名词性从句考点分析.doc

名词性从句考点分析
考点一、引导词 what(ever)，that，which (ever) 等的区别
(一)连接代词或副词的选择，常可根据句意即可选出。
(二)引导名词性从句时，what充当主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分；that不作任何成分，而只在语法上起连接作用。
(三) which(ever) 引导名词性从句表示在一定的范围内加以选择；what(ever)没有一定的范围。
【考例1】
Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently. (2012北京)
A. why B. how C. that D. whether
【考例2】
It is not always easy for the public to see ______ use a new invention can be of to human life. (2011重庆)
A. whose B. what C. which D. that
【考例3】
______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. (2013江西)
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Wherever
考点二、引导词 whether 和 if 的区别
【考例】
We haven’t settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad. (2006江苏)
A. if B. where C. whether D. that　
whether与if的区别大致如下：
1. whether和if均可用来引导主语从句，但if引导的从句不能位于句首。
2. whether和if均可用来引导宾语从句，但当强调宾语从句并将其提前时只能用whether。如: Whether I have read the book or not, I can’t remember.
3. 引导介词宾语时只用whether不用if。
4. 引导表语从句用whether而不用if。
5. 引导同位语从句用whether而不用if。
6. 在动词不定式之前，只能用whether，不能用if。
7. if除了表示“是否”，还可以表示“如果”；而whether只能表示“是否”。
8. if和whether都可以与or not连用，但if与or not之间需用词语隔开，而whether则不受此限制。如: Please tell me whether or not you agree.
I don’t know whether/if he will come or not.
考点三、名词性从句的语序
【考例】
When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ______. (2010上海)
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
考点四、who / whoever, what / whatever等的区别
带有ever的连接代词/副词表任意性或随意性，意为“无论……”。
【考例】
We promise ______ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. (2012福建)
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
考点五、where，when，why, how等连接副词引导的名词性从句
where，when，why, how等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。
【考例】
Scientists study ______ human brains work to make computers. (2012四川)
A. when B. how C. that D. whether
考点六、it作形式主语或形式宾语
【考例】
Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ______ you have lived there for a short or a long time. (2012湖南)
A. why B. how C. whether D. when