中国科学院博士学位研究生入学考试英语试题3.doc

中国科学院博士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
（2002年3月）
PAPER ONE
PART Ⅱ STRUCTURE & VOCABULARY (15 points, 25 minutes)
Section A (0.5 point each)
Directions: Choose the word or words below each sentence that best complete the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
16. Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, I feel sure that I have no but to report him to the local police.
A. time B. change
C. authority D. alternative
17. Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to regret.
A. teem with B. brim with
C. come with D. look with
18. There is only one difference between and old man and a young one: the young one has a glorious future before him and the old one has a future behind him.
A. splendid B. conspicuous
C. uproarious D. imminent
19. That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go out only
necessity.
A. within reach of B. for fear of
C. by means of D. in case of
20. A young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or express the emotion that it in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.
A. reflects B. retains
C. rouses D. radiates
21. the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8-10 minutes or until most of the water has evaporated.
A. Turn off B. Turn over
C. Turn down D. Turn up
22. Banks shall be unable to , or claim relief against the first 15% of any loan or bankrupted debt left with them.
A. write off B. put aside
C. shrink from D. come cover
23. I am to inform you, that you may, if you wish, attend the inquiry, and at the inspectors discretion sate your case or through an entrusted representative.
A. in person B. in depth
C. in secret D. in excess
24. In his view, though Hong Kong has no direct cultural identity, local art is thriving by “being ,” being open to all kinds of art.
A. gratifying B. predominating
C. excelling D. accommodating
25. In some countries preschool education in nursery schools or kindergartens the 1st grade.
A. leads B. precedes
C. forwards D. advances
26. Desert plants two categories according to the way they deal with the problem of surviving drought.
A. break down B. fall into
C. differ in D. refer to
27. In the airport, I could hear nothing except the roral of aircraft engines which all other sounds.
A. dwarfed B. diminished
C. drowned D. devastated
28. Criticism without suggesting areas of improvement is not and should be avoided if possible.
A. constructive B. productive
C. descriptive D. relative
29. The Committee pronounced four members expelled for failure to provide information in the of investigations.
A. case B. chase
C. cause D. course
30. Since neither side was ready to what was necessary for peace, hostility were resumed in 1980.
A. precede B. recede
C. concede D. intercede
31. Such an act of hostility can only lead to war.
A. overt B. episodic
C. ample D. ultimate
32. both in working life and everyday living to different sets of values, and expectations places a severe strain on the individual.
A. Recreation B. Transaction
C. Disclosure D. Exposure
33. It would then be replaced by an interim government, which would be replaced by a permanent government after four months.
A. in step B. in turn
C. in practice D. in haste
34. Haven’t I told you I don't want you keeping with those awful riding about bicycle boys?
A. company B. acquaintance
C. friends D. place
35. Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed were quite simply
every cheat in the marketplace.
A. at the mercy of B. in lieu of
C. by courtesy of D. for the price of
Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions: In each of the following sentences there are four parts underlined and marked A, B, C, and D. Indicate which of the four partrs is incorrectly used by drawing a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
36. The auctioneer must know fair accurately the current market values of the goods
A B C
he is selling.
D

37. Children are among the most frequent victims of violent, drug-related crimes that
A B C
have nothing doing with the cost of acquiring the drugs.
D

38. A large collection of contemporary photographs, including some taken by Mary
A B
are on display at the meseum.
C D
39. There is much in our life which we do not control and we are not even responsible for.
A B C D
40. Capital inflows will also tend to increase the international value of the dollar,
A B
make it more difficult to sell U.S. exports.
C D
41. It can be argued that the problems, even something as fundamental as the
A B
ever-increased world population, have been caused by technological advance.
C D
42. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the
A B C
temptation to revenge as subjected to uncivilized behavior.
D
43. While experts in basic science are important, skilled talents should be the
A B
overriding majority since they are at heavy demand in the market.
C D
44. Retailers offered deep discounts and extra hours this weekend in the bid to lure
A B C D
shoppers.
45. The amendments of the laws on patent, trademark and copyright have enhanced
A B
protection of intellectual property rights and made them conform to WTO rules.
C D
PART Ⅲ CLOSE TEST (15 points, 15 minutes)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices given in the opposite column. Mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a state of transition. As a result, cultural scripts about marriage have undergone change. One of the more obvious 46 has occurred in the roles that women 47 . Women have moved into the world of work and have become adept at meeting expectations in that arena, 48 maintaining their family roles of nurturing and their family roles of nurturing and creating a(n) 49 that is a haven for all family members. 50 many women experience strain from trying to “do it all”, they often enjoy the increased 51 that can result from playing multiple roles. As women’s roles have changed, changing expectations about men’s roles have become more 52 . Many men are relinquishing their major responsibility 53 the family provider. Probably the most significant change in men’s roles, however, is in the emotional 54 of family life. Men are increasing 55 to meet the emotional needs of their families, 56 their wives.
In fact, expectations about the emotional domain of marriage have become more significant for marriage in general. Research on 57 marriage has changed over recent decades points to the increasing importance of the emotional side of the relationship, and the importance of sharing in the “emotion work” 58 to nourish marriages and other family relationships. Men and women want to experience marriages that are interdependent, 59 both partners nurture each other, and encourage and promote each other. We are thus seeing marriages in which men’s and women’s roles are becoming increasingly more 60 .
46. A. incidents B. changes C. results D. effects
47. A. take B. do C. play D. show
48. A. by B. while C. hence D. thus
49. A. home B. garden C. arena D. paradise
50. A. When B. Even though C. Since D. Nevertheless
51. A. rewards B. profits C. privileges D. incomes
52. A. general B. acceptable C. popular D. apparent
53. A. as B. of C. from D. for
54. A. section B. constituent C. domain D. point
55. A. encouraged B. expected C. advised D. predicted
56. A. not to mention B. as well as C. including D. especially
57. A. how B. what C. why D. if
58. A. but B. only C. enough D. necessary
59. A. unless B. although C. where D. because
60. A. pleasant B. important C. similar D. manageable

PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (30 points, 60 minutes)
Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Passage One
The man who invented Coca-cola was not a native Atlantan, but on the day of his funeral every drugstore in town testimonially shut up shop. He was John Styth Pemberton, born in 1833 in Knoxville, Georgia, eighty miles away. Sometimes known as Doctor, Pemberton was a pharmacist who, during the Civil War, led a cavalry troop under General Joe Wheeler. He settled in Atlanta in 1869, and soon began brewing such patent medicines as Triplex Liver Pills and Globe of Flower Cough Syrup. In 1885, he registered a trademark for something called French Wine Coca-Ideal Nerve and Tonic Stimulant; a few months later he formed the Pemberton Chemical Company, and recruited the services of a bookkeeper named Frank M. Robinson, who not only had a good head for figures but, attached to it, so exceptional a nose that he could audit the composition of a batch of syrup merely by sniffling it. In 1886-a year in which, as contemporary Coca-Cola officials like to point out, Conan Doyle unveiled Sherlock Holmes and France unveiled the Statue of Liberty-Pemberton unveiled a syrup that he called Coca-Cola. It was a modification of his French Wine Coca. He had taken out the wine and added a pinch of caffeine, and, when the end product tasted awful, had thrown in some extract of cola nut and a few other oils, blending the mixture in a three-legged iron pot in his back yard and swishing it around with an oar. He distributed it to soda fountains in used beer bottles, and Robinson, with his flowing bookkeeper’s script, presently devised a label, on which “Coca-Cola” was written in the fashion that is still employed. Pemberton looked upon his mixture less as a refreshment than as a headache cure, especially for people whose headache could be traced to over-indulgence.
On a morning late in 1886, one such victim of the night before dragged himself into an Atlanta drugstore and asked for a dollop of Coca-Cola. Druggists customarily stirred a teaspoonful of syrup into a glass of water, but in this instance the man on duty was too lazy to walk to the fresh-water tap, a couple of feet off. Instead, he mixed the syrup with some soda water, which was closer at hand. The suffering customer perked up almost at once, and word quickly spread that the best Coca-Cola was a fizzy one.

61. What does the passage tell us about John Styth Pemberton?
A. He was highly respected by Atlantans.
B. He ran a drug store that also sells wine.
C. He had been a doctor until the Civil War.
D. He made a lot of money with his pharmacy.
62. Which of the following was unique to Frank M. Robinson, working with the Pemberton’s Company?
A. Skills to make French wine.
B. Talent for drawing pictures.
C. An acute sense of smell.
D. Ability to work with numbers.
63. Why was the year 1886 so special to Pemberton?
A. He took to doing a job like Sherlock Holmes’s.
B. He brought a quite profitable product into being.
C. He observed the founding ceremony of Statue of Liberty.
D. He was awarded by Coca-Cola for his contribution.
64. One modification made of French Wine Coca formula was
A. used beer bottles were chosen as containers.
B. the amount of caffeine in it was increased.
C. it was blended with oils instead of water.
D. Cola nut extract was added to taste.
65. According to the passage, Coca-Cola was in the first place prepared especially for
A. the young as a soft drink.
B. a replacement of French Wine Coca.
C. the relief of a hangover.
D. a cure for the common headache.
66. The last paragraph mainly tells
A. the complaint against the lazy shop-assistant.
B. a real test of Coca-cola as a headache cure.
C. the mediocre service of the drugstore.
D. a happy accident that gave birth to Coca-Cola.
Passage Two
Between 1833 and 1837, the publishers of a “penny press” proved that a low-priced paper, edited to interest ordinary people, could win what amounted to a mass circulation for the times and thereby attract an advertising volume that would make it independent. These were papers for the common citizen and were not tied to the interests of the business community, like the mercantile press, or dependent for financial support upon political party allegiance. It did not necessarily follow that all the penny papers would be superior in their handling of the news and opinion functions. But the door was open for some to make important journalistic advances.
The first offerings of a penny paper tended to be highly sensational; human interest stories overshadowed important news, and crime and sex stories were written in full detail. But as the penny paper attracted readers from various social land economic brackets, its sensationalism was modified. The ordinary reader came to want a better product, too. A popularized style of writing and presentation of news remained, but the penny paper became a respectable publication that offered significant information and editorial leadership. Once the first of the successful penny papers had shown the way, later ventures could enter the competition at the higher level of journalistic responsibility the pioneering papers had reached.
This was the pattern of American newspapers in the years following the founding of the New York Sun in 1833. The Sun, published by Benjamin Day, entered the lists against 11 other dailies. It was tiny in comparison; but it was bright and readable, and it preferred human interest features to important but dull political speech reports. It had a police reporter writing squibs of crime news in the style already proved successful by some other papers. And, most important, it sold for a penny, whereas its competitors sold for six cents. By 1837 the Sun was printing 30,000 copies a day, which was more than the total of all 11 New Yro