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(每日一练)2023年人教版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld考点突破
单选题
1、The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.
A.That; becauseB.that; thatC.why; becauseD.why; that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason引导的定语从句,在定语从句中,句子缺少原因状语,所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在is后的表语从句,从句中成分完整不缺其他含义,这里只需要起引导作用,所以用that。故此题选D。
2、He led us to the farm ________ he spent his childhood.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.how
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他把我们带到他度过童年的农场。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“farm”,在从句中作地点状语,故应用副词“where”引导从句。故选B项。
3、Gillian Sandstorm, a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex, investigated the extent ______people get happiness from weak-tie relationships.
A.whichB.whatC.to whichD.in which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师Gillian Sandstorm调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福的程度。名词extent通常和介词to搭配,to the extent“……的程度,到……的程度”;空处引导定语从句,先行词extent在从句中作介词to的宾语,应用which。故选C。
小提示:
4、I reached into my wallet _________ I don’t usually have cash and pulled out all.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.who
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我把手伸进我通常没有现金的钱包里,把所有的钱都拿出来了。A. which哪一个;B. where哪里;C. when什么时候;D. who谁。分析句型可知,空格处应该填入一个词引导定语从句。从句中缺少状语,且先行词是wallet(表示地点),where最符合题意。故选B项。
5、Let’s ask ourselves what we would do in the particular situation, ________ our moral, spiritual and physical beings were threatened from every direction.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:让我们问问自己,当我们的道德,精神和身体都受到来自四面八方的威胁时,在这种特殊情况下,我们会怎么做。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词situation,先行词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导。故选B。
6、My attitude________him is that of a friend.
A.toB.asC.onD.For
答案:A
考查介词搭配。句意:我对他的态度是朋友的态度。A. to 朝、对于;B. as 作为、正如;C. on 在……之上;D. for 为了。分析句意再根据attitude可知,此处用介词to与attitude构成固定搭配,表示“对……的态度”符合语境。故选A项。
7、She brought her three friends to the party, none of ________ I had ever met before.
A.themB.whoC.whomD.which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:她带了她的三个朋友来参加聚会,我以前都没见过他们。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词friends,且作介词of的宾语,指人,应用关系代词whom。故选C。
8、I think we’ ve fixed everything, and I don’t _________finding any more problems.
A.accelerateB.accommodateC.anticipateD.appreciate
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我想我们已经解决了所有事情,我预计不会再发现任何问题了。A. accelerate加快;B. accommodate容纳;C. anticipate预料;D. appreciate欣赏;感激。根据前半句“I think we’ ve fixed everything”可知,anticipate“预料”符合句意。故选C。
小提示:
9、Usually, there is an interval between the two parts of the concert _____ the audience can buy something to eat or have a rest.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:通常,音乐会的两个部分之间有一段时间间隔,观众可以买点东西吃或休息。此处是定语从句,先行词是an interval,在从句中做时间状语,用关系副词when。故选C项。
10、I was attracted to swimming because it is an excellent sport ______ children and adults can develop strength, endurance and flexibility.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:我被游泳所吸引,因为它是一项优秀的运动,儿童和成人可以发展力量,耐力和灵活性。句中先行词为sport,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where用法。故选D。
11、Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.
A.on whichB.in whichC.to whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。
12、Offered the position of CEO, Mr Smith_________, preferring to keep his current job.
A.struggledB.declinedC.appliedD.charged
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:在获得首席执行官这一职位后,史密斯拒绝了,他更愿意保持目前的工作。A. struggled 挣扎;B.declined拒绝;C. applied申请;D. charged 控诉,收费,充电。根据空格后可知,Mr. Smith更愿意保持当前的工作,可知他拒绝了CEO这个职位。故选B项。
13、The doctor _______my sister is talking has just come from England.
A.with whomB.with whoC.with whichD.that
答案:A
考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意:和我姐姐谈话的那位医生刚从英国来。分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是The doctor,指人,在从句中作talk with的宾语,with可以提到关系代词的前面,即用“介词+关系代词”引导此定语从句,“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,指人,只能用whom,应用“with whom”引导此定语从句。故选A项。
14、We are talking about the case ______ he was accused ______ theft.
A.that; inB.where, ofC.which; toD.what; on
答案:B
考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意:我们正在谈论他被指控偷窃的案件。先行词是the case,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句,固定搭配be accused of (被指控)。故选B项。
15、He has been preparing for the conference since last week ________ he will deliver a speech on the reform of the company.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:从上周开始,他一直在为会议做准备,他将在会上就公司的改革发表演讲。分析句子可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the conference,在从句中作地点状语,意为“在会上”,所以此处用关系副词where引导从句。故选A。
16、Adults, ________overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ________ children do not.
A.unless … butB.although … and
C.when … whereD.even if … unless
答案:C
考查状语从句和定语从句。句意:当成年人过度关注名利时,有时看不到简单事物中的快乐,而孩子们则不会如此。A. unless … but 除非…… 但是;B. although … and 尽管……和;C. when … where 时候…… 哪里;D. even if … unless甚至……除非。分析句子结构及结合句意可知,该句主句是 Adults, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things,其中间是一个时间状语从句,后面是一个定语从句;其中,时间状语从句省略句表示“当成年人过度关注名利时”,应该用连接副词when引导;定语从句(simple things ________ children do not fail to see the joy)中先行词是simple things,在从句中做地点状语,应该用关系副词where引导。故选C项。
17、It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscars history ________actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke ________ Rock made about Smith’s wife’s hair.
A.which...thatB.that...whenC.when...thatD.that...which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:这是奥斯卡历史上最令人惊讶的时刻之一,演员Will Smith走上舞台,打了Chris Rock一巴掌,因为Rock对Smith妻子的头发开了个玩笑。根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空是定语从句,先行词是moments,在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。第二空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词a joke,在从句中作宾语,引导词应填that/which/不填。故选C。
18、No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times ________ it's better to remain silent.
A.thatB.whenC.whyD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:不管你多么健谈,有时候还是保持沉默比较好。分析句子结构结合句意可知此处包含一个定语从句,先行词为times(有时候),表示时间,从句缺少时间状语,所以应使用关系副词when引导从句,故选B项。
19、The Everglades is the only place on Earth ______ fresh water alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whose
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:大沼泽地是地球上唯一一个,淡水鳄和咸水鳄生活在同一地区的地方。分析可知,空白处及之后的内容为定语从句,先行词为place,在从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词where,故选C。
20、________ he goes, he brings happiness and laughter to people.
A.WhereverB.WhicheverC.HoweverD.Whatever
答案:A
考查状语从句。句意:无论他去到哪儿,他都会把欢笑和快乐带给人们。A. Wherever无论哪儿; B. Whichever 无论哪一个;C. However 无论怎样,然而;D. Whatever无论什么。由句意可知,这是一个让步状语从句,缺少地点状语,所以应使用wherever(无论哪儿)引导从句,表示“无论他去到哪儿”,故选A项。
21、When he saw a little boy ______ in the river, he took off his jacket and jumped into the water.
A.strugglesB.strugglingC.to struggleD.struggle
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到一个小男孩在河里挣扎时,他脱下夹克跳进了水里。see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”,宾补doing表示动作在进行;see sb. do sth.则意为“看见某人做了某事”,宾补不带to不定式表示动作已完成。根据下文“他脱夹克跳进水里”说明动作在进行,故用现在分词作宾语补足语。故选B项。
22、Importantly, ________ the method of translation, the spirit of the original work cannot be lost.
A.no matter howB.no matter whatC.no matter whenD.no matter where
答案:B
考查让步状语从句。句意:无论采用什么方式翻译,原著的精神不能丢失。A. no matter how无论如何;B. no matter what无论什么;C. no matter when 无论何时;D. no matter where无论哪里。根据句意,从句是省略句,完全句是no matter what the method of translation is,从句缺少表语,what从句中作表语。故选B。
23、When you meet new words while reading, you can __________ your dictionary.
A.infer fromB.look upC.look intoD.refer to
答案:D
考查动词短语辨析。句意:当你阅读时遇到生词,可以参考字典。A. infer from从……推断出;B. look up查阅;C. look into调查;D. refer to参考、提及。结合句意表示“参考”应用refer to。而look up后应加要查的内容。故选D项。
24、He has reached a point of his life________he is supposed to make decisions of his own.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他已经到了应该自己做决定的人生阶段。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词“point of his life”是抽象地点,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故选B。
25、Perhaps what is significant is the way ________ people have worked in harmony with nature to make terraces and grow rice.
A.on whichB.by whichC.in whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处去建造这些梯田、种植水稻的方式。分析句子结合句意可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是the way,意为“方式”,指事物,短语“in the way”表示“用……方式”,所以此处应用介词in + which引导从句。故选C。
26、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our ________for him.
A.attentionB.respectC.struggleD.request
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学的,和蔼的人,因此,我们对他很尊敬。A.attention注意;B. respect 尊敬;C. struggle 斗争;D.request请求。根据“Professor Wang is a learned and kind man”可知,在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学的,和蔼的人,因此,我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for(向某人表敬意)可知,选B。
27、The book I have chosen is Fu Lei’s Family Letters ______ he shared his views about art and life.
A.thatB.whoseC.whereD.who
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我选择的书是《傅雷的家书》,他在书中分享了他对艺术和生活的看法。句中先行词为Fu Lei’s Family Letters,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故选C。
28、Have you read all the information that this case?
A.relateB.relate toC.relates toD.relates
答案:C
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意:你读过所有与这个案子相关的信息了吗?表示“与……相关”短语为relate to,在定语从句中作谓语,且“that this case”为定语从句修饰先行词information,先行词在从句中作主语,从句为一般现在时,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,information是不可数名词,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
29、There are many reasons _______ people learn a foreign language.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:人们学习外语的原因有很多。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reasons,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用why引导。故选A。
30、There was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.
A.whileB.asC.whenD.unless
答案:C
考查关系副词。句意:曾经有一段时间,如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车,男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是there was a time when,先行词是time,在定语从句中作时间状语,用when引导定语从句。故选C。
完成句子
31、良好的学习习惯,有用的技能和积极的态度同等重要。
_______ _______ _______are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.
答案: Of equal importance
考查形容词,介词短语和倒装句式。通过分析句子结构以及结合句意可知,are为系动词,good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude作主语,该句为“表语+系动词+主语”倒装句,用于突出强调表语部分。另外,空格处意为“同等重要”,of+名词是介词短语,相当于名词所有格的作用,意为“...的”,具有形容词性,equal为形容词,意为“平等的”, 修饰名词importance,且句首单词首字母大写。故填Of equal importance。
32、我们将去参观一座可以追溯到十二世纪的旧庙。(date back to)
We are going to visit an old temple __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
答案: dating back to the 12th century
考查非谓语动词、固定搭配和名词。分析句子结构空处应填非谓语动词的形式,表示“追溯到”应用date back to,固定搭配,与an old temple之间为主动关系,所以应用现在分词表主动,在句中作后置定语,修饰名词temple,表示“十二世纪”应用名词短语the12th century。故填dating back to the12th century。
33、I hope I can make even greater progress next___________(学期). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
答案:semester
考查名词。句意:我希望我能在下学期取得更大的进步。根据句意和汉语提示,此处应用单数名词形式,故填semester。
34、论力气,无人能和他相比。
No one________ ________ ________strength.
答案: equals him in
考查固定短语和时态。表示“在……方面与某人匹敌”用固定短语equal sb. in sth.;表示“他”用宾格him作宾语;陈述事实可用一般现在时;由主语No one可知谓语用单数形式;故填①equals②him③in。
35、尽管下了大雨,她还是去购物了。
___________, she went shopping. (用介词)
___________, she went shopping. (用同位语从句)
答案: Despite/Regardless of/In spite of the heavy rain Despite/In spite of the fact that it rained heavily
1 .考查介词(短语)。根据句意及题目要求可知,此处使用介词或介词短语despite/regardless of/in spite of ,表示“尽管”,连接名词the heavy rain“大雨”,作让步状语。故填Despite/Regardless of/In spite of the heavy rain。
2 .考查同位语从句。根据句意及题目要求可知,此处使用介词或介词短语despite/in spite of ,连接名词the fact,后接同位语从句that it rained heavily。故填Despite/In spite of the fact that it rained heavily。
36、尽管事实是一直在下大雨,但她仍然匆忙地出了门。
________that it was raining heavily, she still went out hurriedly.
答案:Despite the fact
考查介词。结合句意,“尽管”可用介词despite表示,“事实”可用名词fact表示,此处特指“一直在下大雨”这个事实,所以fact前面需加定冠词the,表特指。分析句子结构可知,the fact充当介词despite的宾语,that it was raining heavily是fact的同位语从句。句首字母要大写。故填Despite the fact。
37、我建议立即购买提到的那本字典。
I recommend that the dictionary ________ be bought at once.
答案:referred to (should)
考查非谓语和虚拟语气。根据语法规则recommend表示“建议”时,从句中的谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形表示虚拟语气,分析句子结构可知,“提到的”应作定语来修饰“ the dictionary”,所以应用过去分词referred to 作后置定语,所以空格处应填referred to (should)。故填referred to (should)。
38、杰克那时没有信心和勇气,这就是他放弃那个计划的原因。
Jack had no confidence and courage at that time. That was the reason _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
答案: why he gave up the plan
考查定语从句、时态和动词短语。分析句子结构可知,设空处为定语从句,用来修饰先行词reason,作原因状语,由关系副词why引导;结合汉语提示,从句主语应使用代词he;“放弃”应使用动词短语give up,时态为一般过去时,应使用过去式,为gave up;“那个计划”应使用名词the plan。故填why he gave up the plan。
39、我们可以选择各种各样的主题。
We can choose a variety of themes, ________.(通过举例增加细节)
答案:such as calligraphy, martial arts, oil paintings, paper-cutting and so on
考查固定短语和名词。根据句意“选择各种各样的主题”,以及题目要求举例增加细节可知,举例应用固定短语such as,后接例子calligraphy(书法), martial arts(武术), oil paintings(油画), paper-cutting(剪纸),表示“等等”用固定短语and so on。故填such as calligraphy, martial arts, oil paintings, paper-cutting and so on。
40、说到学英语,人们普遍认为:没有什么比跟英语母语人士待在一起更好的了。
________ learning English, it's universally recognized that there is________ than staying with ________.
答案: When it comes to/As for/As nothing better a native English speaker/ native English speakers
考查固定句型。根据汉语提示,表示“说到”应用固定句型When it comes to或者介词短语As for或者用连词As,As learning English理解为状语从句的省略;表示“没有什么比……更好的了”,应用固定句型there is nothing better than...,第二空需填nothing better;表示“母语人士”应用a native English speaker/native English speakers。故填①When it comes to/As for/As;②nothing better;③a native English speaker/native English speakers。
语法填空
41、Little Tom has been looking forward to the big day ________ he can show his talent at school. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:小汤姆一直盼望着在学校展示自己才能的那一天。句中先行词为 the big day,在定语从句中作时间状语,所以用关系副词when引导。根据句意,故填when。
42、The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle________(hear).(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to be heard
考查非谓语动词。句意:孩子们在饭桌上大声说话,我不得不努力让别人听见。固定搭配struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”,主语I 和动词hear是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系),此处hear用动词不定式的被动式(to be done)。故填to be heard。
43、In spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:春天是我们学习新的生命节奏的季节,我们中的许多人在大自然中找到了安慰。分析句子,设空处引导的是定语从句,引导词在从句中作时间状语,修饰先行词season。故填when。
44、The boy built a telescope ___________ ____________he could study the skies. (用适当的词填空)
答案: through which
考查定语从句。句意:这个男孩造了一台望远镜,通过它他可以研究天空。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句修饰先行词telescope,表示“通过”应用介词through,作介词的宾语,指物,应用which引导。故填①through;②which。
45、The expert suggested that the problem which was referred ________ at the meeting should be paid close attention to. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查动词短语。句意:这个专家建议会议上提出的这个问题应该得到密切关注。refer to提到;谈及。故填refer to。
46、It’s one of the few countries___________ people drive on the left. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:它是少数几个靠左行驶的国家之一。定语从句修饰先行词countries,从句缺少地点状语,故用where。故填where。
47、The dictionary is__________ of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published. (用适当的词填空)
答案:out
考查固定短语。句意:这本词典已经过时:自出版以来,语言已经添加了许多单词。短语out of date,意为“过时”,根据句意和语境,故填out。
48、Few people find it easy __________ (appreciate ) a person they disagree strongly with. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to appreciate
考查非谓语动词。句意:很少有人觉得欣赏一个与自己意见相左的人是件容易的事。短语:find it + 形容词+ 不定式短语,意为“发现做某事是……”,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为不定式短语,故填to appreciate。
49、The reason ________she was fired was________ the boss was not satisfied with her job. (用适当的词填空)
答案: why that
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:她被解雇的理由是因为老板对她的工作不满意。分析句子结构,“________she was fired”是定语从句,修饰先行词the reason,先行词在从句中做原因状语,故第一个空填why。“________ the boss was not satisfied with her job”是表语从句,从句中不缺成分,不缺含义,所以第二个空填that。The reason why…is that…是惯用句型,译为“做……的原因是……”。故答案为why和that。
50、Some cases will be introduced to readers ________the technique is used. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:一些使用该技术的案例将被介绍给读者。分析句子结构,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词cases,先行词表示抽象地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用where引导从句。故填where。
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