低碳相关英语词汇.doc

低碳（low carbon）是当下社会最为时尚的词汇，从京都议定书以来，碳排放量就一直是环境问题的一个关键点，低碳相关的内容。

低碳 Low-Carbon
低碳经济 Low-Carbon Economy（LCE）
低碳生活 Low-Carbon Life
低碳旅游 Low-Carbon Tour
低碳城市化道路Low-Carbon urbanization way
碳 Carbon
二氧化碳 Carbon dioxide
二氧化碳排放 the output of the carbon dioxide
二氧化碳浓度Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide
碳减排Carbon emission reduction
碳排放标准 Standard for carbon dioxide emission
一氧化碳 Carbon monoxide
温室气体 Greenhouse gas（GHS）
温室气体排放 Greenhouse gas emission
生物圈 Biosphere
大气监测 Atmospheric monitoring
大气层的化学成分Chemical composition of the atmosphere
臭氧层 Ozone layer
生态 Ecology
生态系统 Ecosystem
环境指标 Environmental indicators
环境政策 Environmental policy
环境风险评估 Environmental risk assessment
可持续发展 Sustainable development

Presently, a new lifestyle called low carbon life is spreading every corner of our country. The concepts of low carbon are low energy and no waste. It is such a significant project that I can’t wait to present my ideas on how to promote it.
On the first place, a no-car day is supposed to set up every week in our school. Because cars not only cause serious air pollution but also waste energy. On on-car day, neither students nor teachers are allowed to drive to school. Meanwhile, just walk, jump, cycle or run. Use our legs and enjoy the fun.
On the second place, we had best not use plastic bags any more. No one can stand the “white pollution”. So, it is wise to use bags which can be reused again and again.
Finally, one thing that we should keep in mind: every big thing comes from the subtle. Therefore, as students, we ought to turn out the lights the moment we leave, turn off the tap in time, and reuse our textbook and so on.
All in all, it weighs greatly for all of us to put the low carbon lifestyle into practice. Just set our mind to these: no-car day, no plastic bags, and no waste. Let’s do it now.

新华社报道：
The National Development and Reform Commission has confirmed the government will take concrete actions to develop a low-carbon economy after it pledged to substantially reduce carbon intensity at last year's Copenhagen Conference.
国家发展与改革委员会已证实政府将采取切实行动，发展低碳经济。在去年的哥本哈根大会上，我国政府已经承诺要大幅度降低碳浓度。
在上面的报道中，low-carbon economy就是“低碳经济”。所谓低碳经济，是指在可持续发展理念指导下，通过技术创新、制度创新、产业转型、新能源开发等多种手段，尽可能地减少煤炭石油等高碳能源消耗，减少温室气体排放，达到经济社会发展与生态环境保护双赢的一种经济发展形态。
随着环境形势日益严峻，和“低碳”有关的表达也逐渐走进了我们的生活。现在倡导发展low-carbon technology（低碳技术），流行low-carbon lifestyle（低碳生活方式），通过减少carbon emission（碳排放），降低carbon intensity（碳浓度），逐步建设low-carbon society（低碳社会）。
Yang Fuqiang, director of the global climate change solutions program at WWF, said China will intensify its domestic efforts to ensure it meets President Hu’s promise to cutcarbon intensity by 2020.
世界自然基金会全球气候变化应对项目主任杨富强说，中国会加强国内方面的努力，确保胡主席做出的在2020年前降低碳浓度的承诺能够实现。
在上面的报道中，carbon intensity就是“碳浓度”，指消耗每吨能源所产生的碳排放量（carbon emission）。我们采取措施减少greenhouse gas emission（温室气体排放）就可以降低大气中的carbon intensity（碳浓度）。
Intensity在这里的意思是“密度，浓度”，它还可以指“（电、热、光、声等的）强度”，如intensity of illumination（照明度），labour intensity（劳动强度）等。另外，intensity还可以表示“（思想、感情、活动等的）强烈、剧烈、紧张”，例如：look at sb. with intensity（深情地看某人）。
由碳浓度我们可以联想到carbon footprint，footprint是“足迹”的意思，所以有人将其直译为“碳足迹”，它表示一个人或者团体的碳耗用量。为了补偿碳排放对环境的污染，我们还有“碳补偿”或“碳中和”——carbon offset。“碳补偿”是现代人为减缓全球变暖所作的努力之一。利用这种环保方式，人们计算自己日常活动直接或间接制造的二氧化碳排放量，并计算抵消这些二氧化碳所需的经济成本，然后个人付款给专门企业或机构，由他们通过植树或其他环保项目抵消大气中相应的二氧化碳量。

新东方推荐一篇有关低碳英语文章
In recent years, energy shortages and environmental pollution problems become the focus of world attention, change the traditional energy-intensive, highly polluting mode of economic growth, vigorously promote energy conservation, the development of low power consumption, low emission, marked by low-carbon economy, and can besustainable development, economic development of countries in the world is becoming a common choice.

As a large developing country, China's energy and environmental issues in particular.In 2007, the first time, felt the 17 largest proposed the "ecological civilization, basically forming an energy resources and protecting the environment structure, growth, consumption patterns" concept, pointing out the direction for sustainable development, alsoPeople pay more attention to the rise of low-carbon economy.

Real low-carbon economy is a high energy efficiency and clean energy structure, the core is the energy technology innovation, system innovation, and the concept of human survival and development of fundamental change.

Low-carbon economic development model for energy conservation, the development of circular economy and building a harmonious society with an operational interpretation, is to implement the scientific concept of development, the establishment saving society and practice of integrated innovation, fully in line with the development of 17 large reportthinking, is a related mode of production, lifestyles and values of a global revolution.

Ma Xuelu that should focus on resources, energy, environment, the three elements of the boundary effect.He said, face the twin threats of energy and the environment, must reflect deeply on the context of Western scientific rationalism consumer driven demand, drive economic growth theory of the state.Identify a greater focus of resources, energy, environment, economic growth boundary effect, explore new era of economic theory has come to.

The process of human existence, that is, energy consumption, emissions of environmentally hazardous substances to the natural process.Carbon dioxide is the human consumption of energy, resources, natural product, also contributed to the greenhouse effect, environmental culprit.As the population increases and the energy of the abrupt expansion of activity, human activities have undermined their own existence.

Data shows that as the world's largest energy consuming country, the United States 6% of the world's population consumes 30% of the world's energy.The unit of GDP energy consumption in China, Japan, 8 times the population of the United States several times, according to this model, our lack of sustained innovation, environmental degradation and energy shortage will be over the next 50 years, the development process of China's biggest bottleneck.The implementation of saving energy scheduling, low-carbon development, construction of ecological civilization, has become an irreversible trend.

By former World Bank chief economist Nicholas Stern led the "Stern Report" that the global investment GDP1% a year, to avoid future GDP5% ~ 20% annual loss, called for a global transition to a low carbon economy.July 2007, the U.S. Senate proposed the "Low Carbon Economy Act", that low-carbon development path of the economy is expected to become the future an important strategic choice.Germany hopes that by 2020, China's low-carbon industry to exceed the automotive industry.Transition to a low carbon economy has become the world's economic development trend.

As a high-energy state, we need to reduce emissions from the energy-saving, low-carbon development, the internal laws of, to find our great source of social waste and environmental pollution.Must abandon the only concern such as energy conservation, efficient use of coal and other "use" of the level of specific technical issues to the neglect of "physical" presence of chronic illness level, such as consumer-driven growth theory, the negative effects of urban and rural spatial distribution, national lifeThere's a great way and so wasted and so on.Therefore, innovative thinking and concepts, with a combination of body, from the global view of system theory point of view, to correctly understand and accelerate a low carbon economy.

1.Promote the formation of green consumption, green business philosophy, the formation of low-carbon lifestyle.Must change the concept of public and social, to do anything to be moderately fit, reasonable savings.For individuals, we should cultivate the concept of saving is a virtue, such as food waste and other radical change mitigation and energy conservation contrary to the bad habits; for business, they have introduced the concept of green business, the establishment of clean production mechanisms and lean production methods; country-led enterprisesenvironmental costs are included in production costs, and help enterprises establish corporate citizenship, there is no effective reduction in saving the mistake.

2.Resolve potential spatial patterns and social development in the pattern of the major waste problem.Effective emission reduction and to the relative concentration of industrial premise, the relative concentration of industries can generate specialized division of labor, increase efficiency, save energy; while birth clusters innovate and produce new technologies, new processes to reduce material consumption.

3.Foster vein industry to establish a complete industrial system.The public's understanding of circular economy is still in the surface, the basic understanding of the waste use, exhaust gas recycling and so on.The real economy should be like the human body circulation systems, if the industrial manufacturing system for the body than the arterial system, then we used the objects of industrial manufacture of recycling should be the same as the body's venous system.Recycling of industrial products --- "vein" industry should be a huge industry.

4.To develop low-carbon technologies to address the results of independent innovation and talent scarcity.Low-carbon technologies, including renewable energy and new energy sources, clean and efficient use of coal, oil and gas resources and exploration and development of coalbed methane, carbon dioxide capture and underground storage fields of the development of effective control of greenhouse gas emissions of new technologies.Must strengthen the capability of independent innovation, encourage enterprises to develop low carbon technologies and carbon products, integrated market of existing low-carbon technologies, to rapid diffusion and application.

Low-carbon economy, accelerate the development of cutting-edge technology needed a lot of talent and support scientific and technological achievements.Current Situation of new energy, for example, at present, China's wind power industry are long-term professional and technical training among the people no more than 50.In China, "Renewable Energy Law" two years later, North China Electric Power University, China had only established a Renewable Energy Institute.Moreover, the traditional evaluation of innovation certification system, the existence of some of the existing system can not explain the results of science can not identify an embarrassing situation.The next major scientific and technological achievements, it is likely to come from self-taught scientist, in the face of existing scientific system can not explain the results, should be taken to "the principle of non-consensus" of empirical methods need to be identified.

5.Speed up the construction of cultural and creative industries.Cultural and creative industries in technological innovation and R & D value chain of the high-end part, is a high value-added industries and low-carbon consumption in the green industry.To develop cultural and creative services, to create great wealth for the society, while avoiding excessive energy consumption and environmental pollution.

6.Sewage diversion from the rain to start, control urban pollution problems.County-level cities in China little rain and sewage diversion facilities, large and medium cities divert rain and sewage facilities, although the large volume of investment, the implementation has not gone far enough, resulting in a large number of sewage treatment plant for their labor is not the full implementation of stormwater and sewage separation measures "vote veto. "

7.China's energy structure from the start, to seize the key aspects of conflict in order to improve the efficiency of energy saving.The major form of China's energy consumption power consumption, heating and urban rural central heating consumption, energy consumption, 3 species of which about 68% of energy from various energy into electricity after consumption.In China, widespread low-power system operation and a serious waste of energy efficiency, particularly in two areas power distribution and power, energy-saving potential of a total 120 million kilowatts, accounting for 20% of China's electricity.Electricity distribution areas of focus to promote a major innovation projects can significantly improve energy efficiency reduction.

8.The core of a low carbon economy the way, is to build our country and the world of renewable energy source system, and ultimately by the "high-carbon" era of the "low-carbon" era of the cross, realize the harmonious development between man and nature.