新英语国际音标及字母组合大全.doc

新英语国际音标及字母组合大全
一、元音（20个）：发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍
单元音12个 /ɪ / /ɔ / /ʊ/ /ə/ / ʌ/ /e/
/i:/ /ɔ:/ /U:/ / ɜ:/ /ɑ:/ /æ/
双元音8个 /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/
/eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/
二、辅音（26个）发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍
轻辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ 
浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ 
鼻音 /m/ /n/  /ŋ/ 
边音 / h/ /r/ （ / j/ / w/）
舌侧音 / ǀ/
三、半元音（2个）既有元音的特点又有辅音的特点，发音时气流受到发音器官的阻碍没有辅音大
半元音 /j/ /w/
四、字母组合及发音规律
1、 前元音 4个 /i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/

/i:/字母组合:ee ea e ie

Three tree green sheep meet beef see seek

eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please

he she me

piece receive ceiling

/ɪ/发音字母 i y e

sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss

myth many twenty happy dictionary

defect decide delicious

/e/字母组合 ea e a

Head bread pleasure

Elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel

yes

many any

/æ/发音字母 a

Bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag

shall man
2、中元音3个 / ɜ:/ /ə/ / ʌ/

/ ɜ:/字母组合ir ur ear ur or

girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird

turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger

learn earn earth heard

term her nerd [nɜ:d] n.讨厌的人，卑微的人 serve

work worm work world

/ə/字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u

teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder

doctor actor mayor [mɛə]n.市长；镇长； author tractor [ˈtræktə]n.拖拉机；牵引器

delicious gracious[ˈɡreiʃəs] adj.亲切的，和蔼的；（对王族及其行为的敬语）仁慈的，谦和的；雅致的；有礼貌的int.（表示惊异）天哪，老天爷pleasure [ˈpleʒə]
familiar collar dollar

together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite

around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan China

men listen

famulus Saturday

/ ʌ/发音字母 u o ou oo

up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus

come mother dose brother love above

trouble rough flourish

blood flood

3、后元音5个 /ɑ:/ /ɒ/ /ɔ:/ /ʊ/ /ʊ：/

/ɑ:/字母组合 ar a

car farm card arm garden

fast class last glass plant aunt calm
/ɒ/发音字母 o a

hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not

want wash

/ɔ:/字母组合 al or au our ar aw

small wall talk tall hall ball call walk

short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store

author caught autumn

four mourn court bought

warm quarrel quarter

draw saw flaw

/ʊ/字母组合 oo ou u o

look good foot book

should could

put full bull pull push

woman wolf
/ʊ：/字母组合 oo o u

Food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth

shoe do two

true truth blue ull

4、合口双元音5个 /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aʊ/ /əʊ/

/aɪ/发音字母 i y

Bike fine find die nine light night high

my try fly eye

/eɪ/发音字母 a ay ea ai ey

name cake late gate plane April

play say may way

great break

rain paint plain

they grey

/ɔɪ/字母组合oy oi

boy toy joy

oil soil voice choice

/aʊ/字母组合 ou ow

house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse

flower down now cow how town

/əʊ/发音字母 o ow oa

home cold go no phone host ghost

know low below grow blow show flow

boat coat goal

5、集中双元音3个 /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/

/ɪə/字母组合 eer ea ear ier

beer deer ear idea near here fierce

/eə/字母组合ear air

pear bear chair air fair care there where

/ʊə/字母组合our oor ower

hour tour poor flower shower

6、容易混淆的元音

/e/ /æ/

bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said

/i:/ /eɪ/

Real rail greet great mean main read raid

/e/ /aɪ/

Bet bite red write said side head hide

/əʊ/ /ɔ:/

house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count

corn

/aʊ/ /ɔ/

Found fond down done gown gone town ton

7、爆破辅音6个 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/  / k/ /g/

/p/发音字母p

Pen pear play pig pour pull push

/b/发音字母b

book big boot bike bread break

/t/发音字母t

Tree two ten ton town twenty city

/d/ 发音字母d

door dull desk dose do dog dictionary

/ k/发音字母k c ch x

King kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)

card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)

fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)

school schedule schema (字母组合ch)

/g/发音字母g

Girl good goal goat grade long language

8、摩擦辅音8个 /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/  /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/

/f/发音字母f gh ph

five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife

cough laugh rough physic photo phone

/v/发音字母v

very evening even every voice vest

/s/发音字母s c ce

six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)

license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)

licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)

/z/ 发音字母 z se

zoo zebra zero zap

close nose hose suppose pause those whose

/θ/发音字母th

think thank three thirty tooth mouth

/ð/发音字母th

That this those these though

/ʃ/发音字母sh tion cial s

sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash

nation attention station

social special

sure

/ʒ/发音字母s sion

pleasure television

9、破擦音6个 /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/   /dr/   /ts/ /dz/ 
/tʃ/发音字母ch tch

Child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）

catch watch match （字母组合tch)

/dʒ/发音字母ge dge j

age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge

joy enjoy join July June junk

/tr/ 发音字母 tr

Tree country try treat track trunk

/dr/发音字母 dr

dry dream drop drive drink

/ts/发音字母ts

Students boots boats goats nuts

/dz/ 发音字母ds

goods woods moods hoods

10、鼻辅音3个 /m/ /n/  /ŋ/

/m/发音字母m

Man make moon morning move come comb

/n/ 发音字母n

Pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean

/ŋ/发音字母n ng

uncle bank English think thank junk

sing king morning evening

11、舌侧音1个 / ǀ/

/ ǀ/发音字母l

Long land lend lord fly flag black

world cold could goal soul

12、摩擦音2个 / r/ / h/

/ r/发音字母r wr

Read red right run room write

/ h/发音字母h wh
hot hop home house horse how who

13、半元音2个 /w/ /j/

/w/发音字母w wh

when what where window wind wood

/j/发音字母y

Yes year yell you your yolk yellow

14、容易混淆的辅音

/v/ /w/

vest west vet wet vine wine very well

/s/ /v/ /w/

vest west vet wet vine wine very well

/s/ /w/

sink think mass math miss myth sort sought

/z/ /ʃ/

close cloth breeze breathe

/n/  /ŋ/

thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing
sink think mass math miss myth sort sought

15、字母，组合音节发音规律

1）a /eɪ/ /æ/ /ə/ /ɑ:/ /ɔ/

Late private grade bake grape nation station page

Active hand bank fan parent family glad flag

accept about above formative machine cinema

fast last glass class past father

wash what watch want

2）e /i:/ /e/ /ɪ/ /ə/ 不发音

Appreciate extremely secret she me he

letter left message generate pebble

decide pretty previous result restore

problem prosperous student confident

active table late wife store lecture

3）i /aɪ/ /ɪ/

High price library ice cream wife size line

fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit

4）o /əʊ/ /ʊ/ /ʌ/ /ə/ /ɔ/

lode host cold note okay old home

lose do who whose prove

love some other mother honey company

today tomorrow together control collect

lost hot mock office soft honest

5）u /jʊ/ /ʊ/ /ʌ/ /ə/

University refuse unique universe huge

Put push pull full bull

But brush bucket duck bubble

support suggest

6）c /k/ /s/

Country camp camera courage cable

city ceiling celebrate cell cease

7）g/g/ /dʒ/ /ŋ/ 

girl grade glass glade bag flag

village vegetable bridge gentleman gym

long song sing morning evening

8) l / ǀ/ 读音不同

listen learn language collect English gorilla

world cold soil tall sell cool animal

9) n /n/  /ŋ/ 
moon night noodle number

uncle hungry angry young

10) r/r/ /ǀ/（美语发音）

Right read write grade progress

card board door floor form north

11）y /j/ /ɪ/ /aɪ/

yellow year yell young yolk

university country pretty happy

dyke dying fly buy by my

12）ar /ɑ:/ /ə/ /ɔ:/

farm card garden mark

dollar

warm quarrel quarter

13) ea /i:/ /e/ /eɪ/ /ɪə/

cease season breathe feature meat please

bread breast breath meadow weather

great break

idea realize

14) ear /i:/ /ɪə/
learn earth earn heard

hear near clear ear fear

15) er /ɜ:/ /ə/ /ɪə/
deserve serve her person

teacher driver anger singer

serious experience mysterious fierce

16） ere /ɪə/ /eə/

here mere fere sere

there

17) ir /ɜ:/ /aɪ/

shirt girl skirt

admire desire

18) oo /U:/ /ʊ/ /ʌ/ /ɔ:/

room tool cool moon noon goof food

good foot stood wood wool cook wood book

blood flood

door floor

19) or /ɔ:/ /ɜ:/ /ə/

Short form corn born for

work world worm word worst

tractor doctor actor sector senior senator

20) oor /ɔ:/ /ʊə/
door floor

moor poor boor

21) our /ʊə/ /ɔ:/

hour tour flour bourn lour

pour court four mourn

22) ou /aʊ/ /ʌ/ /ə/

House mouth mouse sound found

enough trouble touch

delicious gracious prosperous

23) ow /əʊ/ /aʊ/

Window meadow know show low

Now town how down cow

24) se /z/  /s/

Nose suppose gose lose pose rose

Mouse house

25) th /θ//ð/

Thank think thought cloth
Clothes that this then than

26) sion /ʃn/ /ʒn/

Propulsion tension progression passion

protrusion provision conclusion television

27) tion /ʃn/ /tʃn/ (不常见)

Station nation translation attention

question

16、拼拼读读
[ i:] i:t mi:t pi:t ni:t
[ e ] et met pet net
[ p ] pi:t pet pen
[ b ] bi:t bet ben
[ t ] ti: ten det
[ d ] di: den ded
[ m ] mi:t met bi:m ti:m
[ n ] ni:t net bi:n ti:n
[ i:] i:t si:t mi:t bi:t
[ ei] eit seit meit beit
[ ei] leit meit beid pein
[ e ] let met bed pen
[ e ] let bet set det
[ ə ] letə betə setə detə
[ æ ] bæd mæt s mæn
[ e ] bed met sed men
[ i:] i:t mi:t si:t li:d
[ e ] et met set led
[ ei] eit meit beit leid
[ æ ] æt mæt bæt læd
[ l ] li:d let leim læp
[ n ] ni:d net neim næp
[ l ] mil si:l teil peil
[lə] ’milə ’si:lə ’teilə ’peilə
[ s ] æs les ni:s beis
[ z ] æz lez ni:z beiz
[ts] pæts bets si:ts meits
[dz] pædz bedz si:ds meids
[ i:] i:t si:t li:d bi:d
[ i ] it sit lid bid
[ i ] it bit did tʃik
[ e ] et bet ded tʃek
[ æ ] læm bæt mæs bæk
[ ai] laim bait mais baik
[ ai] aim mait pail lain
[ ei] eim meit peil lein
[ k ] pik bæk pek kein
[ g ] big bæg peg gein
[θ] θi:m θik ti:θ deθ
[ ð ] ðis ðen si:ð deið
[tʃ] tʃi:p tʃin eitʃ bætʃ
[dʒ] dʒi:p dʒin eidʒ bædʒ
[əʊ] kəʊt nəʊt kəʊp həʊp
[ ɔ ] kɔt nɔt kɔp hɔp
[ ɔ ] kɔt hɔt dɔk pɔk
[ a:] ka:t ha:t da:k pa:k
[ a:] pa:k la:k ba:k da:k
[ ai] paik laik baik daik
[ w ] wet went wail wain
[ v ] vet vent vail vain
[ r ] ri:d rait reit ridl
[ l ] li:d lait leit litl
[ j ] ji: ji:st ji:ld jet
[ i:] i: i:st i:l i:t
[ u:] fu:l ku:l tu:l gu:l
[ u ] kul kud tuk gus
[ ɔ ] pɔt lɔk kɔk bɔk
[ u ] put luk kuk buk
[ u:] du: nu:d ku:l nu:n
[ju:] dju: mju:t kju:t nju:z
[ ʌ ] hʌt nʌt lʌk dʌg
[ ɔ ] hɔt nɔt lɔk dɔg
[ ʌ ] kʌt hʌt lʌk mʌtʃ
[ ɑ:] kɑ:t hɑ:t lɑ:k mɑ:tʃ
[ n ] sin θin ræn dʌn
[ ŋ ] siŋ θiŋ ræŋ dʌŋ
[ ʃ ] ʃuk ʃip ʃʌt ʃæl
[ ʃ ] puʃ fiʃ rʌʃ læʃ
[ ʃ ] ʃi: ʃeim meʃ læʃ
[ s ] si: seim mes læs
[ θ] θik θæŋk bəʊθ
[ ð ] ðis ðæt beið
[ θ] θi:m θiŋk pa:θ
[ s ] si:m siŋk pa:s
[ ð ] ðen wið beið
[ z ] zed hiz beiz
[ ɔ:] kɔ:l pɔ:k ʃɔ:t lɔ:d
[ ɔ ] kɔk pɔt ʃɔp lɔk
[ aʊ] kaʊ laʊd ʃaʊt maʊθ
[ əʊ] kəʊt ləʊd ʃəʊd məʊst
[ s ] les ges beis
[ ts] lets gets beits
[ dz] si:dz ædz meidz
[ z ] si:z æz meiz
[ ə:] nə:s bə:d dʒə:m
[ əʊ] nəʊz bəʊt dʒəʊk
[ ə:] ʃə:t hə:t bə:n
[ ʌ ] ʃʌt hʌt bʌn
[ ɔ:] ʃɔ:t lɔ:n tɔ:n
[ ə:] ʃə:t lə:n tə:n
[ e ] ʃet len ten
[ ʊə] pʊə ʃʊə tʊə
[aʊə] ’paʊə ’ʃaʊə ’taʊə
[ v ] vi: və:s vain vəʊt
[ w ] wi: wə:k wai wəʊk
[ w ] wi:d wɔt weit wud
[ r ] ri:d rɔt reit rum
[ pl] pli:z pleis plæt plæn
[ bl] bli:d bleiz blæk blæŋk
[pr] praid prik pres prəʊz
[br] braid brik bred brəʊk
[kl-] klæʃ kla:s klaim kli:n
[gl-] glæd gla:s glaid gli:m
[ kr] krein kræb kri:m krəʊ
[ gr] grein græm gri:n grəʊ
[ ɔ:] kɔ:l nɔ:t rɔ:t fɔ:m
[ əʊ] kəʊl nəʊt rəʊt fəʊm
[ ei] meit beid leit peid
[ e ] met bed let pet
[ əʊ] həʊm səʊp tʃəʊz ʃəʊz
[ u:] hu:m su:p tʃu:z ʃu:z
[ æ ] kæt fæt læd bæd
[ ai] kait fait laid baid
[ v ] vet vain vein vest
[ w ] wet wain wein west
[ s ] sik si:m sɔ:t siŋ
[ θ] θik θi:m θɔ:t θiŋ
[ ð ] ðei ðen ðəʊz ðeə
[ d ] dei den dəʊz deə
[ ʃ ] ʃi: ʃip ʃel ʃeim
[ s ] si: sip sel seim
[ ts] lets reits hə:ts kɔ:ts
[ s ] les reis hə:s kɔ:s
[ dz] reidz bʌdz kɔ:dz pli:dz
[ z ] reid bʌz kɔ:z pli:z
[ n ] ni:d neim nəʊt nais
[ ǀ ] li:d leim ləʊt lais
[ r ] ri:d reim rəʊt rais
[ n ] pin sin bæn ræn
[ ŋ ] piŋ siŋ bæŋ ræŋ
[ŋk] piŋk siŋk bæŋk ræŋk
[tʃ]tʃi:p tʃu:z tʃein eitʃ
[dʒ]dʒi:p dʒu:s dʒein eidʒ
[tr] tri: trai tru: tril
[dr] dri:m drai dru: dril
[θr] θri: θraiv θru: θril
[ t]pa:t sit də:t pit
[ti]pa:ti siti də:ti piti