河北省唐山市迁西县新集中学高一英语《主谓一致》复习.doc

河北省唐山市迁西县新集中学高一英语《主谓一致》复习
易错点一 动名词、不定式或从句作主语时和谓语的关系.

动名词、不定式或从句作主语时谓语动词一般用单数形式
When we will go there hasn't been decided yet.
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
To study English well is not easy.
注意:what 从句作主语时，如果表语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数；如果表语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数。
What the boy wants is a toy car.
What I would like to buy are some fish and chicken.

易错点二 特殊名词作主语与谓语的关系

1．表示时间、重量、度量、衡量、价值等意义的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
Two hours is enough for me to finish the work.
2．sheep, fish, deer, means(方法)，works(工厂，著作)作主语时，如果是单数意义，谓语动词用单数；如果是复数意义，谓语动词用复数。
Every means has been tried out without much result.
All means have been tried out without much result.
3．many a．..和 more than one...短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Many a passenger was killed in the accident.
4．由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。但如果指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式，此时，第二个名词前没有冠词。
The poet and the writer have come to our school.
The poet and writer has come to our school.
The law and order is preserved.
Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不饶人。
5．由each...and(each)．..；every...and(every)．..；no...and(no)．..；no...or...；many a．..and(many a)．..连接的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
No man and no animal is to be found on the moon.
Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.
6.区别a number of 与 the number of 的用法
a number of 意为“很多”，相当于many ，因此，“a number of＋名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；the number of 意为“……的数量”，中心词为“number”，因此，“the number of＋名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，如：
A number of tourists have visited the old village.
The number of tourists is increasing.
7. 名词如trousers,clothes, glasses, shoeses等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数；但如果这些词前有a(the) pair of等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数.如:
My glasses are broken.
The pair of shoes under the bed is his.

易错点三 定语从句中主谓一致

“one of＋复数名词＋定语从句”和“the only one of＋复数名词＋定语从句”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词前者用复数，后者用单数。
He is one of the students who are good at maths.
He is the only one of the children who often speaks ill of others behind their backs.

易错点四 主语+修饰语与谓语动词的关系

主语后面带有with, along with, together with, as well as, rather than ,besides, like, without, except, including, but 等引导的短语时，谓语动词必须与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：
The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the garden.
Tom, along with his friends, goes skating every Saturday.

易错点五 主谓一致中就近原则的应用

用连词 or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接并列主语时，
谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致。如：
Neither you nor I am wrong.
Not only the students but also the teacher enjoys listening to the music.
由here, there等引导的倒装句中，若主语不止一个时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。如：
Here comes the bus.
Here is a pen and two books for you

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