初中英语语法——主谓一致名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,初中英语语法,主谓一致,讲解人：韩旭,第1页,一、语法一致标准,二、意义一致标准,三、就近一致标准,第2页,一、语法一致标准,（,1,）主语为单数时，谓语用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。,He,goes,to school early every morning.,The children,are,playing outside.,第3页,（,2,）,动词不定式或动词,ing,形式,做主语时，谓语动词用,单数,。若两个或两个以上非谓语动词并列做主语，,分指两个或两个以上动作,时，谓语动词用,复数,形式。,To see _,（,is/are,）,to believe.,Doing eye exercises _,（,is/are,）,good for your eyes.,Lying and stealing,（,is/are,）,immoral.,第4页,（,3,）由,and,或,both,连接,并列成份作主语,时，谓语动词用,复数,。,Both he and I,are,right.,但并列主语假如指是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数,。,a/the+,单数名词,+and+,单数名词，指是同一个人或物,；,a/the+,单数名词,+and+a/the+,单数名词，指两个人或物。,The writer and teacher _,（,is/are,）,coming.,The writer and the teacher _,（,is/are,）,coming.,A knife and fork _,（,is/are,）,on the table.,第5页,（,4,）由,and,连接并列单数主语之前假如,分别由,each,every,修饰,时，其谓语动词要用,单数形式,。,In our country every boy and every girl,（,has/have,）,the right to receive education.,Each man and each woman,（,is/are,）,asked to help.,第6页,（,5,）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有,but,except,besides,with,等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。,The teacher,with his students,(,is/are)going to visit the museum.,Nobody,but two boys,(is/are),late for class.,第7页,（,6,）,each,either,neither,another,the other,，,some,any,no,every,作主语或,组成复合代词作主语,，谓语动词用,单数,。,Each of them,(has/have)an English dictionary.,Neither answer is correct.,Is everybody ready?,Somebody is using the phone.,第8页,（,7,）有,两部分组成物体,名词，如,glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks,scissors,等作主语时，谓语动词用,复数,。,Where,my shoes?,Your trousers,dirty.,假如这类名词前用了,a pair of,等，则往往用作,单数,，谓语动词单复数形式往往取决于,pair,单复数形式。,Here,(is/,are)some new pairs of shoes.,My new pair of socks,(is/are)on the bed.,第9页,（,8,）不定代词,somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing,作主语，,谓语动词用单数,。,Something,(is/are)wrong with the bike.,Nobody,（,was/were,）,in.,(Is/Are)everyone here today?,第10页,二、意义一致标准,（,1,）指主语,形式上为单数,，但,意义为复数,，所以谓语动词用,复数,形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。,My family,are,having lunch now.,Twenty dollars,is,too expensive for the book.,第11页,（,2,）表,时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算,等复数名词作主语，表示整体概念时，谓语动词用,单数,。,Two months,_,（,is/are,）,a long holiday.,Twenty pounds,_,（,is/are,）,not so heavy.,Ten miles,_,（,is/are,）,not a long distance.,Five minus four,_,（,is/are,）,one.,第12页,（,3,）,family,class,group,team,等集体名词作主语，若指,一个整体时，,谓语动词用,单数形式,，若指一个一个,详细组员时，,谓语动词用,复数形式,。,His family _,（,is/are,）,not large.,My family all _,（,like/likes,）,watching TV.,第13页,（,4,）,people,、,police,、,cattle,、,youth,等没有复数标识但用作复数,集体名词作主语,，谓语动词惯用,复数,形式。,People here,（,is/are,）,very friendly.,The youth,（,is/are,）,having a meeting.,第14页,（,5,）当主语部分,(,主语是单数时,),含有,with,，,together with,，,along with,，,as well as,，,besides,，,except,，,but,，,like,，,rather,than,including,等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用,单数形式,；,但“,名词,+as well as+,名词,”时，谓语动词普通应与,第一个名词,一致。,Mike with his father _,（,has/have,）,been to England.,Mike,like his brother,_,（,enjoy/enjoys,）,playing football.,The students as well as the teacher _,（,was/were,）,present at the meeting,第15页,（,6,）不定代词由,all,most,more,some,any,none,作主语时，也要依这些代词表示,意义来决定,谓语动词单复数形式。,假如代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；假如代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。,All of the work,been finished.,All of the people have gone.,more than one+,单数名词作主语，谓语用单数,。,More than one student _,（,has/have,）,ever been to Beijing.,第16页,（,7,）疑问代词（？）作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：,主语表示复数意义,，谓语动词用,复数,；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。比如：,Who is your brother?,Who are League members?,第17页,（,8,）“,分数或百分数,+of+,名词,”组成词组作主语时，其谓语动词要以,of,后面名词而定,。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。,It is said that 35 percent of the doctors,are,women.,Three fourths of the surface of the earth,.,sea.,第18页,（,9,）,half,the rest,等表示不定数量名词作主语时，假如,所指,为复数意义，动词用复数；假如所指为单数意义，动词用单数。,I have read a large part of the book,the rest (is/are)more difficult.,Only ten students attended the class because all the rest,（,is/are,）,off sick.,第19页,（,10,）由,what,引导主语从句作主语,时，通常谓语动词用,单数形式,。但假如所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。,What she said,（,is/are,）,correct.,What she left me,（,is/are,）,a few old books.,第20页,（,11,）以,s,结尾名词,本身不表示复数意义,，谓语通惯用,单数,形式，如,news,mathematics,physics politics,等,No news,（,is/are,）,good news.,Mathematics,(,is/are)very popular in our class.,第21页,（,12,）,the+,形容词表示一类人时,，谓语动词用,复数,形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式,.,The poor,(is/are)very happy,but the rich are sad.,The beautiful,(live)forever.,第22页,三、就近一致标准,指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，,取决于最靠近他主语,。,比如：,Not only,the teacher,but also,his students,like,playing football.,There,is,a,pen,and some books on the desk.,第23页,（,1,）由连词,or,eitheror,neither nor,not onlybut also,等连接并列主语，假如一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致标准，,与最靠近它主语一致,。,Either you or I,（,am/is/are,）,right.,Neither the children nor the teacher,（,know,）,anything about it.,第24页,（,2,）在“,There be”,句型中,谓语动词和,靠近主语一致,。,There,（,is/are,）,two apples and one egg in it.,There _,（,is/are,）,a book and three pens on the desk.,Here _,（,is/are,）,some books and paper for you.,第25页,.,由,or,eitheror,，,neithernor not onlybut also,，,notbut,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，,依据就近标准,决定谓语动词形式。,Either my wife or I,（,am/is/are,）,going.,Neither you,nor I,nor anyone else,knows,the answer.,Not only you but also he,（,is/are,）,ready to leave.,第26页,1.Between the two roads _ a TV tower called Skyscraper Tower.,A.stands B.standing C.which stands D.stand,2.Either of you _ going there tonight.,A.will B.was C.is D.are,3.You as well _ right.,A.I are B.I am C.as I am D.as I are,4.All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.,A.are B.is C.were D.was,5.-Shall I wait here for three hours?,-Yes.Three hours _,_ to wait for such a doctor.,A.are not very long for you B.is not long enough for youC.was not long enough for you D.will be too long for you,第27页,6.Where to get the materials and how to get them _ at the meeting.A.have not discussed B.have not been discussed,C.has not discussed D.has not been discussed,7.I took mathematics and physics because I think that _ very important for me to make further research in this field.A.what is B.they are C.this D.which are,8.Every student and every teacher _.A.are going to attend the meeting B.have attended the meetingC.has attended the meeting D.is attended the meeting,9.Three fourths of the bread _ by Bob,and the rest of the bread _ left on the table.,A.was eaten/were B.were eaten/was,C.were eaten/were,D.was eaten/was,10.This pair of shoes _.,A.is her B.is hers,C.are hers D.are her,第28页,Thanks for your listening,第29页,