【课堂新坐标】2013届高三英语一轮复习课时知能训练-新人教版必修5(广东专用).doc

课时知能训练

Ⅰ.完形填空
(2012·茂名模拟)A true story points to a universal truth about human beings，we learn best by watching how others behave.
President Calvin Coolidge once invited friends from his __1__to dine with him at the White House.__2__of their table manners，the guests decided to imitate the president.They watched __3__to see which utensils(器皿) he used，what foods he ate and when.
Their strategy seemed to succeed until coffee was __4__.Coolidge poured some coffee into his saucer.They did the same.He __5__sugar and cream.His guests did too.Then the president __6__and put his saucer on the floor for the cat!
Like Coolidge's hometown guests，we，too，seem to learn best by __7__.Kids learn by observing parents when they are young and by __8__their friends as they grow older.In fact，parents should probably be less __9__about whether their children are paying attention to them and more worried about the fact that their kids are always watching.
They tell us that __10__learn in much the same way.If you're struggling with your computer or want to learn to drive a car，you will be more __11__if you have someone show you how to do it.You can always read the operator's handbook and try to figure everything out yourself，but you will learn best by watching others and asking questions.
What if you want to become more __12__，to organize your life，to be a better parent or to get along better with others? Again，we're told that the best way to learn these skills and __13__is to find somebody who already is confident，or who is an effective parent or who has healthy attitudes and then learn the qualities you want to adopt.It is the easiest and quickest way to __14__your life.
Just about any personality trait(个性品质) or skill can be __15__：simply find it in someone you know and copy it.Then watch what happens.
1． A.department　　　　　　　　B．administration
C．hometown D．office
【解析】　考查上下文语境。根据第四段第一句话“Like Coolidge's hometown guests”可知选C。
【答案】　C
2． A.Unsure B．Ashamed
C．Unaware D．Informed
【解析】　考查形容词辨析。客人们决定模仿总统是因为不确定他们的就餐礼仪是否正确。be unsure of意为“对……不确定”；be ashamed of意为“为……感到羞愧”；be unaware of意为“没有意识到”；be informed of意为“被告知……”。
【答案】　A
3． A.cautiously B．hopefully
C．closely D．curiously
【解析】　考查副词辨析。根据上文中“imitate the president”可知，要模仿总统就餐礼仪就必须密切地观察。A项意为“谨慎地，小心地”；B项意为“有希望地”；C项意为“密切地，仔细地”；D项意为“好奇地”。
【答案】　C
4． A.finished B．served
C．boiled D．drunk
【解析】　考查动词辨析。serve意为“提供，端上”；finish意为“完成”；boil意为“煮”；drink意为“饮用”。句意：直到咖啡被端上来他们的策略似乎成功了。
【答案】　B
5． A.enjoyed B．poured
C．tasted D．added
【解析】　考查动词辨析。根据常识可知，喝咖啡通常要加糖或奶油，故选D。add意为“添加”。
【答案】　D
6． A.bent over B．ran away
C．hid away D．stood straight
【解析】　考查动词短语辨析。bend over意为“弯腰”；run away意为“逃离”；hide away意为“隐藏，躲藏”；stand straight意为“站直”。选A项更能显示总统优雅的就餐礼仪。
【答案】　A
7． A.imagination B．imitation
C．introduction D．recommendation
【解析】　考查名词辨析。根据“Like Coolidge's hometown guests.“及上文第二段第二句话中的“the guests decided to imitate the president”可知，我们也似乎通过模仿别人而学得更好。A项意为“想象”；B项意为“模仿”；C项意为“介绍”；D项意为“推荐，建议”。
【答案】　B
8． A.showing B．directing
C．caring D．copying
【解析】　考查动词辨析。根据上文“by observing”可知空格处所填词应与observe并列且意思相近，copy意为“复制，拷贝”，符合语境。
【答案】　D
9． A.excited B．concerned
C．crazy D．angry
【解析】　考查固定短语。be concerned about意为“关心”；be excited about意为“因……而兴奋”；be crazy about意为“对……疯狂”；be angry about意为“为……而生气”。句意：父母可能很少关心他们的孩子是否在注意着他们。
【答案】　B
10． A.kids B．adults
C．drivers D．operators
【解析】　考查名词辨析。根据上一段提到小孩可以通过模仿学得更好，且根据本段提到学开车时的模仿可知，本段应该指成年人学会模仿也会表现得更好。
【答案】　B
11． A.grateful B．successful
C．satisfied D．enthusiastic
【解析】　考查形容词辨析。根据本段最后一句话“...but you will learn best by watching others and asking questions.”可知，如果你学开车时，有人给你展示如何去做你将会学得更好更成功。
【答案】　B
12． A.self­confident B．self­content
C．self­giving D．self­respecting
【解析】　考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“to find somebody who already is confident”可知选A。
【答案】　A
13． A.theories B．regulations
C．measures D．attitudes
【解析】　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“who has healthy attitudes”可知选D。
【答案】　D
14． A.shape B．save
C．survive D．lengthen
【解析】　考查动词辨析。找到一个自信或有效率的父母或对生活持积极态度的人，然后学习他们身上一些好的品质，这有助于重新塑造你的生活。shape意为“塑造”，符合语境。
【答案】　A
15． A.recognized B．appreciated
C．learned D．recorded
【解析】　考查动词辨析。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句话中的“learn the qualities”及第四、五段第一句话可知，任何个性品质或技能都能学会。
【答案】　C
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2012·湛江检测)In the international business there is always a great need for creative talents.On the other hand creative people are also searching for areas 1.________ they can put their talents to use.A talent to be noticed nowadays is much 2.________(easy) than it used to be in the old times.In the early days，for example，if one wanted to be a singer，he or she had to have a great amount of talent in singing.That was the only way they could promote 3.________ and be recognized.Now sources like the Internet help a great deal in promoting oneself.The Internet is like a global village.4.________ (seat) in your home you are capable 5.________ finding a lot of sources.People with 6.________ (vary) of talents can be recognized through the Internet.7.________，the Internet is 8.________ opportunity to put forward one's talents，creativity，and powers in order to be noticed.Keeping in mind 9.________ a talent unexposed is the talent unfound.Now we are lucky enough to show our 10.________ (hide) talents，without trying very hard and just by sitting at home.
【答案】　1.where　考查定语从句的关系词。areas之后为限制性定语从句，先行词为areas，定语从句缺少状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。
2．easier　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据than可知，本空用easy的比较级形式easier。
3．themselves　考查反身代词。根据下一句中的“promoting oneself”及主语“they”可知用themselves。
4．Seated　考查非谓语动词。seat为及物动词，be seated/seat oneself意为“就座，坐着”。本句话中seat与逻辑主语you之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词seated。
5．of　考查固定搭配。be capable of为固定短语，意为“能够”。
6．varieties　考查固定短语用法。a variety of/varieties of为固定短语，意为“各种各样的”。
7．Thus/Therefore/So　考查连词。分析上下文语境可知，前后两句之间为因果关系，故用Thus/Therefore/So。
8．an　考查冠词的用法。opportunity是以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an，这里表示泛指“一个机会”。
9．that　考查名词性从句连接词的选用。mind之后部分为宾语从句，用that引导这个宾语从句。keep in mind that...意为“记住……”。
10．hidden　考查非谓语动词。talents与hide之间为被动关系，故用过去分词hidden作定语。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Arthur Miller(1915－2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria­Hungary，drawn like so many others by the “Great American Dream”．However，he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.
Miller's most famous play，Death of a Salesman，is a powerful attack on the American system，with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.In Willy Loman，the hero of the play，we see a man who has got into trouble with this system.Willy is “burnt out”and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment：if he can't do the work，then he is no good to his employer，the Wagner Company，and he must go.Willy is painfully aware of this，and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.
When it was first staged in 1949，the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews，and it won the Tony Award for Best Play，the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award，and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.
Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury，Connecticut，on the evening of February 10,2005，the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了美国著名剧作家阿瑟·米勒的生平及其代表作品《推销员之死》。
1．Why did Arthur Miller's father move to the USA?
A．He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.
B．He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”．
C．He hoped to make his son a dramatist.
D．His family business falled.
【解析】　细节理解题。由第一段中的Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria­Hungary，drawn like so many others by the“Great American Dream”．可知，米勒的父亲搬到美国去是被“伟大的美国梦”所吸引，故选B。
【答案】　B
2．The play Death of a Salesman________.
A．exposes the cruelty of the American business world
B．discusses the ways to get promoted in a company
C．talks about the business career of Arthur Miller
D．focuses on the skills in doing business
【解析】　细节理解题。由第二段第一句Miller's most famous play，Death of a Salesman，is a powerful attack on the American system，with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.可知，《推销员之死》揭露了美国商业社会的残酷，故选A。
【答案】　A
3．What can we learn about Willy Loman?
A．He treats his employer badly.
B．He runs the Wagner Company.
C．He is a victim of the American system.
D．He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.
【解析】　推理判断题。由第二段中的．..if he can't do the work，then he is no good to his employer，the Wagner Company，and he must go...in the end.可推知，Willy Loman是美国社会制度的牺牲品，
【答案】　C
4．After it was first staged，Death of a Salesman________.
A．achieved huge success
B．won the first Tony Award
C．was warmly welcomed by salesmen
D．was severely attacked by dramatists
【解析】　细节理解题。由第三段第一句When it was first staged in 1949...the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.可知，这部戏剧获得了巨大的成功，故选A。B项错误在于不是赢得了第一个Tony Award。
【答案】　A
5．What is the text mainly about?
A．Arthur Miller and his family.
B．The awards Arthur Miller won.
C．The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.
D．Arthur Miller and his best­known play.
【解析】　主旨大意题。综合整篇文章可知，本文主要介绍了阿瑟·米勒的生平及其代表作品。
【答案】　D
B
An old problem is getting new attention in the United States—bullying.Recent cases included the tragic ease of a 15­year­old girl whose family moved from Ireland.She hanged herself in Massachusetts following months of bullying.Her parents criticized her school for failing to protect her.Officials have brought criminal charges against several teenagers.
Judy Kuczynski is president of an anti­bullying group called Bully PoliceUSA.Her daughter Tina was also the victim of severe bullying starting in middle school in the state of Minnesota.He said，“Our daughter was a very outgoing child.She was involved in all kinds of things and had lots of friends.And over a period of time her grades fell completely.She started having health issues.She couldn't sleep.She wasn't eating.She had terrible stomach pains.She didn't want to go to school.”
Bullying is defined as negative behavior repeated over time against the same person.It can involve physical violence，or it can be verbal—for example，insults or threats.Spreading lies about someone or excluding a person from a group is known as social or relational bullying.
And now there is cyberbullying，which uses the Internet，e­mail or text messages.It has easy appeal for the bully because it does not involve face­to­face contact and it can be done at any time.
The first serious research studies into bullying were done in Norway in the late 1970s.The latest government study in the United States was released last year.It found that about one­third of students aged 12 to 18 were bullied at school.
Susan Swearer is a psychologist at the University of Nebraska Lincoln and co­director of the Bullying Research Network.She says schools should treat bullying as a mental health problem to get bullies and victims the help they need.She says bullying is connected to depression，anxiety and anti­social be­havior and bullies are often victims themselves.
6．From the case of Tina，we can know that________.
A．bullying is rare
B．victims suffered a lot
C．schools are to blame
D．personalities are related
【解析】　细节理解题。根据第二段的描述，可知Tina在深受身心的痛苦。
【答案】　B
7．Which of the following is NOT bullying?
A．To beat someone repeatedly.
B．To call someone names.
C．To isolate someone from friends.
D．To refuse to help someone in need.
【解析】　细节理解题。根据第三段的描述可知bullying应包括暴力、辱骂以及孤立某学生等行为，不包含D项。
【答案】　D
8．Why is cyberbullying appealing to the bully?
A．Because it can involve more people.
B．Because it can create worse effects.
C．Because it is more convenient.
D．Because it can avoid cheating.
【解析】　细节理解题。根据第四段中的描述可知答案。
【答案】　C
9．According to Susan Swearer，________.
A．bullies are anti­social
B．bullies should give victims help
C．students are not equally treated
D．bullies themselves also need help
【解析】　细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段中的最后一句可知：这些欺辱弱小学生的学生本身也是受害者。因此，答案为D。
【答案】　D
10．Which of the following can be the BEST title of the text?
A．Bullying—Old Problem Getting New Attention
B．15­Year­Old Irish Girl Committed Suicide
C．Cyberbullying—Taking off in Schools
D．How to Find Bullying among Teens
【解析】　主旨大意题。既然文章为新闻报道，那么第一句话一般为导语，反映全文的主题，因此可得出答案。
【答案】　A
11．用30个词左右概括文章大意
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
【答案】　Bullying，an old problem at school，has caused depression，anxiety and even death to students，which is getting new attention in the United States.

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