unit1语法学案.doc

语法专题-----定语
1. 形容词作定语
他是一个诚实、勤勉的男孩。
He is an honest and hardworking boy.
1) 表语形容词作定语时须后置，如alive, asleep, awake等。
活着的人_____________________ 醒着的那个人______________________
2) 多个形容词的顺序为：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。 一座大而老的古桥_____________________________
3) present, proper, left作定语时后置。
所有在场的人_________________________________
4) 形容词修饰不定代词时须后置 必要的东西_______________________________
5) 复合形容词作定语时，连字符连接的名词必须是单数。
一座20米长的桥_______________________
2. 名词作定语
They are women pilots. 她们是女飞行员。
1) woman, man作定语时，当所修饰词为单数时，它们用单数；当所修饰词为复数时，它们用复数，但boy, girl一律用单数。
2) 名词作定语时，一般用单数，但某些常用复数的词，当它们用作定语时，也须用复数。如
____________武器生产 _____________ 服装商店 ______________________ 营业部
3) 代词作定语
_______________________ is worth considering. 他的建议值得考虑。
4) 数词作定语
The sun is 93,000,000 miles away. 太阳离我们九千三百万公里。
5) 副词作定语
She met me ______________________________.
她在回家的路上碰到我。
上面的窗户______________________
_____________________________外面的直升飞机
The students there are from France. 那边的学生来自法国。
介词短语作定语
We’ll have a report __________________________ on Sunday morning.
我们周日上午要听当今的形势报告。
不定式(短语)作定语
That’s the teaching plan _______________________________.
这就是供你讨论的那份教学计划。
不定式作定语表示将来的动作，且不定式作定语要后置；或者修饰其前有序数词的名词。
Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese____________________________________.
翟志刚是第一个在太空行走的中国人。
有许多问题要解决。(deal) _______________________________________________.
V-ing形式作定语
一颗冉冉升起的太阳 ________________________________
1) v-ing 作定语，一个词时放在名词前，短语作定语要后置。
住在隔壁的女人 ___________________________________
2) v-ing 式作定语表示主动或正在进行的动作。
一个在哭泣的孩子 ________________________
3) v-ing 式作定语表示名词的功能
拐杖______________________ 游泳池_______________
过去分词(短语)作定语
过去分词作定语表被动或已经完成的动作。
落叶__________________ 那辆被盗汽车__________________
开水__________________
____________________________ can never be found again. 失去的时间永远也找不回来。
从句作定语
China is a developing country, ____________________________________.
众所周知，中国一个发展中国家。
Exercise
1. He needs someone to _____________________________________. (help)
他需要人帮他工作。
2. He was the first person ____________________________________ at the meeting.
他是第一个在会上提出这个问题的人。
3. There was an old man ___________________________________.(stand)
有个老人正站在我旁边。
4. The school made three rules ________________________________ our daily life. (role)
学校制定了三条在我们的日常生活中将起重要作用的规则。
5. He wasn’t unconscious, ____________________________________his eyes. (judge)
从他的眼睛可以判断出来他并未失去知觉。
6. The meeting, ____________________________ over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 五千多人参加了欢迎这个伟大英雄的大会。
7. The question _______________________ at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.
明天在会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。
8. Listen! The song ________________ is very popular with the students. (song) Being sung
听！现在正唱着的这首歌在学生中非常流行。
9. The island, __________________________ the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. (join)
这个岛通过一座桥与大陆相连，去那儿很容易。
10. A bank is the place____________________ you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. (lend)
银行是天气好时借给你雨伞，开始下雨时把它要回来的地方。
11. This is the same book _________________________ last week. (lend)
这是他上星期借给我的那本书。
12. This is the same book __________________________ last week. (lend)
这是他上星期借给我的类书。
13. I have reached a point in my life __________________________ to make decisions of my own. (suppose)我已到了一生中自己应该作决定的时候了。
14. My mother was so proud of all ______________________ that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do)妈妈为我所做的一切而感到非常自豪，以至于让我去北京旅游作为奖励。
15. I’m very grateful to my high school teachers, ________________________ I wouldn’t be so excellent. (help)我很感激我的中学老师，没有他们的帮助我就不会这么优秀。
16. Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest__________________________________. (like)
武夷山是一个大家都喜欢参观的吸引人的名胜。
17. Learning strategies, to _______________________ importance, have not yet drawn enough attention of the students. (attach)老师们认为学习方法很重要，但并没有引起学生们的足够重视。
18. Global warming has become a serious problem, _____________________________ more attention. (pay)
全球变暖已成为一个严重的问题，我们应给予更多关注。
19. If you drive like that, you may find yourself in a situation _________________________ of the vehicle. (lose)
如果这样开车，你可能会发现自己处于失控的境地。
20. It was the village _______________________________ that I visited yesterday. (bring)
我昨天参观的正是我在那儿长大的那个村庄。
21. The days are gone ___________________________ to spend 40 years at a single company. (expect)
人们能够指望在一个公司工作40年的日子一去不复返了。
22. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, _________________________ their village homes for a better life in the city. (leave)
定居点是将近一千人的家园，他们许多人离开他们的村舍到城市里去寻求更好的生活。
必背句型
There is a ban on smoking in this theatre. 这戏院内不准吸烟。
One way to help them is to help them learn to help themselves.
帮助他们的方式之一就是帮他们学会自助。
Please! Do be quiet a moment. 请务必安静一下。
Jeans are not appropriate for a formal party. 正式的聚会上穿牛仔裤不合适。
You can’t rely on him for assistance. 你不能指望他的帮助。
用with+复合结构完成下列句子。
1. _______________________( 心存梦想) ， he went to Hollywood. With a dream in his heart
2. The boy came running towards us _______________________________ (手被绑在背后).
with his hands tied behind his back
4. ____________________ (没有可以燃烧的东西), the fire became weak and finally died out.
With nothing to burn
5. ______________________________（作业完成后), we went to play basketball.
With our homework over / finished
He tried his best to solve the problem, however / no matter how difficult it was.
无论多么困难，他尽最大努力解决问题。
Being constantly exposed to advertisements can help to change our opinions over
time．另一方面，经常处于广告包围中，我们的想法有可能随着时间的流逝而发生变化。
The school has very good teachers，but when it comes to buildings，the school looks poor.
这个学校拥有非常优秀的教师，但说到建筑，这个学校看上去很穷。
_____________________ having made a mistake. More importantly, we should try to settle the problem at hand.
后悔犯错已经没有用了,更重要的是，我们要解决将会出现的问题。
It is no use regretting
_____________________________ to educate students with patience. It is schools’ duty
耐心地教育学生，是学校的责任。
_________________________________ to live in harmony with our environment. It is everybody’s duty
与环境和谐共处，是每个人都应有的责任。
He is worthy of our praise. 他值得我们表扬。
It is worthwhile discussing/to discuss the problem. 这个问题值得讨论。
As is known to all of us,China is stronger and stronger. 众所周知，中国越来越强大。
However well prepared you are,you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
无论你准备得多好，在登山中你仍需要一些运气。
I can’t thank you enough (我怎么谢你也不过分) for what you helped me.
With the time going on (随着时间的流逝)，the computer developed very quickly.
_______________________(直到1972年) that the war finally came to an end. It was not until 1972
We should ___________________________________(呼吁公众节约能源).
appeal to the public to save energy
The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain. 婴儿被遗弃在风雨中。
It makes sense to make computer game ads that appeal to this group.
针对这个目标群体制作有吸引力的电脑游戏广告才是有意义的。
As usual, the teacher didn’t leave the dormitory until the lights went out.
像往常一样，直到熄了灯，老师才离开宿舍。
Companionship of Books

A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.

A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness; amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.

Men often discover their affinity to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, ‘Love me, love my dog.” But there is more wisdom in this:” Love me, love my book.” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.

A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world of a man’s life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters.

Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time have been to sift out the bad products; for nothing in literature can long survive e but what is really good.

Books introduce us into the best society; they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did; we see the as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a measure actors with them in the scenes which they describe.

The great and good do not die, even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which on still listens.

The management of computer network is really beyond my _______, but I can get useful information from it.
A. catch B. grasp C. snatch D. Grab
When asked about the murder last night, he wrote a smile all the way to appear calm, but the sweat on his forehead gave him _______.
A. out B. away C. up D. Off