高中英语-The-Language-Points-of-Unit-21素材-新人教版选修7.doc

The Language Points of Unit 21
一. 单词
1. interval
There is a two hours’ interval to the next train. (间歇)
There is an interval of five meters between the posts. (距离)
After a years’ interval they met again.
2. pump . n&v
He has a bicycle pump.(气筒)
He pumped his car tyres with a pump. (打气)
The heart pumps blood around the body. (输送)
The lake has been pumped. (抽干)
It is difficult to pump facts into tired students. (灌输)
3. swap
I swapped my red scarf (with her) for her blue one.
4. abuse. v&n
abuse drugs/medicine/one’s power/alcohol/(滥用)
abuse sb/animals(虐待)
abuse sb(辱骂)
alcohol/drug abuse(酗酒,嗜毒) child abuse(虐待儿童)
abuse of one’s power
4. tolerate
I don’t know how you tolerate that noise.
She refused to tolerate being called a liar.
Few plants will tolerant sudden changes in temperature.
5. seek---sought---sought
6. seek to do sth= try to do sth I have never sought to hide my views.
He sought to change my mind.
seek for/after What he is seeking after is money.
He is seeking for a job, but hasn’t found one.
seek help/advice from… the girl went to home to seek advice from her parents.
Seek one’s fortune(闯世界) He sought his fortune. However, he ended up in prison.
7. threat---threaten
He is a real threat to us all.
Drugs are a major threat to our society.
The attackers threatened to kill all the passengers on board. (威胁说)
The man threatened the woman with a gun.
A storm is threatening. (=A storm is on its way.)
8. oppose
He threw all those who opposed him into prison.
I would oppose changing the law.
Be opposed to sth/doing sth He remained bitterly opposed to moving abroad.
8. contradict
What you did contradicted what you said.(与…相矛盾)
His son is always contradicting everything he says. (驳斥)
9. violate
violate one’s promise/the rules/regulations/the spirit
10. matter
Most matter has three states: liquid, solid and gas. (物质)
The plants change it into matter we call food.
I have some important matters to deal with. (事情)
Don’t do that again. It will only make matters worse.
What’s the matter with the TV set? (毛病)
There is something the matter with it.
It doesn’t matter that you came late.（重要）
Does it matter to you which one you choose?
11. privileged
12. the privileged class He came from a privileged background. (特权)
You have the privilege of dancing with me.
We are privileged to have Mr Smith as our guest. (荣幸)
13. treat. n&v
It is a treat to hear his good lecture. (乐事)
It is my treat. (做东)
treat sb with respect/dignity/kindness/indifference/ (对待)
treat sb as a friend/teacher/hero…
treat sb to a big dinner/meal/a movie/some beer
treat sb with some pills/medicine/tablets (治疗)
Which doctor is treating you for your trouble?
14. wipe
Please wipe your feet on the mat. He wiped his hands on a clean towel.
You should wipe your stupid smile off your face.
All village has been wiped out by the earthquake.
15. trial
The case is now under trial. (审判)
He is on trial for murder.
The child is a trial to his family. (极其令人讨厌的人或事)
They are doing trials on a new drug. (实验)
Children learn to computers by trial and error. (不断摸索)
16. prohibit---prohibition (指官方命令禁止)
prohibit doing sth Our government prohibits taking drugs.
prohibit sb from doing sth All the athletes are prohibited from doping.
forbid doing sth My parents don’t forbid surfing the Internet.
forbid sb to do sth His father forbade him to smoke.
17. routine
You should make exercise a part of your daily routine. (常规,惯例)
We clean and repair the machines as a matter of routine. (定期)
The fault was discovered during a routine check. (日常的)
Visitors are routinely checked as they enter the building. (例行地)
18. press n (报纸,新闻界)
the local press/national/foreign press (报纸)
The story was reported in the press and on television.
The Press/press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. (记者)
The airline had a bad press recently. (受到新闻界的责难)
press. v— pressure
She pressed her face against the window. (挤,压.按)
press sb into doing sth ----press sb to do sth (催促)
They are pressing us to make a quick decision.
I don’t want to press the point, but you do owe me $200. (坚持观点,要求等)
19. faith
have /lose/blind/restore/destroy faith in (相信,失去,盲目,恢复,破坏)
break/keep faith with (不忠诚.忠诚于…)
We have faith that they will spare no effort to help us.
20. attempt (试图)
attempt to do sth The man attempted to escape, but failed.
Make an attempt at doing sth/ to do sth
He made a attempted at changing my mind.
21. rob---robbery---robber
rob sb of sth (warn, cure, inform,)
We often hear of people being robbed of money.
A heart attack robbed her brain of oxygen.
He has been robbed of dignity.
22. decline
fall/sink into (a) decline be in decline on the decline
The town fell into a decline after the mine closed.
Global economy has been in decline since 2008.
Her health was rapidly declining.
I offered to give him a lift, but he declined. (婉言谢绝)
23. equip---equipment
Equip sb for… (使某人对某事又准备)
The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.
Equip sb with … (用什么来装备…)
Parents should equip their children with good education.
This lab is well equipped with a lot of equipment.
24. rate. n
He likes to drive at a high rate. (速度)
What is the rate between dollars and pounds? (比率)
birth/unemployment/success/failure/divorce rate
The Smiths had to buy a house at a high rate. (价格)
rate. v
We should rate the machine about its value. (平价)
Hong Kong is rated as the highest trade center in the world.
At any rate we will arrive at the station before 5 o’clock. (无论如何)
You’ll never finish your task at this rate. (照这种情况看)
25. jealous
be jealous of He is jealous of your fortune. (嫉妒)
We should be jealous of our own reputation. (珍惜)
26. concern. V
Be concerned for/about (关心,担心)
Our parents are concerned for our future.
Our future concerns our parents.
Be concerned in/with (有关,参与)
It is reported that the pop singer is concerned with selling drugs.
What I will say concern all of you.
As far as I am concerned, he is an honest boy. (据…所知)
concern. N
There is a growing concern about /over violence on TV.
What’s your main concern as a parent?
27. vote. v&n
There are 21 votes for and 17 against the motion.
Did you vote for or against her?
28. sceptical/skeptical
Be sceptical of/about I am sceptical of the chancing of winning.
29. rank. n&v
He is not in the first rank of our class. (等级)
She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank. (地位)
China got 28 gold medals at the 2000 Olympics, ranking third. (排名)
He was ranked as one of the best singers in the world. (评为)
30. likely—unlikely
He is more/less likely to rank first.
It is likely that he will rank first.
二.词组
1. at random The teacher singled out two students at random.
He wrote some sentences on a piece of paper at random.
2. in vain We tried in vain to make him change his mind.
We tried to work out the problems, but in vain.
He thinks that what he did is in vain.
3. at all costs=at any cost You should seek your fortune at all costs.
at half cost He bought a second car at half cost.
at no cost No one can succeed at no cost.
at the cost of He saved the boy at the cost of his own life.
4. blame sb for ..(因某事责备某人) He was blamed for violating the rules of his school.
blame sth on sb(把…归罪某人) They blamed the accident on me.
be to blame(是某人的不是) Sorry, I am to blame.
5. be known to/as/for He is known as a teacher for his achievements to the teaching.
It is well-known to us all that Taiwan is part of China.
6. rather than He is an artist rather than a writer.
He, rather than you, is to blame.
He prefers to walk home rather than take a taxi.
Taking exercise everyday makes him look younger rather than older.
I like to have tea in the garden rather than in the living-room.
7. year after year day after day week after week month after month hour after hour
year by year day by day week by week month by month hour by hour
We get up at six day after day. (每天)
Our knowledge is increasing day by day. (逐日)
8. take drugs/medicine
9. come across His meaning didn’t come across to us all. (弄清)
　　The boy came across some old photos in the drawer.(看见)
He came across as a kind-hearted learned man. (给人..印象)
10. make it (成功, 到达, 挺过来)
He never made it as an actor.
I’m sorry I won’t be able to make it on Sunday.
The doctor thinks that he is going to make it.
11. cater to/for It is difficult to cater for one’s every wish.(满足)
TV programs usually cater for all tastes. (迎合)
Our service can cater to every demand of our consumers.
12. be responsible for sth /to do sth Who will be responsible for this accident?
He is responsible to answer all the questions.
Have a responsibility to do sth He has a big responsibility to start the project.
13. get down to sth/doing sth My father got down to repairing the roof.
14. bring up He was brought up in the country by his grandparents. (抚养)
Bring it up at the meeting, please. (提出)
15. get through Have you got through the final exam? (通过)
He got through all the tasks. (完成)
I can’t get through to him. (接通…电话)
We got through a fortune while we were in New York. (花掉)
It is difficult for me to get through to her. (使…明白)
16. go through The deal didn’t go through. (达成,通过)
I always start the day by going through my email. (仔细检查)
She has been going through a bad time recently. (经历)
The boy went through two whole loaves of bread. (用光,耗尽)
17. stop sth in its tracks He stopped its plan in its tracks. (终止)
What you did stopped me in my tracks. (使…发懵)
18. look through Before an exam, we often look through our notes. (浏覧)
Don’t look through my stuff. (翻东西)
19. be around She has been around a famous film star for a long time.(走红)
Skateboards have been around since 1970. (受欢迎)
20. on top of On top of his salary, he makes some extra money. (=besides除此之外)
They were all living on top of each other in the village. (紧挨着)
Do you think he is really on top of his job? (控制,掌握)
Books are piled on top of one another. (在…之上)
We were on top of the world when we heard the good news. (欢天喜地)
21. agree with I agree with you/what you said/did. (赞同)
The food here doesn’t agree with me. (适合)
agree to They all agreed to the plan you made. (同意)
agree on They agreed on the building of the car factory. (达成共识)
agree to do sth The man agreed to give away some of his money .
agree that The boss agreed that we (should) give a rise soon.
The professor agreed that global warming is caused by human activities.
22. in silence in peace in equality in vain in secret in doubt in surprise
in despair in trouble in danger in detail in debt in particular(特别) in battle in bed in hospital in prison in order(顺序) in place(还原) in store(储存) in order in turn in return(回报) in common in person(亲自) in public(当众) in sight
23. give sb advice on sth /how to do sth
He gave us some advice on how to learn English well.
二. 句型
1. Many contemporary amateur athletes would have broken world records if they had taken part in the first Olympic Games.
2. Ben Johnson would still be the 100 metres world record holder if he had not been caught taking drugs in the 1988 Olympics.
3. If American athlete Marion Jones hadn’t taken drug, would she have made it to the Olympics at all?
4. If gene-therapy were used now, it would be almost impossible to find out.
5. If a generation of sports stars with enhanced genes were created, it would contradict the whole spirit of sport.
6. The Great Flu struck near the end of the First World War and left families mourning worldwide.
leave (使…处于某状态) Who left the door open?
The bomb exploded, leaving 25 people dead.
Don’t leave her waiting outside.

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