.,20,策划：学生双语报,第20页,第20页,I dont like this TV set.We,must,buy a new one.There was no more bus.They,had to,walk home.,2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must和haveto稍有区别。must着重阐明主观见解，haveto强调客观需要。另外，haveto能用于更多时态。,21,策划：学生双语报,第21页,第21页,need/dare,a.need 表需要和必须惯用于否认句和疑问句,neednt have done“本不必做”,b.dare 表敢,惯用于否认句,疑问句和条件句中。,c.dare与need 用做实意动词时有时态，人称和数改变,但dare用于否认句和疑问句时常接不带to不定式,need后要接带to不定式。,22,策划：学生双语报,第22页,第22页,Complete the following sentences with proper modal verbs.,1)Youve been working all day.You _ be very tired.,2)(The door bell rings)I wonder who that is,it_ be Lisa.Shes still in the library at this time.,3)It is a long time since we met last time.You _ come and see us more often.,4)I havent decided where Im going for my holidays.I _ go to Australia.,5)My fathers birthday is coming.What _ I get him?,6)Why dont you try on this dress?It_ look nice on you.,7)“Who was the man talking with your teacher?”“Im not sure.It _ be her brother.,8)I dont know when the guests _ be here.They _ arrive at any time.,must,cant,should,may,shall,will,might,will,could,23,策划：学生双语报,第23页,第23页,1.I dont know where she is,she _ be in,Wuhan.,2.At this moment,our teacher _,our exam papers.,这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。,3.The road is wet.It _ last night.,(rain),4.Your mother _ for you.,你妈妈一定始终在找你。,may,must be marking,must have rained,must have been looking,24,策划：学生双语报,第24页,第24页,5.Philip _ seriously in,the car accident.菲利普也许在车祸中受了重伤.,6.-Linda has gone to work,but her bicycle is,still here.,-She _(go)by bus.,7.Mike _ his car,for he came to,work by bus this morning.,迈克一定还没有找回他车，由于早上他是坐,公共汽车来上班。,may(might)have been hurt,may(might)have gone,cant have found,25,策划：学生双语报,第25页,第25页,Practice 2:表示推测情态动词主要使用办法.,1.You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect,you here.,2.He must have known what we wanted.,3.We may have read the same report.,4.He cant have slept through all that noise.,5.Theres someone outside-who can it be?,6.What can they be doing?,7.These pills might help to cure your disease.,8.You could be right,I suppose.,26,策划：学生双语报,第26页,第26页,Take a break,27,策划：学生双语报,第27页,第27页,情态动词（二）,modal verb,Grammar(33ms),28,策划：学生双语报,第28页,第28页,should&ought to,Should&ought to含义相近，都可表“责任，义务”常可互换。区别在于，ought to常指特殊情况下“应当”。Should则指普通情况。见下页例句。,Should 可指“居然”讲,You ought to help him because he is in trouble now.(语调强，有命令意味。),You should have a rest after finishing your sports.（普通性提议）,You ought to call the police when you find something wrong in your house.,He should take care of the babies tonight.,29,策划：学生双语报,第29页,第29页,ought to 否认式：,He oughtnt to do it.,ought to 疑问句：,Ought we to do it at once?,反意疑问句里：,He ought to be here,oughtnt he,?或,ought to 表应当，ought to 语调should,shouldnt he,?,I m surprised that he,should,eat so little every.,30,策划：学生双语报,第30页,第30页,have to,have to 表示,客观需要,去做事情，意为“必须，不得不。”,I have to get the station early to catch the first train.,We missed the bus so we had to walk home.,We have to overcome all kinds of difficulties.,31,策划：学生双语报,第31页,第31页,Have to 有各种时态。常见有：,普通未来时,，,We,will have to,gather at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.,普通现在时,I,have to,take more money with me because my wife has so much to buy.,普通过去时,Finally,we,had to,give up our idea to hold a picnic outside as it rained for a whole afternoon.,have to（考点）,32,策划：学生双语报,第32页,第32页,shall用于第一，三人称疑问句，,征求意见或请求,shall 第二，三人称,陈说句,命令,警告,允诺,威胁,shall,should&ought to,33,策划：学生双语报,第33页,第33页,Need I do?Yes,you,must,.,No,you,neednt,.,dare&need,情态动词,实义动词,dare,否，疑，条,dare not do,否,疑dont dare to do dont dare do,不用于必定句,肯：dare to do,need,否，疑,neednt do,(dont)need sth,(dont)need to do,肯：must,have to,ought to,should,34,策划：学生双语报,第34页,第34页,Must they do?Yes,they,must,.,No,they,neednt/dont have to.,must&have to,must,have to,主观客观,主观,客观,时态,现在，未来,各种,表推测,问询意愿,否认意,严禁，不允许,不必,35,策划：学生双语报,第35页,第35页,must表主观意志，而have to表由于客观原因不得不做完毕事情。,Must没有过去式，除在间接引语中可表示过去时间。在直接引语中表示过去时间用had to代替。,I told her that she,must,give up smoking.,She said,“We,had to,get everything ready that night.”,比较must&have to,36,策划：学生双语报,第36页,第36页,注意对need问句回答:,-,Need,I finish the work today?,-Yes,_.,No,_.,No,_.,you must,you neednt,you dont have to,37,策划：学生双语报,第37页,第37页,neednt 对其它情态动词回答:,-Shall I tell John about it?,-No,you _.,-Must we do it now?,-No,you _.,neednt,(dont have to),neednt,(dont have to),38,策划：学生双语报,第38页,第38页,Could I borrow your dictionary?(委婉),-Yes，you can/may.,Sure.Go ahead.,Please yourself.,May I take this seat?(第一人称疑问句),Yes,you may.No,you mustnt.,39,策划：学生双语报,第39页,第39页,Practice 1:高考考题专练,1.I thought you _like something to read,so,I have brought you some books.,A.may B.might C.would D.must,2.Where is my pen?I _it.,A.might lose B.would have lost,C.should have lost D.must have lost,3.I didnt hear the phone.I _asleep,A.must be B.must have been,C.should be D.should have been,B,D,B,40,策划：学生双语报,第40页,第40页,4.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.,-It _a comfortable journey,A.cant be B.shouldnt be,C.mustnt have been D.couldnt have been,5.Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _be here at,any moment.,A.must B.need C.should D.could,D,C,41,策划：学生双语报,第41页,第41页,情态动词考题:,1.,-Did the train arrive in time?,-No.It _ two hours ago.,A.must have arrived B.ought to have arrived,C.must arrive D.ought to arrive,2.Must I drive to his house and pick up the,children?,No,.,A.you shouldnt,B.you might not,C.you neednt,D.you mustnt,B,C,42,策划：学生双语报,第42页,第42页,3.We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday.,He,it.,A.mustnt have attended,B.cannot have attended,C.neednt have attended,D.would have not attended,B,43,策划：学生双语报,第43页,第43页,4.,You _ such a long composition.The teacher only asked for 300 words.You have written 600.,A.mustnt have written B.couldnt have written,C.neednt have written D.do not have to write,C,44,策划：学生双语报,第44页,第44页,5.There is someone knocking at the door.,it be Tom?,A.can B.must C.should D.ought to,6.Two year,s ago,my husband bought me a bicycle.,If you live in town,it is often faster than a car,and you,worry about parking.,A.must notB.may not,C.should notD.dont have to,A,D,45,策划：学生双语报,第45页,第45页,He must be reading,isnt,he?,You must do it yourself,dont,you?,He must have gone over the article,hasnt he?,It must have rained last night,didnt it?,表猜想语调反意疑问句构成,46,策划：学生双语报,第46页,第46页,1.Judging from his accident,he,must be,from the south,2.Tom bought a lot of apples.He,must like,eating apples,3.It is eleven oclock at night and the lights are off.They,must be sleeping,now,isnt,he?,didnt he?,arent they?,因must后是实意动词like,因must后是系动词 be,must后接是be sleeping，是对正在进行情况推测,47,策划：学生双语报,第47页,第47页,1.We must have learned 2,000 words,by the end of last term,hadnt we?,3.He must have gone to Beijing,didnt it?,hasnt he?,若句中含有过去完毕时时间状语，用过去完毕时完毕反意疑问句,若句中含有过去时间状语，用普通过去时完毕反意疑问句,若句中不含任何时间状语，用现在完毕时完毕反意疑问句,2.It must have rained,last night,for the road was very muddy，,48,策划：学生双语报,第48页,第48页,Must+have done 表示对过去已经发生行为进行推测，意为“想必/准是/一定作了某事”。,1.It must have rained last night,for the road was very muddy.,昨晚 一定是下雨了，由于地上很泥泞。,2.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term.,到上学期为止我们一定学了有两千个单词 。,3.He must have gone to Beijing.,他一定已经去北京了。,49,策划：学生双语报,第49页,第49页,can/could+have done表示对过去行为怀疑和不愿定，通常用在否认句和疑问句中。,1.Can they have won the basketball match?,他们也许赢了篮球赛吗？,2.It couldnt have been Mr.Green.He has gone to New York.,那不也许是格林先生，他已经去北京了。,50,策划：学生双语报,第50页,第50页,may/might+have done表示对过去已发生行为推测，意为“也许/或许已经”。一般只用于肯定句和否认句中，不用与疑问句。might比may更委婉、含蓄和不愿定。,1.Its too late.I think he may have gone to bed.,太晚了，我想他也许已经睡觉了。,2.He may/might not have finished the work.,他也许没有完毕工作。,51,策划：学生双语报,第51页,第51页,巩 固 练 习,1.-What _ it be?,-It _ be a mail box,for it is moving.It _ be a car.,A.can;cant;must B.can;can;must,C.can;mustnt;must D.must;mustnt can,2.-Isnt that Anns husband over there?,-No.it _ be him-Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.,A.cant B.must not C.wont D,may not,3.-When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.,-They _ be ready by 12:00.,A.can B.should C.might D.need,4.-are you coming to Jeffs party?,-Im not sure.I _ go to the concert instead.,A.must B.would C.should D.might,A,A,B,D,52,策划：学生双语报,第52页,第52页,5.-You may laugh,but Ive been thinking of becoming a vegetarian.,-Oh,you _ be out of your mind.You will be hungry all the time.,A.will B.may C.must D.should,6.-I wonder why they are late?,-They _ the train.,cant have missed B.could miss,C.must have missed D.might miss,7.-Show me your permit,please!,-Oh,its not in my pocket.It _.,A.might fall out B.could fall out,C.should have fallen out D.must have fallen out,C,C,D,53,策划：学生双语报,第53页,第53页,7.-Has Mike started?He said he would join in the party.,-He _.He is a man of keeping his word.,A.could have left B.must have left,C.cant come D.wont be coming,8.Everything has two sides.Beautiful songs,sometimes,_ be just noise to others.,must B.may C.should D.could,9.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.,-It _ a comfortable journey.,A.cant be B.mustnt have been,C.should be D.couldnt have been,10.Chinese must have the largest number of speakers,_.,A.mustnt they B.havent they C.dont they D.didnt they,B,B,D,C,54,策划：学生双语报,第54页,第54页,could(不用can)+have done,在必定句中表示“本来能够而没能”，含有婉转批评和责怪之意。,1.I could have passed my exam easily,but I made too many stupid mistakes.,我本来能够容易通过考试，但我犯了太多不该 犯错误。,2.You could have reported to me earlier.,你本该早点告诉我。,55,策划：学生双语报,第55页,第55页,should/ought to+have done用于必定句时，表示“本该做某事而事实上没做”，用于否认句时，则表示“不该做事反而做了”。,1.You should have told him a week ago.,你本来应当在一周前告诉他。,2.You ought not to have taken the magazine out of the reading room.,他不该、把杂志带出阅览室。,56,策划：学生双语报,第56页,第56页,might（不用may）+have done表示“本来也许”，但事实上没有发生事。另外，还可表示“本来应当或能够做某事”之意，含有轻微责怪语调。,1.You might not have told her.,你本能够不告诉他。（事实上你告诉他了）,2.You might have come earlier.,你本能够早点来。（但没有这样）,57,策划：学生双语报,第57页,第57页,neednt+have done表示做了本来不必去做事。,1.She neednt have gone to the station yesterday.,昨天她本不必到火车站去.（昨天她去了）,2.You neednt have bought it.,你本可不必买它。（你买了）,58,策划：学生双语报,第58页,第58页,巩 固 练 习,1.Oh,Im not feeling well in the stomach.I _ so much fried chicken just now.,A.shouldnt eat B.shouldnt have eaten,C.mustnt eat D.mustnt have eaten,2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet?,-She _ again in the morning?,A.shouldnt have overslept,B.may have turned off the alarm clock,C.must have no one t o call her,D.should have someone to wake her up,3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday?,-No.We _,but we decided not to.,A.should have gone B.could go,C.should go D.could have gone,B,B,A,59,策划：学生双语报,第59页,第59页,4.As it turned out to be a small house party,we _ so formally.,neednt dress,B.didnt have to dress up,C.Might not have dressed up,D.neednt have dressed up,5.Im rather surprised you havent reported h
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