高中英语语法动词不定式教学文案.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动词不定式及其用法,Grammar,一 动词不定式,动词不定式由“,to,+动词原形,”构成，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等,但,不能作谓语,。,动词不定式,To do that sort of thing,is foolish。,I want,to see you this evening.,All you have to do is,to finish it quickly.,We found a house,to live in,.,She came here,to study English,.,I warned the patient not,to eat cold water,after the operation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,作主语,To master a foreign language,is really important nowadays.,To give up smoking,is right.,1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。,2.放弃吸烟是对的。,作宾语,Fred didnt have any money,so he decided,to look for a job,.,He promised not,to tell anyone about it.,1.Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。,2.他答应不告述任何人这事。,afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,guarantee,hate,help,hope,hurry,intend,learn,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish,The following verbs are normally followed by the infinitive,.,Remember,!,The following verbs are normally followed by v-ing.,avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,endure,enjoy,escape,forgive,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,pardon,prevent,resist,suggest,understand,cant help,Remember them!,作表语,My job is,to teach English,.,To see is,to believe.,1.我的工作是教英语。,2.眼见为实。,作定语,Do you have anything,to say,?,1.你有什么要说的吗?,2.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人,Betty was the first,to know the truth,It seems that he has no pen _.A.to write B.to write with C.writing D.writing with,注意,如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，,其后应加上必要的介词,Eg.,He is a pleasant person to work with.,不定式作定语，往往表示将要发生的动作,。,I have a lot of work,to do,.,The meeting,to be held,tomorrow is very important.,注意,作状语,He spoke loudly,(so as/in order)to be heard,.,They jumped with joy,to hear the news,.,Im too tired,to walk,any further tonight.,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,目的状语:,常用的结构to do;in order to do,so as to do,so/such as to do,etc.,I come here,to say,good-bye to you.,结果状语:,常与,only,enough 或too连用。,He studied hard,only,to fail,the exam.,He is old enough,to go,to school.,原因状语,:,一般用在句尾,Im glad to see you.,She wept to see the sight,.,作宾补,She asked me,to stay there,.,1.她叫我呆在这儿。,2.请允许我介绍Mr.White给你们。,Please allow me,to introduce Mr.White to you.,1)带,to,的不定式作,宾补,。很多动词如:,allow,order,force,permit,tell,want,wish,forbid,advise,persuade,warn,等后面作,宾补,的不定式,都带to,。,如:He didnt,allow,us,to smoke,in his house.他不允许我们在他的家里吸烟。,2),不带to,的不定式,作宾补,。使役动词,make,have,let,;感官动词,see,watch,observe,hear,listen to,notice,等后面,作宾补的不定式不带to,。,如:He made a face and,made,everybody laugh.他做了一个鬼脸,逗得大家都笑了。,如果上述结构变为被动语态,不定式就由原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语,此时第2类动词(,let,have,无被动语态)后原来不带to的不定式要加,to,。,如:I saw him go upstairs.,He was,seen to go,upstairs.,有人看见他上楼去了。,Be careful!,注意,:,动词不定式的时态,1.,He seems,to know this,.,2.I hope,to see,you next week.,.,一般式,(to do),.,不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）与句子谓语的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。,.进行式(to be doing),1.He pretended,to be working,when I came in.,2.He seems,to be thinking,deeply,without noticing me passing him.,表示谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。,动词不定式的时态,动词不定式的时态,.完成式（to have done),1.I am sorry,to have kept,you waiting so long.,2.You seemed,to have read,the novel,written,by Mr.Smith.,不定式的动作发生在谓语表示的动作之前。,动词不定式的语态,.主动式(,to do,/,to be doing,/,to have done,),1.We want,to learn,English well.,2.Robert is said_abroad,but I didnt know what country he studied in.,to have studied B.to study,C.made D.to make,当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时.,动词不定式的语态,.被动式(,to be done,/,to have been done,),1.He didnt like,to be laughed at.,2.He claimed _in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.,being badly treated B.treating badly,C.,to be treated badly,D.to have been badly treated.,当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.,注意,A,.动词不定式的否定式只须在,to 前加 not.,My father decided,not,to take up,the job.,The teacher told us,not,to be late,again.,否定副词,not,never,seldom,hardly 等要置于to,前,My mother told me never to do it again.,注意,B,.动词不定式之后可加,疑问词，通常做主语，宾语,。,Mr.Lin will teach us,how to use,the computer.,Can you tell me,where to get,the book?,注意,C,.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去,to 后面,的动词，只,保留to,。,A:Would you like to come to my party?,Mary wanted to use my bike,but I asked her not,to,(use my bike).,B:Yes,Id love,to,(come to your party).,Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。,1.The light in the office is still on.,-Oh,I forgot,.,A.turning it off B.turn it off C.having turned it off D.to turn it off,2.She cant help _the house because shes busy making a cake.,A.to clean B.cleaning C.Cleaned D.being c leaned,练习,3.Not everybody has the ability,in public.,A.of speak B.speaking,C.spoken D.to speak,4.Mary is always the first student,to answer the teachers questions in class.,A.rising B.to rise C.rose D.risen,5.Mum,why do you always ask me to eat an egg every day?,-_ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.,A.Get B.Getting,C.To get D.To be getting,6.Would you be so kind as,us out?-With pleasure.,A.helping B.in helping,C.help D.to help,7 The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.,A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating,8.We agreed _ here,but so far she hasnt turned out yet.,A.having met B.meeting,C.to meet D.to have met,9.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.,A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning,10,.,Wet umbrellas are not allowed,into this hotel according to the rule.,A.to be taken B.to take C.taken D.taking,11.Robert is said _ abroad,but I didnt know what country he studied in.,A to have studied B to study,C to be studying D to have been studying,高考链接,1.,I like getting up very early in,summer.The morning air is so,good _.,(,2008,全国,I,卷),A.,to be breathed,B.to breathe,C.breathing,D.being breathed,B,2,.Did the book give the information you,needed?,Yes.But _ it,I had to read the,entire book.(2008,北京卷),A.,to find B.find,C.to finding D.finding,3.I feel greatly honored _ into their society.,(,2008,北京卷),A.,to welcome B.welcoming,C.to be welcomed D.welcomed,A,C,4,._ the project as planned,well have,to work two more hours a day.,(,2008,湖南卷),A.Completing B.Complete,C.Completed D.To complete,5.If there is a lot of work _,Im happy to,just keep on until it is finished.,(2008,上海卷,)A.to do B.to be doing,C.done D.doing,D,A,6.When asked why he went there,he,said he was sent there _ for a,space flight.(07江西卷),A.training B.being trained,C.to have trainedD.to be trained,7.The children talked so loudly at dinner,table that I had to struggle _.,(07浙江卷),A.to be heard B.to have heard,C.hearing D.being heard,D,A,Translation,1.I forgot,to ask,you,to go,to the community service centre.,2.It is very important,to turn off,the electricity before you check the machine.,3.I dont know where,to find,such a kind of button.,4.Luckily,we dont have much more work,to do.,5.Helen is very pleased,to have been,to more than 20 provinces and cities in China.,6.She has been very successful in her work,and now her greatest wish is,to get married,and have some children.,Thank You!,