八下英语第6单元单词学案稿.doc

Unit 6 Im going to study computer science .（我打算学习计算机科学。） 设计者 ： 吕春华语言点：谈论未来的打算。重点句型be going to和want to be 的用法.单词1. grow up （动词短语）长大，成熟，成长 eg. All plants like to grow up toward the sunlight.所有的植物都喜欢朝着阳光向上长. When he grow s up, he wants to be a famous doctor.他长大后想当位著名的医生。 Where did you grow up? 你是在哪儿长大的？ grow (v.) grow-grew 种植，培养 (vi.) 发展；生长；渐渐变得 Eg. These plants are growing well. 这些植物长势良好 (vt.) 使生长；种植；扩展 Eg. They grew lots of rice last year. 去年他们种了很多稻米。 n. (Grow)人名；(英)格罗2. computer programmer 计算机程序设计员；编程人员 compute (v.)计算 +r- computer (n.) 计算机 ； program(v.) +mer / programme (v.)编程序 ，制作节目 +r-programmer (n.) 程序设计员3. cook (n.) 厨师 (vi.&.vt)做饭,煮 Eg. Mother is cooking the meal in the kitchen. cooker (n.) 炊具4. doctor (n.) 医生，博士。abbr 缩写 Dr . go to see the doctor /go to doctors 去看医生 You must see a doctor. 你一定得去看医生。 doctor (v.)就医，给.治病5. engineer (n.) 工程师 engine （vt.） 给安装发动机 (n.). 引擎，发动机 engine (v.)+er- engineer (n.) 6. driver (n.)驾驶员，司机 drive (v.)驾驶，开车 drive-drove go for a ride去兜风 a drivers license 驾照7. pilot (n.) 飞行员 (v.) 驾驶 Eg. To be a pilot is my brothers dream. 当飞行员是我哥的梦想。 When did you learn to pilot an airplane？你什么时候学会驾驶飞机的?8. violinist (n.) 小提琴手 violin (n.) 小提琴+ist- violinist (n.)9. pianist (n.) 钢琴家 piano (n.) 钢琴 pian+ist-pianist (n.)10. scientist (n.) 科学家 science (n.) 科学scien+tist-scientist (n.) 11. be sure about 对有把握；确信 be sure about+ n./pron./v+ing 与be sure of 同义 be not sure about 对没有把握 be sure about sth.确信某事 Eg. He is sure about wining the game他对获胜很有把握。 No one can be sure about his future. 没有谁能够对未来了如指掌。拓展：. be sure “务必、切记 ”， 用于祈使句中，后接动词不定式，表示提要求。 Eg. Be sure to come tomorrow. 明天务必来。 Be sure to give it to me on time. 务必按时将它还给我。 “一定、肯定”， 后接动词不定式，表示说话人的推测或判断。 Eg Its sure to rain tomorrow. 明天一定会下雨。 My father is sure to live to ninety. 我爸爸一定会活到90岁. be sure +that从句 “肯定，有把握” Eg. Im sure (that) smoking is not good for you. 我相信吸烟对你没有好处。12. make sure 确保，查明 常用于祈使句中，表示请求或要求对方按照要求做某事，常常后接of短语或that引导的宾语从句。 Eg. You must make sure of the time and place. 你必须把时间和地点弄清楚。Please make sure everything is OK. 确保一切正常。 13.college (n.) 学院，大学，高等专科学校。 通常情况下college规模较小，精于某个领域， 在那领域上的造诣可能远远超过很多universities14. university (n.)(pl. universities)综合性大学，高等学府。 在university，你可能会接触到研究的机会。college是专业化的学院,university是覆盖全面的大学 go to college/go to university 上大学 a college student / a university student大学生15.education (n.)教育；教育学；培养；训练 Special education 特殊教育,特殊学校,特殊教育学 primary education 基础教育，小学教育 physical education 体育课，体育教育 quality education 素质教育 u 表示“教育”，作为抽象名词，一般不可数。Li Ming went to the US for further education last summer李明去年夏天去美国深造了. c 特指某个人的教育或某一种或一段教育(通常有定语修饰)时，有时可与不定冠词连用。He had a good education.他受过良好的教育 get an education接受教育 educate (v.)训练，教育. educational(adj.)教育的，有教育意义的. educated (adj.) 受过教育的,有教养的. uneducated 无知的；未受教育的. uneducated person大老粗.16.resolution (n.)c make a resolution 下决心 pass a resolution 通过决议 make a resolution 下决心 She made a New Years resolution to get fit.她的新年决心是要保持身材健美。 resolvev.I resolved to visit my grandmother at least once a year.我决定每年至少要去看望祖母一次。He resolved on going abroad to study.他决定到海外留学。17.question (n.) 问题，疑问；询问；疑问句They asked a great many questions about England . 他们问了一大堆有关英格兰的问题。Theres no question about their success. 他们一定会成功。 (v.) 询问；怀疑；审问The teacher will question us on verbs.老师将问我们关于动词的知识。 problem和question都有“问题”的意思，但用法却不尽相同：1. ）problem指说话者认为难以解决的问题，它与动词 solve或settle（解决）搭配。而 question指说话者需要寻找答案的问题，它常与动词ask或answer连用。比较：The problem is difficult to be solved这个问题很难解决。 May I ask you some questions？我可以问你一些问题吗？2.）problem可用于数学或物理的习题，而question却无此义。question可表示一件“与有关的事”。比较：Can you work out this maths problem ？你能算出这道数学题吗？Its a question of money time这是一个与金钱时间有关的问题。3.）指需要讨论或解决的问题时，problem与question可以互换。We are going to talk about several problems（questions）at the meeting我们在会上要谈到一些问题。18.medicine (n.)u 药；医学；广义上的医药、医学、药物的总称 How often should I take this medicine? 这药一天吃几次? (1)给某人一些药give sb. some medicine (2)吃药/服药take/have some medicine (3)学医study medicine 拓展： 1） Chinese medicine中医 western medicine西医 modern medicine 现代医学 Take ones medicine 自作自受 Give someone a taste of his own medicine 以其人之道还治其人之身 2） pill (n.)c 药片、药丸，而medicine则更多来指药水这一类型。 3）medicine的形容词为medical“医学的，医术的，医疗上的，医疗界的”a medical college医学院 ； medicinal (adj.) 有疗效的、有药效的 medicinal plant 药用植物19. London (n.)伦敦 London is the capital and largest city and the fist port of UK /England /Britain and it is also the culture center. 伦敦是英国的首都、第一大城市和第一大港以及文化中心。 The London Eye 伦敦眼。 是世界上首座、也曾经是世界最大的观景摩天轮。20. article (n.)c 文章；This travel article is interesting这篇游记很有趣。语冠词。Today well discuss the use of the article今天我们讨论冠词的用法。 拓展： passage 一般指段落 Read the following passage and answer the questions below .阅读下面这段话并回答下面的问题。21 .send- sent (vt.)发送； 邮寄Radio Beijing sends the news all over the world北京广播电台向全世界播送新闻。I sent him a card on Christmas Day=I sent a card to him on Christmas Day 在圣诞节那天我寄给他一张卡片。 把某物寄给某人send sb. Sth./send sth. to sb. 派某人去做某事 send sb. to do sth. (vi.) 派人去请大夫 send for a doctor 发出，发送，派遣 The sun sends out light and heat.太阳发出光和热22. make the soccer team 组建个足球队；创建一支足球队 ；成为一名足球队队员 make the school soccer team组建校足球队I didnt make the soccer team.我未入选足球队。And I am going to make the soccer team.我计划组建一个足球队。23. foreign (adj.)外国的 a foreign language 一门外语, foreign trade 外贸 foreign students 外国留学生 a foreign visitor外宾 foreign language teacher 外教foreigner (n.) 外国人； 老外,外国佬24.able (adj.)能的 有能力的；能干的 able-abler-ablest 1)能；可；会 常用短语.be able to 能够做某事 I am afraid I wont be able to visit you on Saturday.恐怕我无法在星期六来拜访 2）.有能力的;能干的 He is an able lawyer. 他是一位能干的律师。 able person能人；有能力的人；有用的人才 will be able to将能够拓展：1) 做后缀-able 构成形容词 .表示能.的,可以.的,适于.的,有.特性的, eatable comfortable enjoyable fashionable 2)can 和be able to 都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即:can, couldbe able to 则主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be 发生变化，所以形式比can 多 3） unable (adj.) 不能的；不会的 He is an able person, nothing is unable to him.他是一个能人，对他没有不能的事。25. meaning (n.) 意义；含义；意图 语意 Do you know the meaning of the word freedom？你知道“自由”一词的意义吗？mean(v.)用意.；意味；想要；意思是 What does this word mean? 这个单词是什么意思？ meaningful (adj.)有意义的；意味深长的 meaningless (adj.)毫无意义的；意思不明确的26. beginning (n.)开头；开端 begin (v.) 开始A good beginning is half the battle.良好的开端是成功的一伴。 A good beginning makes a good ending. 谚欲善其终必先善其始。 at the beginning of在的开始 Were going to Japan at the beginning of July.我们七月初要去日本。I wish everybody good luck at the beginning of the year. 我预祝大家岁首大吉。27. discuss (v.)讨论；商量discuss多用作及物动词,可接名词、代词、带疑问词的动词不定式、动名词或wh-从句作宾语。Discuss sth. With sb.与某人讨论某事。Discuss the following questions with your partner. 和同伴讨论下列问题。 discussion (n.)c 讨论；商量 have a discussion进行讨论have a discussion about sth. 就某事进行讨论 yesterday , the students had a hot discussion about the best clothing store in town.昨天学生们热烈的讨论了城中最好的服装店。28. promise (n.)承诺；诺言Give me your promise that youll never be late again.答应我你绝不再迟到了。She broke her promise to me .他没有承担对我的许诺。make a promise 许下诺言 keep a promise 信守诺言 break a promise 违背诺言(v.)许诺；承诺(vi.)I cant promise.我不能应允。 (vt.) promise +名/代/动词不定式或that从句作宾语/双宾语1) promise (sb.)to do sth. 许诺去做某事。 He promised to help us.他答应要帮助我们。She promised me to try her best to help him.她向我保证要尽力帮助他。2) promise sb. Sth.允诺某人某事。My aunt promised me a bike. 3）promise +that从句作宾语 We promise that we will help each other.29. improve (v.)改进；改善 (vi.)变得更好；改进 I hope the weather will improve before Friday.我希望星期五之前天气会好转。 improve in sth 在某方面好转 improve on 对作出改进；比有了改进( vt).改善；改进；提高He is trying to improve his English. improvement (n.) 提高，改进；改良；增进make an improvement in 在某方面作改进 .There is still room for improvement. 仍有改进的余地 self-improvement (n.) 自我改进；自我提高More importantly, the Asian peoples have a strong sense of self - esteem , self - confidence, self - reliance and self - improvement更重要的是, 亚洲各国人民有着强烈的 自尊 自信 、 自立 自强 精神.Personally, I think thats a good idea for self-improvement.就个人而言，我认为这是个自我提高的好机会。30. write down写下；记录下 这是一个由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词，名词作宾语时既可放在后面，也可放在中间；如果是代词作宾语，只能够放在动词和副词之间，不能放在副词后面。再如pick it up;pick the book up,pick up the book都可以。如果是“动词+介词”构成的短语，无论名词还是代词作宾语，都应放在介词的后面，如look after your brother,;look after him，而不能放在介词的前面。 write your ideas down/write down your ideas把你的想法写下来。If you get an idea ,please write it down first.如果你有了主意就先写下来。31. physical (adj.)身体的；Physical health is having a strong healthy body.身体健康就是有一个强壮健康的身体。 物质的其所对应的反义词常为mental或是spiritual，表示“精神上的”。 physical education (PE) 体育 physical exercise/ physical training体育锻炼 physical science 物理学 physics 物理学 He does well in physics他的物理学得很好。 32. themselves (pron.)他（她、它）们自己 They themselves make the bed every day.每天他们都自己整理床铺。 The student enjoyed themselves very much last night.们昨晚玩得很开心。The kids could not dress themselves up ,they were too young at that time.那个时候孩子们太小不能打扮自己。33. have to do with 关于；与有关 Most of his questions had to do with his lessons.他的大部分问题与功课有关。34. take up （尤指为消遣）学着做；开始做 When did you take up music?你什么时候对音乐感兴趣的？ The lady took up dancing as a hobby in her sixties.这位女士在六十多岁时把学习跳舞当成爱好。拓展 take up 占用；拿起等 The table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地方.35. hobby (n.)业余爱好 hobbies (pl.) Kim enjoys swimming. Its one of his hobbies.36. paint (v.)用颜料画；在刷油漆 (vi.) Last year,the painter painted a lot. 去年画家画了很多画。 (vt.) I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. 我是学美术的学生，我画许多画。 I personally think we should paint the wall yellow 我个人认为墙壁应该粉刷成黄色。 (n.)油漆；颜料；绘画作品paint,draw paint指用颜色画，如油画颜料、水彩或者水墨画，而draw 通常指用铅笔、钢笔或者粉笔画，后者一般并不涂上颜料。两动词的相应名词分别为painting和drawing 37. weekly (adj.) (adv.)每周的（地） (n.)周刊； 周报 weekly magazine 周刊 weekly newspapers 周报 We played chess two or three times weekly.我们每周下两三次棋。 There is an interesting article in this weekly。这期的周刊上有一篇有趣的文章。38. schoolwork (n.)u 功课；学校作业 heavy schoolwork 繁重的作业Youll have much time for schoolwork .你会有很多的时间来做功课。39. own (adj.) She wants to do it in her own way.她想以她自己的方式来做这件事。 (pron.)自己的；本人的 He studied Chinese on his own.他自学的汉语。 (v.) Who own this house ? 这房子归谁所有？ (n.)自己的东西 Children need toys of their own.儿童需要有自己的玩具。40.personal (adj.)个人的；私人的. a personal letter 私人信件 some personal information一些个人信息 person(n.）人士,个人,人称 good person 好人 personally ( adv. )亲自地；当面；个别地；就自己而言 personally thank 当面致谢41.relationship (n.)c/u关系；联系 We have a working relationship.我们是工作上的关系。 the relationship with 与的关系 the relationship between and 与的关系近义词relation 构词法： “名词+后缀-ship” 意为“ 的关系” eg. friendship 友谊 partnership 伙伴关系