2023年江苏省专转本英语真题以及答案.doc

2023年江苏省一般高等学校“专转本”统一考试
大学英语
第I卷（共100分）
Part I Reading Comprehension （共40分）
Passage one
Under proper conditions, sound waves will be reflected from a hillside or other such obstruction. Sound travels at the rate of about one-fifth of mile per second. If the hill is eleven hundred feet away, it takes two seconds for the sound to travel o the hill and back. Thus, by timing the interval between a sound and its reflection (the echo), you can estimate the distance to an obstruction.
During word war 2 the British used a practical application of this principle to detect German planes on their way to bomb London long before the enemy was near the target. They used radio waves instead of sound waves, since radio waves can penetrate fog and clouds. The outnumbered Royal Air Force (RAF) always seemed to the puzzled Germans to be lying in wait at the right time and never to be surprised. It was radio echoes more than anything else that won the Battle of Britain.
Since the radio waves were used to tell the direction in which to send the RAF planes and the distance to send them (their range of flight, in other words), the device was called radio directing and ranging, and from the initials the word radar was coined. (files come from )
1. Sound waves reflected from a hill can be used to estimate the.
A. heigt of the hill B. speed of sound
C. distance to the hill D. intensite of sound
2. Practical applications of this principles resulted in.
A. New electronic instruments for planes
B. A radio directing and ranging device
C. New radio sets for RAF bombers
D. An electronic detecting device
3. Radar enabled the English to.
A. Detect German planes on their way to London
B. Direct the outnumbered RAF planes effectively
C. Confuse German bomber pilots
D. Both A and B
4.It can be inferred from the passage that
A. Light waves could be used in a device similar to radar
B. Radar was a practical application of a well-known principle
C. Radar greatly increased the effectiveness of the Royal Air Force
D. Sound waves are reflected from a hillside under all conditions
5. The author of this passage probably intended to explain
A. Exactly how radar works
B. Why the British used radio waves in their device
C. How radar (work and device) came to be
D. How radar helped the British win the Battle of Britain
Passage Two
In general, the ancient Romans were a practical people. They cared less about philosophy and pure mathematics than did the Greeks. The Romans were the best of the ancient engineers and architects. They were brilliant students of Greek geometry and trigonometry (三角学) , and they applied their knowledge to the construction of fine bridges, roads, aqueducts (渠道) , and public buildings.
They knew about the smelting of iron ore, but they used the iron they produced mainly for spears, swords, and shields, rather than for building construction.
While the Romans accomplished practical wonders, they did very little theoretical scientific thinking. Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar.
There are two reasons for the Romans neglect of philosophy and pure mathematics. First, they were apparently too busy conquering nearby nations and forming them into a rapidly growing empire to waste time on abstract thinking. Secondly, they were handicapped (阻碍) by the rigidity of their numerical system. (Try to multiply XI by LVII or to divide CXLIII by IX; it simply cannot be done with pencil and paper.) The Romans did all of their arithmetic on an abacus, the ancient counterpart of the modern computing machine. Their number system discouraged the study of pure mathematics.
6. The author calls the Romans “practical” because they
A. Cared little about philosophy
B. Applied their knowledge to construction
C. Saw the necessity for developing theoretical science
D. Studied the past and learned from it
7.The ancient Romans did not concern themselves with
A. Theoretical or abstract thought B. applied mathematics
C. Studying D. either A or C
8.In construction, the Romans made extensive use of
A. Iron ore B. peometry and trigonometry
C. Studying D. both B and C
9.Many Romans inventions were based on Greek weapons because the
A. Greeks had superior weapons
Bromines were involved in frequent wars
C. Romans were not familiar with many types of weapons
D. Greek proved himself or herself inspired inventor
10.The author of this passage probably wanted to explain why
A. He considers the Romans a practical people
B. Roman were involved in frequent wars
C. Theoretical thinking is necessary fir the growth of a nation
D. The Romans contributed little to philosophical thought
Passage Three
Professor Barry Wellman if University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many North Americans interacts these days. The term to have opposite meanings. How can we be individuals and be networked at the same time? You need other people for networks.
Here is what Professor Wellman means. Before the invention of the Internet and e-mail, our social networks involved live interactions with relatives, neighbors, and colleagues at work. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice, person to person, in real time.
A recent research study by the Pew Internet and Americans Life Project showed that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the coputer has replaced this person-to-person interaction. However, a lot of people interviewed for the Pew study say that’s a good thing. Why?
In the past, many people were worried that the Internet isolated us and caused us to spend too much time in the imaginary world of the computer. But the Pew study discovered that the opposite is true. The Internet connects us with MORE real people than expected-helpful-people who can give advice on careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million American told Pew that the Internet plays an important role in helping them major life decisions.
Thanks to the computer. “networked individuals” are able to be alone and together with other people-at the same time!
11. the pew study was conducted in
A. the United States B. Canada
C. the U.S. and Canada D. Europe
12. in the article, a network is a group of connected
A. radio or TV stations B. people
C. computers D. roads
13. before the invention of the Internet, our connections with people tool place mainly
A. in person B. by phone C. by letter D. by e-mail
14. Which of the following has happened since the invention of the Internet and email?
A. people are talking on the phone more than ever.
B. Interaction through the computer has replaced a lot of person to person interaction.
C. Americans are turning into hermits.
D. Sixty million Americans have bought computers.
15. Which of the following was NOT one of the discoveries of Pew study?
A. The Internet has put us in touch with more people than expected.
B. People use the Internet to get advice on careers, medical problems, and other questions.
C. For many Americans, the Internet plays an important role in helping them make important decisions.
D. “Internet addiction” is a growing problem among people who use computers.
Passage four
(非英语类学生必做)
Summers with father were always enjoyable. Swimming, hiking, boating, fishing-the days were not long enough to contain all of activities. There never seemed to be enough time to go to church, which disturbed some friends and relations. Accused of neglecting this part of our education, my father instituted a summer school for my brother and me. However, his summer course included ancient history, which Papa felt our schools neglected, and navigation, in which we first had a formal examination in the dining room, part of which consisted of tying several knots in a given time limit. Then we were each separately sent on what was grandly referred to as a cruise in my father’s 18-foot knockabout, spending the night on board, and loaded down, according to formally plot our course, using the tide table, even though our goal was an island I could see quite clearly across the water in the distance.
16. What was the original reason for holding the summer school?
A. The father wanted the children to learn more about religion.
B. The children got poor grades in their regular school.
C. The regular school teachers neglected the children.
D. Friends and relatives thought the children should learn religion.
17. The purpose of the cruise mentioned in the passage was to
A. have fun
B. test the author for completing summer school
C. reward the author for completing summer school
D. get to the island
18. Why did the author have to plot the summer of her cruise?
A. She had to demonstrate her to do so.
B. She was afraid of getting lost.
C. The coast was dangerous.
D. The tides were strong.
19. How long did the author’s cruise last?
A. All summer. B. Overnight.
C. A week. D. One day, morning till night
20. Apparently a knockabout is
A. a seaman’s knot B. a cruise
C. an island D. a boat
(英语类学生必做)
The three main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by the Latin grammar school, the academy, and the public high school. The first of these was a colonial institution. It began in New England with the establishment in 1635 of the Boston Free Latin School. The curriculum consisted mainly of the classical languages, and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college, where most of them would be fitted for the ministry.
The academy began in the early 1750’s with Benjamin Franklin’s school in Philadelphia, which later became the University of Pennsylvania. It extended generally to about the middle of the nineteenth century, except in the southern states where the public high school was late in developing and where the academy continued a principal means of secondary education even after 2900. the academy was open to girls as well as to boys, and it provided a wider curriculum than the Latin grammar school had furnished. It was designed not only as a wider curriculum than the Latin grammar school had furnished. It was designed not only as a preparation for college but also for practical life in commercial and business activities. Although its wide educational values were evident and are recognized as important contributions to secondary education in this country, the academy was never considered a public institution as the public high school has come to be.
The public high school had its origin in Massachusetts in 1821 when the England ClassicalSchool was established in Boston. In 1827, that state enacted the first state-wide public high-school law in the United States. By 1840, there were perhaps a dozen public high schools in Massachusetts and many in other eastern states; by 1850, they were also to be found in many other states.
Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of the Latin grammar school, so the curriculum of the public high school developed out of the academy. The public high school in the United States is a rejection of the aristocratic (贵族) and selective principle of the European educational tradition. Since 1890, enrollments in secondary schools, mainly public high schools, have practically doubled in this country every ten years.
16. According to the author, the main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by
A. New England establishments
B. the Latin grammar school and the academy
C. the public high school
D. both B and C
17. According to the passage, which of the following sequences indicates the order in which the school developed?
A. Latin grammar, public high school, academy.
B. Latin grammar, school, academy, public high school.
C. Public high school, Latin grammar school, academy.
D. Public high school, academy, Latin grammar school.
18. Since 1890,secondary enrollments have
A. almost doubled every ten years B. practically doubled
C. classical in enrollment D. increased tenfold
19. In the southern states, the principal of secondary education even after 1900 continued to be the
A. Latin grammar school B. academy
C. classical language school D. church school
20. One can properly infer from this article that “Latin grammar school” refer to
A. the Boston Free Latin School
B. all elementary schools in the United States
C. schools which taught Latin Exclusive of all other subjects
D. a number of grammar schools which developed in New England
Part II Vocabulary and Structure （共40分）
21. Mary is one of the brightest students who form New York University.
A. graduated B. have graduated
C. had graduated D. has graduated
22. My friend’s son, who is a soldier, was delight when he was only a few miles from home.
A. camped B. situated C. placed D. stationed
23. She has bought some lovely to make herself a dress.
A. stuff B. clothing C. material D. pattern
24. She has bought with what you have given her husband and you have told him.
A. that B. which C. all what D. al that
25. I passed my exams but it was a long time my friends about it.
A. that I didn’t tell B. before I told
C. after I told D. since I told
26. The stone statue in the city square was put up the fallen heroes.
A. in memory of B. in search of C. in terms of D. in view of
27. When I applied for my passport to be renewed, I had to send a photo.
A. fresh B. familiar C. recent D. late
28. The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also many social customs.
A. join B. familiar C. recent D. maintain
29. from the hill-top, the lake scenery is beyond description.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. To D. Having seen
30. In many schools, students don’t have easy access computers.
A. of B. into C. for D. to
31. His success was due to he had been working hard all the time.
A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact what
32. He didn’t want to go to the cinema but they begged so hard that he finally and went with them.
A. gave off B. gave away C. gave out D. gave in
33. The toy boat turned over and sank to the of the pool.
A. quick B. ground C. floor D. base
34. You mustn’t be , or else you will make a lot of mistakes.
A. quick B. hasty C. rapid D. fast
35. Do not disturb me. I letters all morning and have written six so far.
A. write B. am writing
C. was writing D. have been writing
36. Teachers always tell their students that it is no good today’s work for tomorrow.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. leave
37. I have really got angry with John because I suggest, he always disagrees.
A. whatever B. anything C. what D. everyt