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【优化指导】2013高考英语总复习 语法突破 第1讲 冠词与名词感悟高考 北师大版
1.(2011全国高考)It is generally accepted that______ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.
A.a;a B.a;the
C.the;the D.a;不填
解析:考查冠词。句意:人们普遍认为,男孩子就该学会站起来,像男人一样去战斗。boy和man均为可数名词,在句中都表泛指,故前面应该用不定冠词。
A
2.(2011全国高考)As he reached ______ front door,Jack saw ______ strange sight.
A.the;不填 B.a;the
C.不填;a D.the;a
解析:考查冠词的用法。句意:当杰克到达前门的时候,他看到一幕奇怪的景象。第一空处是特指前门,加定冠词;第二空处sight在此是单数可数名词,意为“景象,情景”,表泛指,应用不定冠词。
答案:D
3.(2011山东高考)Take your time—it’s just ______ short distance from here to ______ restaurant.
A.不填;the B.a;the
C.the;a D.不填;a
解析:考查冠词用法。句意:别着急——从这里到餐馆只有很短的一段距离。第一空处用不定冠词a,泛指一段距离;restaurant此处是特指,所以第二空用定冠词。
答案:B
4.(2011江西高考)—It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 ______ year.
—Right,he will also get paid by ______ week.
A.the;the B.a;the
C.the;a D.a;a
解析:考查冠词的用法。句意:——据说约翰将获得一个年薪超过六万美元的工作。——是的,他的工资将按周支付。year为单数名词,与不定冠词连用意为“every year”。而第二个空考查搭配“by+the+表单位的名词”,意为“论/按……”。
答案:B
5.(2011陕西高考)As is known to all,______ People’s Republic of China is ______ biggest developing country in the world.
A.the;不填 B.不填;the
C.the;the D.不填;不填
解析:考查冠词。句意:众所周知,中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。People’s Republic of China“中华人民共和国”是由普通名词构成的专有名词,前面通常用定冠词;第二空后是形容词的最高级形式,故用定冠词。
答案:C
6.(2011浙江高考)Experts think that ______ recently discovered painting may be ______ Picasso.
A.the;不填 B.a;the
C.a;不填 D.the;a
解析:考查冠词的用法。句意:专家们认为最近发现的那幅油画可能是毕加索的画。第一空特指“最近所发现的那幅画”,故用定冠词;第二空泛指“毕加索的一幅画”,故用不定冠词。
答案:D
7.(2011重庆高考)In communication,a smile is usually ______ strong sign of a friendly and ______ open attitude.
A.the;/ B.a;an
C.a;/ D.the;an
解析:考查冠词用法。句意:在交流方面,微笑通常是友好坦诚态度的明显标志。第一空后的sign为可数名词,在本句中表泛指,故用不定冠词;第二空前的并列连词and连接friendly和open,修饰attitude,friendly前已经有了不定冠词,故第二空不需要再加冠词。
答案:C
8.(2011四川高考)Dr.Peter Spence,______ headmaster of the school,told us,“______ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”
A./;A B./;The
C.the;The D.a;A
解析:考查冠词。句意:这所学校的校长Peter Spence博士告诉我们:“这里的学生五分之一都继续到牛津或者剑桥学习。”第一空后的名词headmaster是职务的称呼,其前不加冠词;第二空是分数的表达,用a/one fifth表示“五分之一”。
答案:A
9.(2010山东高考)If we sit near ______ front of the bus,we’ll have ______ better view.
A.不填;the B.不填;a
C.the;a D.the;the
解析:句意:如果我们坐在公共汽车前部,视野就会更好些。the front of表示某物体内部的前面,比较级前加不定冠词表示“更……”。
答案:C
10.(2010北京高考)First impressions are the most lasting.After all,you never get ______ second chance to make ______ first impression.
A.a;the B.the;the
C.a;a D.the;a
解析:句意:第一印象最持久。毕竟,你不会再有机会去留下第一印象。第一空后有second,在此表示再一次机会,而不是表顺序,应用不定冠词;根据题意尤其是题干中的“First impressions”可知第二空后的impression在此处是可数名词,且在本句中表泛指。单数名词表泛指时,须与不定冠词连用。
答案:C
11.(2011江西高考)What’s the ______,in your opinion,of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?
A.sympathy B.theme
C.object D.point
解析:句意:在你看来,如果他不努力帮助自己,我们帮他又有什么意义呢?the point of doing sth.“做某事的意义”,为固定结构。
答案:D
12.(2011福建高考)The lack of ecofriendly habits among the public is thought to be a major ______ of global climate change.
A.result B.cause
C.warning D.reflection
13.(2011四川高考)Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s ______.
A.touch B.sight
C.reach D.distance
解析:考查名词辨析。句意:切记把刀等危险的东西放在孩子们够不到的地方。这里用固定短语out of one’s reach表示“在某人够不着的地方”。out of touch不再了解,不懂得;out of sight看不见;out of distance离……太远,达不到。
答案:C
14.(2011湖北高考)“Tommy,run!Be quick!The house is on fire!”the mother shouted,with ______ clearly in her voice.
A.anger B.rudeness
C.regret D.panic
解析:考查名词辨析。句意:“汤米,快跑!快点!房子着火了!”妈妈大声喊叫道。她的声音里显然带着恐慌。房间着火了,妈妈叫孩子赶紧跑出去,从这些信息看,本空应选D项,表示“恐慌,惊恐”。A.“愤怒”;B.“粗鲁,粗暴”;C.“懊悔,遗憾,抱歉”,都不符合句意。
答案:D
15.(2011湖北高考)Giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big ______,but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
A.project B.commitment
C.competition D.ambition
解析:考查名词辨析。句意:放弃自己的工作,回到学校接受全日制的教育,这是一项重大的决定,但现在我知道了,这是我作出的最好的决定。四个名词选项的主要含义:A.“方案,项目,工程”;B.“承诺,允诺,保证”;C.“竞争,竞赛”;D.“雄心,野心”。
答案:B
16.(2011浙江高考)Anyway,I can’t cheat him—it’s against all my ______.
A.emotions B.principles
C.regulations D.opinions
解析:考查名词辨析。句意:无论如何我都不能欺骗他——这违背我做人的原则。principle常用复数形式,意为“(行为的)准则、规范”。如:principles of conduct行为的准则。emotion情感,情绪;regulation规章,规则;opinion意见,看法,主张。
答案:B
17.(2011江苏高考)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ______.
A.consequence B.independence
C.competence D.intelligence
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