教师招聘笔试考前重要分析英语.docx

教师招聘笔试考前重要分析英语资料仅供参考教师招聘笔试考前重要分析英语考点名词1.表示特别含义的复数形式arms武器waters水域snows积雪sands沙滩works作品customs海关，关税times时代papers文件，文献；证明，证件manners礼貌looks外表brains头脑，智力greens青菜ruins废墟experiences经历2.名词作定语（1）当名词作定语时，几乎总是用单数形式（即使在意义上是复数）。例如：shoe repairers修鞋的人tooth brushes牙刷（2）sports, customs, arms, clothes, sales和accounts等作定语时，仍用复数形式。例如：a sports car一辆赛车a customs officer一名海关官员（3）“man / woman + n.”变为复数时，作定语的名词和中心词都要变复数。a man teacher一个男教师ten men teachers十个男教师考点冠词1.不定冠词的用法：用在单数可数名词前，指一类人或事，相当于a kind of (A plane is a machine that can fly.)；表示“每一，一”相当于every/one；用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事；用于quite/rather/many/half/what/such之后；用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后。注意：a和an的用法区别，“以元音音素开头的用an，以辅音音素开头的用a”。2.定冠词的用法：用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或物（The horse is a useful animal.）；用于乐器前面；用于姓氏的复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇”；用于序数词和形容词、副词的比较级和最高级前。3.零冠词的用法名词前有this/my/whose/some/no/each/every等限制词；季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前；学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前；与by连用表示交通工具的名词前。考点代词1.不定代词one/some/ any; each/ every; none/ no; other/ another; all/ both; neither/ either2.人称代词主格：I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they宾格：me/you/him/her/it/us/you/them3.物主代词形容词性：my/your/his/her/its/our/their名词性：mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs4.反身代词：myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves5.指示代词：this/that/these/those/such/some6.疑问代词：who/whom/whose/which/what/whoever/whichever/whatever7.关系代词：that/which/who/whom/whose/as8.名词替代词one, ones, that, those的区别one和ones用来代替前面提到过的可数名词，one指代单数，ones指代复数，所替代的是同名异物，表示泛指，可有前置定语或后置定语，也可单独使用。特指时必须加定冠词the。that用来代替前面提到过的单数可数名词或不可数名词，不能和冠词连用，其后常有修饰语。代替可数名词的复数时，用代词those。9. all, both, either, neither, each, none的用法比较both, either和neither都表示两者，可做主语、宾语和定语。both还可做同位语。neither表示两者否定；either表示“两者中任何一个”，强调个体；both表示“两者都”。all和none表示三者或三者以上。all表示全部肯定，而none表示全部否定。all可做主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语；none可做主语、宾语和同位语，但不能做定语。both, all, each, none做主语同位语时，一般放在行为动词的前面，be动词、助动词和情态动词的后面。all和both与not连用表示部分否定。考点形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more和most；形容词的最高级前面要加定冠词the。1.同级比较时常常见asas以及not so (as)as和the same as。如：I am not so good a player as you are.2.能够修饰比较级的词有：much, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。3.表示一方随另一方变化时用“the morethe more”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4.用比较级来表示最高级的意思。如：直接使用比较级How beautiful she sings! Ive never heard a better voice.= She has the best voice Ive ever heard.any other +n. (单)比较级+than +the other + n. (复)any of the other +n. (复)She goes to school earlier than the other girls.He works harder than any other student.China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.比较级 + than + anything / anyone elseTom cared more for money than for anything else.在比较句型中使用“no, never, nobody, nothing”+ 比较级等词。I have never spent a more worrying day.Nobody can do the work better than he did.5.表示“最高程度”的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favorite, excellent, extreme, perfect。考点常见倍数关系表示方法1. A+ be +倍数+ 形容词（或副词）的比较级+ than +BThis hall is five times bigger than our classroom.这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六倍）2. A+ be +倍数+ as +形容词（或much）或副词+ as + BThis big stone is three times as heavy as that one.这块大石头的重量是那一块的三倍。（这块石头比那块重二倍）3. A+ be +倍数+ the + size (length, height .)+ of + BThis hill is four times the height of that small one.这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。（比那座小山高三倍）4. The + size (length, height .) of +A +be+ 倍数+ that + of +BThe height of this hill is four times that of that small one.这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。（比那座小山高三倍）考点介词1.表示时间（1）表示在某时间，常见介词at，on，in等。用at来表示在某一段时刻：at dawn/daybreak：在黎明at six：在6点钟at midnight：在午夜at 4:30：在4点30分用at来表示“在岁时”at sixteen/at the age of sixteen：16岁的时候用on来表示在星期几/某日on Monday：在星期一on January fifth：在1月5日on Christmas Day：在圣诞节那一天也可用at Christmason New Years Day：在新年那天用in来表示一天中的早中晚，月份，季节或年份in the morning / afternoon / eveningin January / Februaryin Springin （2）表示期间，常见介词during，for，over，within，throughout，from和to等。during用于已知的一段时间包括大家熟知的节日或者某种已确切限定的时期或阶段之前during the Middle Ages：在中世纪during 1942：在1942年中during the summer（of that year）：在（那一年的）夏季during his childhood：在她童年时期for用来表示一段时间for six years：六年之久for two months：有两个月for ever：永远 （3）表示其它时间概念的介词有before，after，since，until，till，between，up to等2.表示方位（1）at，in，on，toat：表示在小地方；表示“在附近，旁边”in：表示在大地方；表示“在范围之内”。on：表示毗邻，接壤，“在上面”。to：表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到”（2）above，over，on在上above：指在上方，不强调是否垂直，与below相对；over：指垂直的上方，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。on：表示某物体上面并与之接触。The bird is flying above my head.There is a bridge over the river.He put his watch on the desk.（3）below，under在下面 under：表示在正下方 below：表示在下，不一定在正下方There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line.（4）in front of，in the front of在前面 in front of意思是“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在的后面）。There are some flowers in front of the house.（房子前面有些花卉。）in the front of意思是“在的前部”，即甲物在乙物的前部（乙将甲包容在内），反义词是at the back of（在范围内的后部）。There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师站在教室前.（老师在教室里）（5）beside，behind beside表示“在旁边”；behind表示“在后面”考点动词1.情态动词（1）may/might否定回答时可用cant或mustnt，表示“不能够，禁止”。（2）must表示“必须、一定”，否定回答用neednt或dont have to，表示“不必”。（3）dare作情态动词用时，常见于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，过去式形式为dared。（4）can/could + have done在肯定句中表示“原来能够做而实际上没能做某事”。should have done表示对过去行为的推测“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”。neednt have done表示“原来不必做而实际上做了某事”。2.动词时态与语态所谓“时”就是行为发生的时段或状态存在的时段，即：“现在、过去、将来、过去将来”四种；所谓“态”就是行为或状态发生时所呈现的状态，有一般状态、进行状态、完成状态和完成进行状态四种。由时态结合，便形成下列十六种时态：时态现在过去将来过去将来一般时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时一般过去将来时进行时态现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时过去将来进行时完成时态现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时过去将来完成时完成进行时态现在完成进行时过去完成进行时将来完成进行时过去将来完成进行时（1）现在进行时表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。She is leaving for Beijing.（2）现在进行时代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。The Yangtze River is flowing into the east.（3）现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性。-Hi, Tracy, you look tired.-I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.3.动词语态-主动表被动（1）某些感官动词和系动词加形容词能够表示被动意义，如look, smell, taste, feel, prove, sound等。例：The flower smells sweet.（2）某些及物动词后加副词，也能够表示被动意义，如cut, clean, draw, lock, open, pack, play, peel, sell, shut, split, strike, record, iron, keep等。例：This type of TV sells well. The meat cuts easily.（3）deserve, need, require, stand, want等词的后面能够用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。若动名词是不及物的，后面应跟有介词。例：The kids need taking care of. The table wants cleaning.（4）某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。例：The stone is hard to break. It is easy to understand.考点定语从句定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，它的作用：一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用；二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。1.关系代词的用法（1）作主语用who, which和that，如：a. He is the man who/that lives next door.b. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.（2）作宾语用whom, who, which, that，如：a. The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.b. Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?（3）作定语用whose，如：a. He is the man whose car was stolen last week.b. It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常见来指人，但有时也能够用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时能够与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如：They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. (= the back wall of which)Hes written a book the name of which Ive completely forgotten. (= whose name)（4）作表语只用that，它既能够指人，也能够指物，但时常省略。如：He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.2.关系副词的用法（1）when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词一般有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 如：I still remember the time when I first became a college student.Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?注：when时常能够省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如：Each time he came, he did his best to help us.But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.（2）where指地点，在从句中作地点状语，它的先行词一般有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等如：This is the hotel where they are staying.I forget the house where the Smiths lived.注：where有时也能够省略。如：This is the place (where) we met yesterday.（3）why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有：reason如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.注：why时常也能够省略。如：That is the real reason he quitted.使用关系副词应注意下列几点：（1）三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：when = on (in, at, during) + which;where = in (at, on) + which;why = for which. 如：I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived.The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.（2）当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that，缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：Ill never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.Ill never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.（3）when和where既能够引导限制性定语从句，也能够引导非限制性定语从句。而why只能引导限制性定语从句。3.连接词只用that的情况：（1）先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词。（2）先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时。（3）先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时。（4）先行词既指人又指物时。（5）先行词被the only, the very修饰时。（6）句中已经用who或which时，为了避免重复。4.连接词只用which/ who/ whom的情况：（1）在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人。（2）在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物（“介词+ which”一般在定语从句中分别作时间、地点、原因状语，于是“介词+ which”能够分别用when/where/why代替），whom指人。（3）先行词本身是that时，关系词用which，先行词为those/one/he时多用who。定语从句注意事项(1) whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但词序不同，即whose+名词=the +n + of which=of which + the + n.He lives in the room whose window faces south.= He lives in the room, the window of which faces south.=He lives in the room, of which the window faces south.(2)当point, situation, case, condition, stage (阶段)等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场合”等意思时，用where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如：Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.(3)先行词是the way，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/ in which或省略。如：I didnt like the way (that / in which) she talked to me.考点强调句1.强调句的类型（1）用It is/ wasthat/ who句型表示强调。被强调的部分（一般是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is/ was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。 It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday.（2）not until 句型的强调句句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。如：普通句：He didnt go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用，因为句型中It is/ was not 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。（3）谓语动词的强调It is/ was that 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。Do sit down. 请坐。He did write to you last week. 上周她确实给你写了信。Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。（4）从句的强调 强调状语从句I came home late because it was raining hard. It was because it was raining hard that I came home late.（注意：被强调的原因状语从句只能用because引导，不能用as或since引导）强调主语从句What you said really made us sad. It was what you said that really made us sad.2.强调句型的判断把“It, be, that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构依然完整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如：(1) It is he who/ that often helps me with my English. (2) It is on the hillside that we plant trees every year. (3) It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.分析：去掉It is/ was. that/ who 句子后结构依然完整，句意仍明确，都是强调句。(4) It was 9 oclock when we came back.(5) It was 3 hours since we had come back.分析：在上面例句中若去掉It was. when / before / since等后，句子结构就不完整，而且强调句型的后半句只能由that/who引导，因此不是强调句。3.强调句型注意事项（1）句首词用“It”，不能用“This”，“That”等。（2）若原句的谓语动词用了现在时或将来时，则用is；若原句的谓语动词用了过去时或过去完成时，则用was。（3）被强调的部分如果是代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。如： It is him that / who / whom I met in the street yesterday. It is I who / that made that decision.（4）连接词一般用that，当强调部分是人时，既可用that也可用who。特别注意当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不能用when或where。如：It was on Oct 1st, 1949 that Peoples Republic of China was founded.（5）主谓一致问题被强调的主语要和 that后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。（6） not until 结构的强调： 强调“notuntil”引导的时间状语时，要用“it is/was not untilthat”结构，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。如：We did not get off the bus until it stopped. It was not until it stopped that we got off the bus考点倒装的用法1.谓语的全部或部分（助动词或情态动词）放在主语之前的现象称为倒装。种类倒装条件例句完全倒装here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调Out rushed the children.表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.部分倒装never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首Hardly did I know what had happened.only和修饰的状语放于句首Only then did he realize the importance of English.not onlybut also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.neithernor连接并列的句子，前后都倒装Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.sothat, suchthat中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒So busy is he that he cannot go on a holiday.as引导的让步状语，把需要强调的部分提前（如名词、动词、形容词、副词），然后再加陈述句的其它部分Child as he is, he has learned a lot.so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事He can play the piano. So can I.用于表示祝愿的祈使句中May you be in good health!省略if的虚拟条件Were I you, I would not do it in this way.2.“so / nor / neither + 助动词/情态动词/系动词+ 主语”与“so / nor / neither + 主语+ 助动词/情态动词/系动词”（1）“so / nor / neither + 助动词/情态动词/系动词+ 主语”表示前面说过的情况也适用于另一个人或物时要部分倒装。如：Peter cant answer the question. Neither can I.（2）“so / nor / neither + 主语+ 助动词/情态动词/系动词”表示“确实”，仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和。如：-The lights are still on in the classroom. You must have forgotten to turn them off.考点虚拟语气if引导的虚拟条件句的结构条件从句结构主句结构与现在事实相反If +主语+动词过去式（be 动词用were）主语+ should/would/could /might +动词原形与过去事实相反If +主语+had +过去分词主语+ should/would/could /might+ have+过去分词与将来事实相反If+主语+动词过去式If+主语+ were to +动词原形If+主语+ should +动词原形主语+ should/would/could /might +动词原形考点语法填空语法填空题在考试当中考查的是考生的词汇量、词汇正确运用以及文章主旨大意的把握。所填单词以考查实词为主。一共有十个空，常考题型主要包括根据汉语或英文单词填写出英文的正确形式（简单），根据首字母填写正确的单词（难度一般），第三种是既没有汉语提示也没有首字母提示（较难）。文章篇幅长度为200词左右。题材开放多样。1.解题技巧根据题型的特点说明，我们总结出以下几个答题技巧：填词三部曲（1）确定词解答给汉语提示的单词拼写题时，切忌不考虑句意简单翻译，汉语和英语在互译时并不是永远能一一对等的。（2）确定词性分析应填词担任的句子成分，正确判断所缺单词的词性。（3）确定词形正确、工整、清楚地拼写出所填单词正确形式。2.找搭配信息（1）对于首字母提示和语境提示的空格：如何判断其意义及词性，关键看搭配，重点找已知信息。搭配包括：主谓搭配，动宾搭配，前置定语（形容词、动词分词）+名词或名词+后置定语（形容词，动词分词，介宾短语或者定语从句），谓语+状语（副词），副词修饰形容词等等。空格前后的已知信息词决定着空格词的词性。（2）汉语提示题相对简单：大部分我们能够根据汉语提示直接写出答案。但需特别注意的是有时题中给出我们的意思能够理解，但词性的选择和单词的选择还是需要根据具体的搭配信息确定。而且中文往往是模糊的，与之相近的意思的单词或许不止一个词。这时更需要我们根据文中已知信息来确定。3.核查答案所有空格都给出答案之后要将全文通读一遍，核查答案填写是否符合文章大意，检查单词拼写是否正确。考点完形填空完形填空的考点梳理如下：1.词汇角度（1）考查固定搭配或习惯用语；（2）词义辨析：考查词汇的基本含义，最好的方法就是逐一代入验证法；（3）根据生活常识及文化背景知识选词；（4）词语复现。复现是完形填空常见的考查手法，复现即表示相同意思的词汇在文章的不同地方出现，词汇的复现方式有很多种，能够是同词复现，近义词复现，反义词复现等。这需要我们在做题时注意“瞻前顾后”，发现词汇之间的复现关系。（5）词语同现同现指的是词语共同出现的倾向性，在语篇中，当讨论某一话题时，有些单词一定会出现，只要我们把握话题，结合选项就能选出答案。2.语法角度从语法的角度考查考生对于文章理解，这要求语法基础知识扎实，由于语法项目较多，在此列举其中考查较为频繁的语法点。（1）倒装关系（2）被动语态（3）各类从句（4）形容词比较级3.逻辑角度从逻辑的角度考查考生对于上下文逻辑关系的理解，要求学生理清文章脉络，把握常见的逻辑关系引导词。（1）并列关系（2）转折关系（3）因果关系（4）递进关系4.语篇角度从语篇的角度主要考查考生对于上下文语境的理解，更多地关注语篇内容，在语境中做题。考点阅读理解技巧点拨1.重点题型中的几个问题：（1）词汇题：字面意思不是答案，要根据