情态动词.doc

部分情态动词讲解与练习（初二）一、 情态动词can.1. 表示能力：能，会=be able toShe can swim. = She is able to swim. I couldnt / wasnt able to dance in the past. - Can you speak Japanese? / Are you able to speak Japanese? - Yes, I can. (No, I cant.) / Yes, I am. (No, Im not.)2. 表示推测 （1）用于疑问句： Can it be true? 这是真的吗？ Where can he be? 他可能在哪儿呢？（2）用于否定句，“cant”意为“不可能”。 Shes in the library. She cant be at home. You _ learn English well without opening your mouth. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant3. 表示请求允许或表达许可 -Can I watch TV now? - Yes, you can. (No, you cant/mustnt) -Could/Can I try them on? -Yes, of course/you can. Dont play football in the street. = You _ play football in the street. “cant”表示不同意时，意为“不可以，不能”，语气强时还可以用“mustnt”.二、 情态动词may1. 表示请求允许或表达许可（1）-May I park my car here? -Yes, you may. ( 表示许可) No, you cant/ mustnt.（表示不同意） (2) -May I open the window? -Yes, you may. / Yes, please. / No, please dont. Its cold outside. (3) -May I come in? -Yes. Come in, please.(4) -May I use your ruler? - Sure, here you are. / Sorry, Im using it.(5) - May I speak to Alice? 我找Alice接电话。 -Just a minute./ Wait a moment. 请稍等。 Speaking. / Yes, speaking. This is Alice here.说吧，我就是。 Is that Jack speaking? 是Jack吗？ Hold on, please.请别挂断。 Sorry, she is out. 对不起，她出去了。 Sorry, there is no Alice here. 对不起，这里没有Alice这个人。2. 表示推测， 意为“可能，也许”。(1) He may know it. = Maybe he knows it. 他也许知道这件事。(2) This book _ _ Helens. = Maybe this book _ Helens.这本书也许是海伦的。(3) 今晚可能有一场电影。There _ _ a film this evening. =_ there _ _ a film this evening.(今晚有一场电影。There will be / is going to be a film this evening.)三、 情态动词must1. must 必须,(1.) You must finish the work today.你今天必须完成这项工作。（强调说话人的主观意志）Ill have to water the young trees tomorrow.我明天得给那些幼树浇水。（强调客观需要）(2.) -Must I clean the room now? -Yes, you must. (No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to.) -Must she go right now? -Yes, she must. (No, she neednt. / No, she doesnt have to.)选择：( )-Must I answer the question in English? -No, you dont _. You _ answer it in Chinese. A. have to, must B. must, can C. have to, may2. mustnt 表示禁止，不允许，不可以，语气很强。(语气弱时可用cant)You mustnt talk in class.你不该上课讲话。We mustnt play football in the street.我们不应该在街上踢球。你不能在红灯亮时横穿马路。You _ cross the street when the lights are red.3. must 还可以表示推测：一定，准是。She must have some pocket money.她一定有些零花钱。He must be at home.他一定在家。You must be hungry after the long walk.走了那么长的路，你一定饿了。四、 need1. 名词 Were willing to help the people in need. A friend in need is a friend indeed.2. need sth./sb.行为动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。 She needs a pen. - Do you need a pen? -Yes, I do. He doesnt need a pen.3. need to do sth. 行为动词 He needs to water the garden. You dont need to clean the room.4. need sth. /sb.to do sth 行为动词 Do you need a room to live in. She needs you to help her.5. need doing sth = need to be done行为动词My bike is broken. It needs repairing= It needs to be repaired.我的自行车坏了，需要修。My hair needs cutting / to be cut.我头发要理。The walls need painting / to be painted. 6. need do sth .情态动词，无人称、数和时态的变化。 You neednt finish your homework today. You can finish it tomorrow. 2