模拟试题.doc

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《矿物加工专业英语》模拟试卷

得分

（25 pts）一、Fill in the blanks

1. Minerals by definition are natural inorganic substances possessing definite chemical compositions and_atomic structures_.（2pts）
2. The grade, or assay, usually refers to the content of the marketable end product in the material.(2pts)
3. Diamagnetic minerals which are repelled by a magnet and can not be concentrated magnetically .（比磁化率比周围介质的低，因此会排斥外在磁场的磁力线）(4pts)
4. There are two fundamental operations in mineral processing, namely the release or liberation ,of the valuable minerals from their waste gangue minerals, and separation of these values from the gangue, this latter process in mineral processing being known as concentration.(3pts)
5. Crushing is accomplished by compression of the ore against rigid surface, or by impact against surfaces in a rigidly constrained motion path.(2pts)
6. A feature of all jaw crushers is the heavy flywheel attached to the drive, which is necessary to store energy on the idling half of the stroke and deliver it on the crushing half.(2pts)
7. The primary function of precision particle analysis is to obtain quantitative data about the ____ and _____________ of particles in the material.(2pts)
8. It is common practice in underground mines, in which the method of working requires the ____________________, to return the coarser fraction of the mill tailings underground.(2pts)
One of the most important aspects of gravity circuit operation is correct water-balance （水量平衡）within the plant. Almost all gravity concentrators have an optimum feed pulp-density ,ang relatively little deviation from this density cause a rapid decline in efficiency.（具有一个最佳的入料矿浆密度，并且密度的较小偏移就会引起分选效率的降低）(4pts)
9. It is invariably necessary to ________________, the resultant slimes, which may account for up to 50% of the total weight, requiting surface disposal. (2pts)

得分

（50pts）二、Translate the following sentence into Chinese.

1, Liberation of the valuable minerals from the gangue is accomplished by comminution, which involves crushing, and, if necessary, grinding, to such a particle size that the product is a mixture of relatively clean particles of mineral and gangue.（5pts）
矿物从煤矸石的分离是通过粉碎来完成的，这个过程涉及到破碎，如果有必要还需要研磨，达到一定的粒度小，产物是一种相对清洁的矿物和煤矸石颗粒混合物
2, Due to the action of these many natural agencies, mineral deposits are frequently found in sufficient concentrations to enable the metals to be profitably recovered. （5pts）
由于这些众多的自然因素的作用，我们发现的矿藏一般都有足够的浓度，使金属有开发利用的价值。
3, Modern gravity techniques have proved efficient for concentration of minerals having particle sizes in the 50µm range and, when coupled with improved pumping technology and instrumentation, have been incorporated in high-capacity plants. （5pts）
现代重选技术已证明可有效富集粒度为10-50微米的矿物，而且一些高处理量的选矿厂已把重选技术与精良的泵输送技术和仪表手段结合在一起。
4，Based on magnetic susceptibility, materials may be divided into two groups：paramagnetic materials, or those attracted by a magnetic field, and diamagnetic materials, those repelled by a magnetic field. （5pts）
基于磁化率，物质可以分为两类，受磁场吸引的顺磁性物质和受磁场排斥的逆磁性物质
5, In many cases a high proportion of the mineral in an ore body can at least be pre-concentrated effectively by cheap and ecologically acceptable gravity systems; the amount of reagents and fuel used can be cut significantly when the more expensive methods are restricted to the processing of gravity concentrate. （5pts）
在很多情况下，矿物在矿体中的高比例至少可以利用廉价和生态上可接受的重力系统有效地进行预先集中;当昂贵的方法限制用在处理重力浓缩中时，试剂和燃料的使用量可以大幅减少。
6, Thus, coals must be subjected to a float-sink test in the laboratory, which will determine the optimum particle size for washing, the density of the wash liquid required to remove the maximum ash content with minimum work. （5pts）
因此，必须在实验室进行煤的浮沉实验，以确定最佳的洗煤粒度和洗煤悬浮液的密度，从而以最小的投入来最大限度的去处灰分
7, The grade, ore assay, usually refers to the content of the marketable end product in the material. Thus in metallic ores, the percent metal is often quoted, although in the case of very low-grade ores, such as gold, the metal content may be expressed as parts per million (ppm). （5pts）
在矿物分析中，矿石的品位是指能够直接销售的产物在材料中的成分，因此，在金属矿石中，常用百分含量来表示，在矿石含量非常低的情况下，例如金，金属成分常用百万分之几表示。
8，Comminution and concentration are the two primary operations in mineral
processing, and many other important steps are involved, among which are sizing of the ore at different stages in treatment, by the use of screens and classifiers, and dewatering of the mineral pulps, using thickeners, filters, and driers. （5pts）
粉碎和浓度是矿物加工中的两个主要过程，并涉及其他许多重要的步骤，其中包括通过筛分和分级把矿物分成不同粒度级，以及使用增稠剂，过滤器和干燥器用矿物脱水。
9，Therefore, there is a critical value for the crack length at any particular level of stress at which the increased stress level at the crack tip is sufficient to break the atomic bond at that point. （5pts）
因此在任一特定应力水平上，裂隙长度均有一临界值，此时在裂隙顶端提高应力水平足以以使该点的原子键断裂。
10，In order to produce a stable suspension of sufficiently high density, with a reasonably low viscosity, it is necessary to use fine, high specific gravity solid particles, agitation being necessary to maintain the suspension and to lower the apparent viscosity.（5pts）
为了得到一个合理的低粘度的稳定的高密度的悬浮液，需要用好的，高比重的固体颗粒，并通过搅拌维持暂停和降低表观粘度。

得分

(25pts）三、writing.
Please write an essay describing the principle of one mineral processing method or the working characteristic of a mineral processing machine (no less than 120 words).

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