七年级英语省略句人教版知识精讲.doc

七年级英语省略句人教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：省略句二. 知识总结归纳：1. 简单句中的省略：在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。（1）Looks like rain.（2）Hope to hear from you soon.（3）Sounds like a good idea.（4）Beg your pardon.（5）Feeling better today ?（6）This way, please.（7）What does he want to eat ?Some rice and vegetables.（8）Anything I can do for you ?（9）Sorry to hear that.（10）Doesnt matter.（11）Terrible weather!（12）Pity you couldnt come.2. 并列句中的省略：在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：（1）They learn French and we English.（2）My father planned and built all these houses.（3）John won the first race and Jimmy the second.（4）Coral is not a plant but a variety of animal life.3. 复合句中的省略：定语从句：（1）Thats the reason he is late for the conference.（2）I dont like the way he talks.状语从句：（1）If heated, water will boil.（2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.（3）Well go to help you if necessary.（4）Had I time, I would come.（5）Ill go, should it be necessary.（6）The captain can find a boat quicker than we can.宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you. （2）Is Mr. King in his office? Sorry, I dont know（whether he is in his office or not）.用so / not 在动词: believe; hope; suppose; be afraid 后面来替代一个宾语从句。（1）Can you come with your husband this afternoon ? Im afraid not.（2）Is he coming tonight ? I guess so.（3）Do you think it is going to rain tomorrow ? I hope not.4. 动词不定式的省略：在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。（1）Would you like to go with us ? Im glad to, but I have to finish my homework.（2）Dont tell me the name of the sailor if you dont want to.（3）Have you ever been to the seaside? No, we cant afford to.在used to, ought to, have to, would like/love to, wish to, be going to等结构中，常常省略to后面的动词原形。（1）They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to.（2）He doesnt get up early as he used to.（3）Ill hand it in if I have to.（4）Would you like to come tonight ? Id love to.Tell, warn, order, advise, ask等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，可以省略to后面的动词原形。（1）He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.（2）The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to.【典型例题】1.I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident. _. Lets go and see him.A. Whats moreB. If so C. Where possibleD. When possible分析：根据上句的内容，第二个人说：如果是这样，让我们去看望他吧。If so的完整形式是：If it is so.答案：B2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss. A. questioningB. having questioned C. questionedD. to be questioned分析：本句when后面省略了I was答案：C3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. A. the wayB. in the way that C. in the wayD. the way which分析：way表示：“方式”后面的定语从句由that / in which 引导或者省略关系代词，本句的定语从句he said it省略了关系代词。答案：A4.Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer? _?A. What forB. What is itC. How is itD. How come分析：第二个人不知道为什么要倒空抽屉，所以问为什么。What for（为什么）它的完整表达应是What are you going to use the empty drawer for ?答案：A5. Im looking forward as much to her return as she herself to _ me. A. have seenB. seeing C. meetD. be met分析：本句后半部分as she herself to _ me是as herself is looking forward to seeing me的省略。答案：B6. Who can you turn to in time of danger, if not _? A. ourselvesB. ours C. weD. us分析：if not _ 是if you dont turn to us 的省略。 答案：D7.Did you visit the museum last week ? No, we _, but we spent too much time shopping. A. could haveB. could C. must haveD. must分析：句中we _是we could have visited the museum last week.的省略形式。答案：A8. Is your mother going to the supermarket ? No, _. A. she doesntB. shes cooking C. she gets by busD. to a tailors shop分析：根据对话的语境，表明：我妈妈不打算去超市，而是去裁缝铺。to a tailors shop是She is going to a tailors shop.的省略。答案：D9. She may not be free today. _, well have to put the meeting off. A. If mayB. If not C. If she may notD. If she may not be free today.分析：答语的前半部分的完整回答应是：If she is not free today.答案：B10. She hurriedly left the room as if _. A. she angryB. was angry C. it was angryD. angry分析：when, if，Unless, while, though/although, as if/though引导的状语从句，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中谓语部分有be时，可以省略句中的主语和be。答案：D【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）一. 单项选择：1. _, I will help you with your work. A. If I am possibleB. If it possible C. If possibleD. Possible2. Do you follow me? Yes, _. A. it is goodB. I willC. perfectlyD. very good3. How are you getting on with your work ? Oh, Im sorry. Things arent going so well as _. A. plansB. planning C. plannedD. to plan4. Are you a teacher? No, but I _. I worked in a middle school for three years. A. amB. will C. doD. was5. How many poor countries will there be in our province by 2010? There will be only a few, if _. A. muchB. some C. anyD. many6. Why didnt you come to Mikes birthday party yesterday ? Well, I_, but I forgot it. A. shouldB. must C. should haveD. must have7. Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients dont take medicine _. A. like directedB. to be directed C. as directedD. so that directed8. The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? _. A. I guess not soB. I dont guess C. I dont guess soD. I guess not.9. The plane is due to take off at 7:50 from the airport. _ we fail to arrive there in time ？ Try to take another flight then. A. What ifB. As if C. Even ifD. Only if10. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced二. 完型填空：Of all the men who ever liked fresh air, no one liked it more than James Wilson did. He _1_ slept with his window open even when snow was falling outside.One winter, he went to Finland on business. When he _2_ his room in the hotel, he found that the windows were closed to _3_ the icy air out. He did his best to open one but failed. The bed was really _4_, but Wilson couldnt sleep. He _5_ forget the closed windows. No fresh air! It was _6_ to think of.At about one oclock in the morning, he was _7_ awake. Worrying about the air in the room. He became very angry. Where was the _8_ ? He could see something that looked like _9_ over there. He threw a shoe at it through the darkness with all the force of his strong right arm. A terrible sound of breaking glass _10_ the room, but to Wilsons sad heart, it seemed like the sound of _11_ music.When daylight came through the window, he _12_ and lay with his eyes close. There was _13_ to worry about. _14_ was it ? Oh, the broken window! Yes, indeed. He would have to pay _15_ that. He opened his eyes to look.Suddenly he sat up in _16_. The window was not broken at all. The _17_ was all in one piece, just as good as it had been the night before. _18_ fresh air was entering the room through the window!He then turned his eyes to the _19_ and saw a broken picture _20_ on the wall. There was a shoe on the floor below it, and a lot of broken glasses around the shoe.1. A. seldomB. oftenC. sometimesD. always2. A. leftB. cleanedC. enteredD. examined3. A. preventB. keepC. stopD. send4. A. coldB. comfortableC. badD. terrible5. A. shouldntB. wasnt able toC. couldntD. wouldnt6. A. unluckyB. anxiousC. difficultD. terrible7. A. alreadyB. nearlyC. hardlyD. still8. A. waiterB. managerC. windowD. light9. A. paperB. glassC. a pictureD. a man10. A. destroyedB. coveredC. filledD. entered11. A. funnyB. strangeC. beautifulD. famous12. A. got upB. woke upC. went inD. came down13. A. a lotB. littleC. somethingD. someone14. A. WhatB. HowC. WhereD. Who15. A. to B. withC. fromD. for16. A. silenceB. surpriseC. troubleD. pain17. A. windowB. pictureC. glassD. shoe18. A. MuchB. NoC. StillD. Yet19. A. outsideB. topC. sideD. bottom20. A. lyingB. hangingC. fallingD. put三. 阅读理解：I was bleeding now. My ears were red, my nose was broken, and the pain of failure was beginning. I had lost. It was over. The match was stopped. The world seemed to stand still for a moment as I looked at who had beaten me. “Ive lost,” I said in m mind. “The last chance to win and I had lost.” It was the final round of wrestling. It was my last year at camp and I wanted to have an undefeated season. But now, I had lost in the tournament（锦标赛）.My coach came over to help me up. He saw that my nose was broken and realized that the match had to be stopped. He helped me up and I got small applause from my teammates. People on the other team just stared. Coach walked me over to the locker room to work on my nose.“Ill stop the bleeding,” Coach Matt said. His voice was cold and empty. He had expected me to winhe knew I could have wonbut now he saw it was over. I had lost.“Hey, Steve. You did good, man, He, well, he just” my friend Paul couldnt find what to say.“Forget it, man.” I said, my nose still bleeding.“Dont talk or it wont stop bleeding. Just relax and breath through your mouth.” Coach Matts voice was still cold, but warming slowly. He was like a father to me. He had been there through all my years of wrestling, all my wins and losess , all my hopes and dreamsand now he was there, fixing my smashed nose.“This must have happened during that last throw. You fell too much on your face. You shouldve turned and tried to escape. You gotta think more.” Coach Matt began, his voice now warm like an old friend trying to give good advice.“I wanted this so badly.” I said.“Maybe we can get another contest because of the nose. You can still go undefeated! You can still do it” Paul continued.No, I lost. Nothing was left for me to do this year. This was supposed to be the yearno loses.” I said, cutting him off before he finished.“Steve, you did your best. Come on. Lets go and get your medal,” Coach said. He looked at me right in the eyes. “You gave it your all. You deserved that trophy(战利品), not the silver medal. You deserve it, but he is getting it. You really won and the whole team is proud.”I walked up to get my medal, my head held high. I shook the hands of the judges and my opponent, took m medal and saw that, in the eyes of everyone, I had really won. No matter what trophy or medal my opponent took home, no matter what. He may have had my trophy, but he could never have my will.1. The word “applause” in the second paragraph means _.A. cheers and handclappingB. shouts and cryingC. screaming and laughingD. noises and whistling2. “You gave it your all.” means that _.A. you tried to win but you failedB. you have done your best to do itC. you never gave up doing itD. you succeeded in everything3. The hero lost his match. Both his coach and friends thought that _.A. he really showed his strength in itB. he shouldnt be encouraged and thought highly ofC. he could not match his opponentD. he had lost heart at the end of the competition4. According to the hero, at the end of the passage, we can suppose that_.A. he had made up his mind to win all the matches the next seasonB. he looked down upon his opponent and though nothing of itC. he had strong will to become the best wrestler in the worldD. he wanted to end his career as a professional wrestler【试题答案】一. 单项选择：1. C If possible: 如果有可能的话. 已经成为了惯用语是If it is possible的省略。2. C perfectly是I follow you perfectly的省略。3. C 事情不象计划的那样好。完整句是：as it was planned.4. D but I _是But I was a teacher 的省略。5. C if _.的完整表达是：If there were any poor provinces.6. C I_,的完整表达是：I should have gone to Mikes birthday party yesterday.7. C 有50%的病人没有按医嘱吃药。完整表达是：as many as 50% of patients dont take medicine as they are directed by the doctors.8. D not在guess; hope; believe; 等动词后面替代一个否定意义的宾语从句。9. A _ we fail to arrive there in time ？的完整句子是：What shall we do if we fail to arrive there in time ?10. B when引导的时间状语从句，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中谓语部分有be时，可以省略句中的主语和be，本句中when后面省略了these products were. 二. 完型填空：1. C James Wilson喜欢新鲜空气所以他总是开着窗户睡觉，甚至外面下雪的时候也是如此。2. C 当他进入旅馆房间时3. B 他发现窗户是关闭的，为抵御外面的寒气。Keepout：把挡在外面。4. B 床的确很舒服，但他睡不着。5. C 他无法忘记那扇紧闭的窗户。B选项指没有做成某件事。6. D 没有新鲜空气！想到这简直太可怕了。7. D 凌晨1点了，可他仍然醒这。8. C 他有点生气了，窗户在哪呢？9. B 他在那里找不到任何看上去像玻璃的东西。10. C 玻璃被打碎的声音充斥着整个房间。11. C 但对于Wilson来说，这声音就如同美妙的音乐一样。因为玻璃碎了，新鲜空气就可以进来了。12. B （转天早晨）他醒了并闭着眼睛躺在床上。13. C 有什么事令他担忧。14. A 到底是什么事呢？15. D 他想起了那扇打碎的玻璃，他得为此而赔偿（付钱），pay for：为付钱.固定搭配。16. B 他睁开眼睛望去，突然他吃惊地坐了起来。17. C 玻璃完好无损。18. B 根本就没有新鲜空气透过窗户进入到室内。19. C 他把目光转向旁边。20. B 看到一幅破损的画挂在墙上。三. 阅读理解：1. A. applause 鼓掌。根据第二段：He helped me up and I got small applause from my teammates. 他帮我站起来，我的队友给了我一点掌声。而B，C，D四个选项与句义不符。2. B. 根据倒数第二段的内容，教练在鼓励作者坚持到底。You give it your all. 由句型give sb. sth. 演化而来。所以理解为：你已经尽全力了。3. A. 从倒数第二段教练所说的 “You gave it your all. You deserved that trophy（战利品），not the silver medal. You deserve it, but he is getting it. You really won and the whole team is proud.” 可知教练在鼓励作者，认为作者的确显示了自己的力量。 4. C. 从文章结尾看，主人公失去了本赛季比赛中最后获胜的机会，但仍然带伤勇敢地返回赛场，充分显示了主人公的顽强意志。向世人展示了一名最优秀的运动员的品质。