山东省胶州市2014高考英语文章阅读类训练(9).doc

胶州市2014高考英语文章阅读类训练（9）及答案或解析
阅读理解----A
The Child Ego State
The Child ego state is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings which are replayed from our own childhood.
Perhaps the boss calls us into his or her office, we may immediately get a churning in our stomach and wonder what we have done wrong. If this were explored we might remember the time the head teacher called us in to tell us off. Of course, not everything in the Child ego state is negative. We might go into someone’s house and smell a lovely smell and remember our grandmother’s house when we were little, and all the same warm feelings we had at six years of age may come flooding back.
The Child ego states are constantly being updated. For example, we may meet someone who gives us the permission we needed as a child, and did not get, to be fun and joyous. We may well use that person in our imagination when we are stressed to resist our old ways of thinking that we must work longer and longer hours to keep up with everything. We might ask ourselves “I wonder what X would say now.” Then on hearing the new permissions to relax and take some time out, do just that and then return to the work renewed and ready for the challenge. Afterwards, rather than blaming ourselves for what we did or did not do, what tends to happen is that we automatically start to give ourselves new permissions and take care of ourselves.
Alternatively, we might have had an extremely unpleasant experience yesterday which goes into the Child ego state as an antique memory that stands in the way of our growth. Positive experiences will also go into the Child ego state as antique memories. The positive experiences can then be drawn on to remind us that positive things do happen.
The process of analyzing personality in terms of ego states is called structural analysis. It is important to remember that ego states do not have an existence of their own. They are concepts to enable understanding. Therefore it is important to say “I want some fun” rather than “My Child wants some fun.” We may be in our Child ego state when we say this, but saying “I” reminds us to take responsibility for our actions.
1. The writer uses two examples in Paragraph 2 in order to _____.
A. support the idea in Paragraph 1 B. explain why we become nervous
C. prove the Child ego state is negative D. introduce the point of Paragraph 3
2. By asking “I wonder what X would say now”, we intend to __________.
A. blame ourselves B. accept challenges
C. keep up with everything D. avoid stress
3. According to the passage, the Child ego state __________.
A. shows one’s wisdom B. influences one’s actions
C. limits one’s thoughts D. exists in one’s childhood
4. The underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refers to __________.
A. structural analysis B. “My Child wants some fun”
C. the Child ego state D. “I want some fun”

参考答案 1---4. ADBD
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A
Bobby Moresco grew up in New York’s Hell’s Kitchen, a tough working-class neighborhood on Manhattan’s West Side. But Hell’s Kitchen lies right next door to Broadway, and the bright lights attracted Bobby from the time he was a teen. Being stage-struck was hardly what a street kid could admit to his partners. Fearing their ridicule, he told no one, not even his girlfriend, when he started taking acting lessons at age 17. If you were a kid from the neighborhood, you became a cop, construction worker, longshoreman or criminal. Not an actor.
Moresco struggled to make that long walk a few blocks east. He studied acting, turned out for all the cattle calls, and during the decade of the 1970s made a total of $2,000. “I wasn’t a good actor, but I had a driving need to do something different with my life,” he says.
He moved to Hollywood, where he drove a cab and worked as a bartender(酒保). “My father said, ‘Stop this craziness and get a job; you have a wife and daughter.’’’ But Moresco kept working at his chosen craft.
Then in 1983 his younger brother Thomas was murdered in a mob-linked killing. Moresco moved back to his old neighborhood and started writing as a way to explore the pain and the patrimony（继承物）of Hell’s Kitchen. Half-Deserted Streets, based on his brother’s killing, opened at a small Off-Broadway theater in 1988. A Hollywood producer saw it and asked him to work on a screenplay.
His reputation grew, and he got enough assignments to move back to Hollywood. By 2003, he was again out of work and out of cash when he got a call from Paul Haggis, a director who had befriended him. Haggis wanted help writing a film about the country after September 11. The two worked on the writing, but every studio in town turned it down. They kept pitching it. Studio executives, however, thought no one wanted to see a severe, honest vision of race and fear and lives in collision(冲突、碰撞) in modern America.
Moresco believed so strongly in the script that he borrowed money, sold his house. He and Haggis kept pushing. At last the writers found an independent film producer who would take a chance, but the upfront money was too little, Moresco delayed his salary.
Crash slipped into the theaters in May 2005, and quietly became both a hit and a critical success. It was nominated for six Academy Awards and won three---Best Picture, Best Film Editing and Best Writing (Original Screenplay) by Paul Haggis and the kid from Hell’s Kitchen.
At age 54, Bobby Moresco became an overnight success. “If you have something you want to do in life, don’t think about the problems,” he says, “think about other ways to get it done.”
10. Rearrange the following statements in term of time order:
a. His work Half-Deserted Streets drew attention as it opened at a small Off-Broadway theater.
b. Unexpectedly Crash became both a hit and a huge success.
c. He moved to Hollywood to be a taxi driver and a waiter.
d. He started to learn acting in spite of hardness with the belief of doing something different.
e. His younger brother Thomas was killed in conflict among bullies.
A. d; c; e; a; b      B. d; e; c; b; a    C. c; d; e; a; b    D. c; e; d; b; a 
11. Why Bobby Moresco did not tell anyone that he started taking lessons at age 17?
A. He wanted to give his girlfriend a surprise.
B. His girlfriend did not allow him to do this.
C. He was afraid of being laughed at.
D. He had no talent for acting.
12. The Studio executives turned the script Crash down because ______.
A. they thought the script would not be popular
B. the script was not well written]
C. they had no money to make the film based on the script.
D. they thought Moresco was not famous.
13. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. The Road to Success]
B. Try It a Different Way
C. A Talented man---Moresco
D. Moresco’s Perseverance
14. Which of the following can best describe Bobby Moresco?
A. initiative(主动的) and persistent(坚持的)
B. shy but hardworking
C. caring and brave
D. aggressive and modest

参考答案啊 ACABA
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链接1（2012全国卷1）
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning , which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试)increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overleaming explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning. on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.
67. Who is the main idea of paragraph I?
A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups.
C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D. Stories for children arc easy to remember.
68.The author explains the law of overleaming by_________.
A. presenting research findings
B. selling down general rules
C. making a comparison
D. using examples
69. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_______.
A. a result of overlearning
B. a special case of cramming
C. a skill to deal with math problems
D. a basic step towards advanced studies
70. What does the word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Commonly accepted rules. B. The multiplication tables.
C. Things easily forgotten. D. School subjects.
71. What is the author's opinion on cramming?
A. It leads to failure in college exams.
B. It's helpful only in a limited way.
C. It's possible to result in poor memory.
D. It increases students' learning interest.

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高考链接.201*福建卷
Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions（排放）. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.
The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted（授予）the standard, they can use a logo（标识）in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.
64．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.
B．Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.
C．Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.
D．Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.
65．The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.
A．affect B．change C．disturb D．reject
66．According to Harry Morrison, businesses .
A．will benefit from cutting carbon emissions
B．should buy carbon allowances for shoppers
C．are required to make up for their carbon emissions
D．have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere
67 ．We can learn from the passage that businesses will .
A．have a strong desire to reduce costs
B．use the same logo in their marketing
C．gain advantages by taking early action
D．attract more shoppers by storing goods
分析解读：
65. 很多考生认为时今年和去年的购买对于环境的考虑发生了变化，从而选择了B项，实际这是由于没有仔细分析，仅从字面意思了解得出的错误结论。如果考生把这一段仔细解读一下，在理解的前提下，再找一下关键词汇，例如：aware of , effect 等，就会觉得affect这个选项好了。
67. 本题有不少考生选择了A项，因为他们觉得既然减排对企业有利，那么一些企业必然会有很大的愿望减排。实际本篇文章的第一句就表明了减排对企业是一个困难的时间，因此企业开始应该是没有意愿减排的，本文是来描述减排的好处，给企业以提醒的，因此选C。
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